PATHWAY: dre04144 Help
Entry
Name
Endocytosis - Danio rerio (zebrafish)
Description
Endocytosis is a mechanism for cells to remove ligands, nutrients, and plasma membrane (PM) proteins, and lipids from the cell surface, bringing them into the cell interior. Transmembrane proteins entering through clathrin-dependent endocytosis (CDE) have sequences in their cytoplasmic domains that bind to the APs (adaptor-related protein complexes) and enable their rapid removal from the PM. In addition to APs and clathrin, there are numerous accessory proteins including dynamin. Depending on the various proteins that enter the endosome membrane, these cargoes are sorted to distinct destinations. Some cargoes, such as nutrient receptors, are recycled back to the PM. Ubiquitylated membrane proteins, such as activated growth-factor receptors, are sorted into intraluminal vesicles and eventually end up in the lysosome lumen via multivesicular endosomes (MVEs). There are distinct mechanisms of clathrin-independent endocytosis (CIE) depending upon the cargo and the cell type.
Class
Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Other DBs
Organism
Danio rerio (zebrafish) [GN:
dre ]
Gene
449831 pip5k1ba; phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase, type I, beta a [KO:K00889 ] [EC:2.7.1.68 ]
553629 pip5k1aa; phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase, type I, alpha, a [KO:K00889 ] [EC:2.7.1.68 ]
798876 pip5k1ca; phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 gamma isoform X2 [KO:K00889 ] [EC:2.7.1.68 ]
558153 ap2a1; AP-2 complex subunit alpha-2 isoform X2 [KO:K11824 ]
321051 ap2m1a; AP-2 complex subunit mu-A isoform 2 [KO:K11826 ]
567055 ehd2a; EH domain-containing protein 2-like [KO:K12469 ]
100005449 zfyve9a; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 9 isoform X2 [KO:K04679 ]
794689 zfyve16; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 16 isoform X2 [KO:K04679 ]
101882992 zfyve9b; zinc finger FYVE domain-containing protein 9 [KO:K04679 ]
30639 smad2; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 [KO:K04500 ]
326283 smad3b; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3b [KO:K23605 ]
58092 smad3a; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3a [KO:K23605 ]
793623 sh3kbp1; SH3 domain-containing kinase-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12470 ]
394091 sh3gl2a; SH3 domain containing GRB2 like 2a, endophilin A1 [KO:K11247 ]
794400 sh3gl2b; SH3 domain containing GRB2 like 2b, endophilin A1 [KO:K11247 ]
447863 bin1b; myc box-dependent-interacting protein 1b isoform 2 [KO:K12562 ]
563561 myc box-dependent-interacting protein 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K12562 ]
795505 eps15; epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15 isoform X1 [KO:K12472 ]
568170 eps15l1a; epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15-like 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12472 ]
100329948 eps15l1b; epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15-like 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12472 ]
387529 ldlra; low density lipoprotein receptor a precursor [KO:K12473 ]
368278 ldlrap1a; low density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1a [KO:K12474 ]
791153 ldlrap1b; low density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1b [KO:K12474 ]
572485 si:dkey-71h2.2; low density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12474 ]
368323 si:ch211-204c21.1; disabled homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12475 ]
100005081 si:ch211-207g17.3; C-C chemokine receptor type 5-like [KO:K04180 ]
100004988 si:ch211-207g17.2; C-C chemokine receptor type 5-like [KO:K04180 ]
796724 cxcr2; C-X-C chemokine receptor type 1-like [KO:K05050 ]
394034 waslb; WASP like actin nucleation promoting factor b [KO:K23612 ]
493612 zgc:101810; uncharacterized protein LOC493612 [KO:K17260 ]
335474 arpc1b; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 1B [KO:K05757 ]
394243 arpc1a; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 1A [KO:K05757 ]
415190 zgc:86896; uncharacterized protein LOC415190 [KO:K05757 ]
