KEGG   PATHWAY: mcf05162
Entry
mcf05162                    Pathway                                
Name
Measles - Macaca fascicularis (crab-eating macaque)
Description
Measles virus (MV) is highly contagious virus that leads infant death worldwide. Humans are the unique natural reservoir for this virus. MV infection is characterized by virus-induced immune suppression that can lead to increased susceptibility to secondary bacterial and viral infections. The P, V and C proteins act as virulence factors to suppress innate immune response in host by inhibiting signaling for both type I IFN induction and JAK/STAT-mediated interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) induction. Moreover,  H protein expressed on viral particles and binding to SLAM or CD46,  as well as N protein liberated from infected cells and interacting with Fc-gamma R, causes an inhibition of IL-12 synthesis in dendritic cells. IL-12 is a key cytokine inducing cellular immune responses to protect host from the harm caused by pathogenic infections.
Class
Human Diseases; Infectious disease: viral
Pathway map
mcf05162  Measles
mcf05162

Disease
H00394  Measles
Organism
Macaca fascicularis (crab-eating macaque) [GN:mcf]
Gene
101865354  CASP8; caspase-8 isoform X1 [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
101865558  RACK1; small ribosomal subunit protein RACK1 isoform X2 [KO:K14753]
101865560  CSNK2A2; casein kinase II subunit alpha' isoform X1 [KO:K03097] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101865823  EIF2AK1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 1 isoform X2 [KO:K16194] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101865975  TAB2; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04404]
101865999  CCND3; G1/S-specific cyclin-D3 isoform X1 [KO:K10152]
101866246  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X2 [KO:K02649]
101866285  FADD; FAS-associated death domain protein [KO:K02373]
101866832  MYD88; myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 isoform X1 [KO:K04729]
101866843  RAB9A; ras-related protein Rab-9A [KO:K07899]
101867324  RELA; transcription factor p65 isoform X1 [KO:K04735]
101867362  TNFAIP3; tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 3 [KO:K11859] [EC:3.4.19.12]
101867458  NFKBIA; NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha [KO:K04734]
101925134  STAT1; signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-alpha/beta isoform X2 [KO:K11220]
101925240  [KO:K03283]
101925386  EIF2S1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237]
101925733  CDK4; cyclin-dependent kinase 4 [KO:K02089] [EC:2.7.11.22]
101926012  HSPA1L; heat shock 70 kDa protein 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K03283]
101926190  IFNAR1; interferon alpha/beta receptor 1 isoform X3 [KO:K05130]
101926284  ADAR; double-stranded RNA-specific adenosine deaminase isoform X1 [KO:K12968] [EC:3.5.4.37]
101926546  IL1A; interleukin-1 alpha isoform X2 [KO:K04383]
101926641  EIF3H; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit H [KO:K03247]
102114949  CBLB; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase CBL-B isoform X1 [KO:K22517] [EC:2.3.2.27]
102115289  [KO:K05414]
102115316  IL12A; interleukin-12 subunit alpha [KO:K05406]
102115368  IKBKG; NF-kappa-B essential modulator isoform X1 [KO:K07210]
102115670  IFNB1; interferon beta [KO:K05415]
102115964  CHUK; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04467] [EC:2.7.11.10]
102117102  [KO:K08738]
102117377  EIF2AK3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102117954  CDKN1B; cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B isoform X2 [KO:K06624]
102118402  STAT3; signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04692]
102118497  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
102119572  CCND2; G1/S-specific cyclin-D2 [KO:K10151]
102119749  IL1B; interleukin-1 beta [KO:K04519]
102119825  BBC3; bcl-2-binding component 3 isoform X3 [KO:K10132]
102120205  [KO:K08738]
102120328  [KO:K06563]
102120556  [KO:K11223]
102120841  [KO:K08738]
102121272  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X4 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
102121921  BAD; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158]
102121984  [KO:K06563]
102122725  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
102123605  IL2RA; interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K05068]
102123704  [KO:K08738]
102123983  JAK1; tyrosine-protein kinase JAK1 isoform X1 [KO:K11217] [EC:2.7.10.2]
102124745  EIF2AK2; interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase [KO:K16195] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102124774  TP73; tumor protein p73 isoform X2 [KO:K10148]
102124804  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
102124858  IL12B; interleukin-12 subunit beta [KO:K05425]
102125087  TRADD; tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein isoform X2 [KO:K03171]
102125088  [KO:K08738]
102125227  CSNK2B; casein kinase II subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K03115]
102125825  CSNK2A1; casein kinase II subunit alpha isoform X2 [KO:K03097] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102126339  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X2 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
102126428  IKBKE; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit epsilon isoform X1 [KO:K07211] [EC:2.7.11.10]
102126446  JUN; transcription factor Jun [KO:K04448]
102126830  CASP9; caspase-9 isoform X1 [KO:K04399] [EC:3.4.22.62]
102127060  STAT5B; signal transducer and activator of transcription 5B isoform X1 [KO:K11224]
102127614  [KO:K08738]
102128596  TRAF6; TNF receptor-associated factor 6 [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
102129830  IL2; interleukin-2 [KO:K05429]
102130059  NFKBIB; NF-kappa-B inhibitor beta isoform X1 [KO:K02581]
102130894  IRF7; interferon regulatory factor 7 isoform X2 [KO:K09447]
102131294  HSPA8; heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein [KO:K03283]
102131636  OAS1; 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K14216] [EC:2.7.7.84]
102132016  OAS3; 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K14216] [EC:2.7.7.84]
102132060  EIF2AK4; eIF-2-alpha kinase GCN2 isoform X1 [KO:K16196] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102132255  BAX; apoptosis regulator BAX isoform X6 [KO:K02159]
102132281  RAB9B; ras-related protein Rab-9B isoform X2 [KO:K07900]
102132372  MAVS; mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein isoform X1 [KO:K12648]
102132392  OAS2; 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthase 2 [KO:K14216] [EC:2.7.7.84]
102132744  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102132745  IRF3