327068 arpc2; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2 [KO:K05758 ]
415204 arpc3; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 3 [KO:K05756 ]
114456 arpc4; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 4 [KO:K05755 ]
445305 arpc4l; actin related protein 2/3 complex, subunit 4, like [KO:K05755 ]
336504 arpc5a; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5a [KO:K05754 ]
393550 arpc5la; actin related protein 2/3 complex, subunit 5-like, a [KO:K05754 ]
399482 arpc5b; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5b [KO:K05754 ]
556104 arpc5lb; actin related protein 2/3 complex, subunit 5-like, b [KO:K05754 ]
563976 wipf2a; WAS/WASL-interacting protein family member 2 isoform X1 [KO:K19475 ]
415255 wipf2b; WAS/WASL-interacting protein family member 2b [KO:K19475 ]
368364 sb:cb649; WAS/WASL-interacting protein family member 3 [KO:K19475 ]
100005341 wipf1a; WAS/WASL-interacting protein family member 1a [KO:K19475 ]
30671 hsp70.3; heat shock cognate 70-kd protein, tandem duplicate 3 [KO:K03283 ]
560210 hsp70l; heat shock cognate 70-kd protein, like [KO:K03283 ]
100535101 hsp70.2; heat shock cognate 70-kd protein, tandem duplicate 2 [KO:K03283 ]
100126123 hsp70.1; heat shock cognate 70-kd protein, tandem duplicate 1 [KO:K03283 ]
562935 hspa8b; heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 8b [KO:K03283 ]
796345 dnajc6; putative tyrosine-protein phosphatase auxilin isoform X3 [KO:K09526 ]
567272 fam21c; WASH complex subunit 2 isoform X2 [KO:K18462 ]
327029 capza1a; F-actin-capping protein subunit alpha-1a [KO:K10364 ]
474327 capza1b; F-actin-capping protein subunit alpha-1b [KO:K10364 ]
335083 capzb; F-actin-capping protein subunit beta [KO:K10365 ]
573437 vps29; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 29 [KO:K18467 ]
393881 vps26a; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26A [KO:K18466 ]
406684 vps26b; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26B [KO:K18466 ]
436688 vps26bl; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26B-like [KO:K18466 ]
561697 vps35; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 35 [KO:K18468 ]
449549 zgc:100918; Ras-related protein rab7-like [KO:K07897 ]
494576 si:dkey-13a21.4; uncharacterized protein LOC494576 [KO:K07897 ]
334175 hgs; hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate [KO:K12182 ]
386967 stam; signal transducing adapter molecule 1 [KO:K04705 ]
492497 stam2; signal transducing adapter molecule 2 [KO:K04705 ]
767667 mvb12ba; multivesicular body subunit 12Ba [KO:K12186 ]
393562 vps28; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 28 homolog [KO:K12184 ]
777738 vps37c; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37C [KO:K12185 ]
336368 vps37a; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37A [KO:K12185 ]
101884856 si:ch211-284f22.3; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 37D [KO:K12185 ]
335810 vps36; vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 36 [KO:K12190 ]
407684 vps25; vacuolar protein-sorting-associated protein 25 [KO:K12189 ]
100147988 chmp6a; charged multivesicular body protein 6-like isoform X1 [KO:K12195 ]
445397 chmp6b; charged multivesicular body protein 6 [KO:K12195 ]
393164 chmp4ba; charged multivesicular body protein 4b [KO:K12194 ]
406766 chmp4bb; charged multivesicular body protein 4c [KO:K24782 ]
550542 chmp4c; charged multivesicular body protein 4c [KO:K24782 ]
406621 chmp3; charged multivesicular body protein 3 [KO:K12193 ]
798901 chmp2a; charged multivesicular body protein 2a [KO:K12191 ]
569532 chmp2ba; charged multivesicular body protein 2Ba [KO:K12192 ]
405840 chmp2bb; charged multivesicular body protein 2b [KO:K12192 ]
393754 chmp7; charged multivesicular body protein 7 [KO:K15053 ]
393880 vps4b; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4B [KO:K12196 ]
767670 vps4a; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4A [KO:K12196 ]
406414 vta1; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein VTA1 homolog [KO:K12199 ]
336426 chmp1b; charged multivesicular body protein 1b [KO:K12197 ]
393535 chmp1a; charged multivesicular body protein 1a [KO:K12197 ]
558613 chmp5a; charged multivesicular body protein 5 [KO:K12198 ]
393351 chmp5b; charged multivesicular body protein 5 [KO:K12198 ]
406669 pdcd6ip; programmed cell death 6-interacting protein [KO:K12200 ]
557061 igf2r; cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor precursor [KO:K06564 ]
793920 il2rb; interleukin-2 receptor subunit beta precursor [KO:K05069 ]
796604 il2rga; interleukin 2 receptor, gamma a precursor [KO:K05070 ]
406411 rhoaa; rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoA-A [KO:K04513 ]
406659 rhoac; rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoA-C [KO:K04513 ]
436718 rhocb; rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoA-D [KO:K04513 ]
751630 zgc:153713; RhoA_like domain-containing protein [KO:K04513 ]
64885 mhc1uea; major histocompatibility complex class I UEA precursor [KO:K06751 ]
393557 mhc1uxa2; major histocompatibility complex class I UXA2 precursor [KO:K06751 ]
791453 mhc1zba; major histocompatibility complex class I ZBA precursor [KO:K06751 ]
767703 mhc1uha; major histocompatibility complex class I UHA precursor [KO:K06751 ]
393377 mhc1uja; major histocompatibility complex class I UJA precursor [KO:K06751 ]
337737 rab5aa; RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family, a [KO:K07887 ]
393945 rab5ab; RAB5A, member RAS oncogene family, b [KO:K07887 ]
568064 rabep1; rab GTPase-binding effector protein 1 isoform 2 [KO:K12480 ]
569096 rufy2; RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 2 isoform 2 [KO:K12482 ]
561653 vps45; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 45 [KO:K12479 ]
568800 rab31; ras-related protein Rab-31 isoform X2 [KO:K07891 ]
386994 rab11al; RAB11a, member RAS oncogene family, like [KO:K07904 ]
406798 rab11ba; RAB11B, member RAS oncogene family, a [KO:K07905 ]
436828 rab11bb; RAB11B, member RAS oncogene family, b [KO:K07905 ]
570939 uncharacterized protein LOC570939 isoform X1 [KO:K12484 ]
100334729 rab11fip2; rab11 family-interacting protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12484 ]
553374 rab11fip1a; rab11 family-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12484 ]
562719 rab11fip5a; uncharacterized protein rab11fip5a isoform X1 [KO:K12484 ]
402861 rab11fip1b; calponin homology domain-containing protein DDB_G0272472 isoform X1 [KO:K12484 ]
436806 rab11fip4a; rab11 family-interacting protein 4A [KO:K12485 ]
573631 rab11fip3; rab11 family-interacting protein 3 [KO:K12485 ]
403050 pard3ab; par-3 family cell polarity regulator alpha, b isoform 1 [KO:K04237 ]
80959 pard6gb; par-6 family cell polarity regulator gamma b [KO:K06093 ]
792828 pard6a; partitioning defective 6 homolog alpha [KO:K06093 ]
100170824 pard6ga; par-6 family cell polarity regulator gamma a [KO:K06093 ]
336839 cdc42; cell division control protein 42 homolog isoform 2 [KO:K04393 ]
777731 smap1; stromal membrane-associated protein 1 [KO:K12486 ]
556132 smap2; stromal membrane-associated protein 2 [KO:K12486 ]
568935 git1; ARF GTPase-activating protein GIT1 isoform X2 [KO:K05737 ]
793882 git2a; ARF GTPase-activating protein GIT2a [KO:K12487 ]
567190 git2b; ARF GTPase-activating protein GIT2b isoform 1 [KO:K12487 ]
560581 asap2b; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2b [KO:K12488 ]
561879 unm_sa1614; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12488 ]
565859 asap1b; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X7 [KO:K12488 ]
570669 asap2a; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2a [KO:K12488 ]
100170829 asap1a; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1a [KO:K12488 ]
664764 asap3; arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform 1 [KO:K12488 ]
100009646 acap3b; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3b [KO:K12489 ]
561771 acap1; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K12489 ]
100004931 zgc:162872; BAR_ACAPs and ArfGap_ACAP domain-containing protein [KO:K12489 ]
564814 si:ch211-168b3.1; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K12489 ]
322991 acap3a; arf-GAP with coiled-coil, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K12489 ]
100332526 arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K18439 ]
100005008 arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1-like [KO:K18439 ]
571767 si:ch211-135f11.1; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X3 [KO:K18439 ]
559690 zmp:0000000660; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K18440 ]
558931 arap3; arf-GAP with Rho-GAP domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X2 [KO:K12490 ]
100148154 agap1; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 1 isoform X6 [KO:K12491 ]
324332 agap3; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12491 ]
565109 agap2; arf-GAP with GTPase, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K17848 ]
100149572 arfgap1; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 1 [KO:K12492 ]
641490 arfgap2; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 2 [KO:K12493 ]
402889 arfgap3; ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 3 [KO:K12493 ]
559329 psd3l; PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 3 [KO:K12494 ]
100151196 PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K12494 ]
570918 si:ch211-150i13.1; PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 1 isoform X3 [KO:K12494 ]
557199 psd2; PH and SEC7 domain-containing protein 2 isoform X2 [KO:K12494 ]
560461 IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 2 isoform X5 [KO:K12495 ]
100148736 iqsec1b; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 1 isoform X3 [KO:K12495 ]
555340 iqsec3b; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 3 isoform X2 [KO:K12495 ]
797187 iqsec2b; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 1 isoform X3 [KO:K12495 ]
797355 iqsec3a; IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 3 isoform X2 [KO:K12495 ]
100334106 iqsec1a; IQ motif and Sec7 domain ArfGEF 1a isoform 1 [KO:K12495 ]
100329953 arfgef1; brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K18442 ]
100334572 arfgef2; brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 2 [KO:K18442 ]
566350 gbf1; Golgi-specific brefeldin A-resistance guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K18443 ]
334219 zgc:77650; uncharacterized protein LOC334219 [KO:K07939 ]
550265 zgc:110286; uncharacterized protein LOC550265 [KO:K07939 ]
Compound
C04549 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
C04637 1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
C11556 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,5-bisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Acconcia F, Sigismund S, Polo S
Title
Ubiquitin in trafficking: the network at work.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Donaldson JG, Porat-Shliom N, Cohen LA
Title
Clathrin-independent endocytosis: a unique platform for cell signaling and PM remodeling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Sorkin A
Title
Cargo recognition during clathrin-mediated endocytosis: a team effort.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Raiborg C, Stenmark H
Title
The ESCRT machinery in endosomal sorting of ubiquitylated membrane proteins.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Scita G, Di Fiore PP
Title
The endocytic matrix.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Le Roy C, Wrana JL
Title
Clathrin- and non-clathrin-mediated endocytic regulation of cell signalling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Jovic M, Sharma M, Rahajeng J, Caplan S
Title
The early endosome: a busy sorting station for proteins at the crossroads.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Pietiainen VM, Marjomaki V, Heino J, Hyypia T
Title
Viral entry, lipid rafts and caveosomes.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Grant BD, Donaldson JG
Title
Pathways and mechanisms of endocytic recycling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Cullen PJ, Korswagen HC
Title
Sorting nexins provide diversity for retromer-dependent trafficking events.
Journal
Related pathway
dre04060 Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
dre04070 Phosphatidylinositol signaling system
dre04130 SNARE interactions in vesicular transport
KO pathway
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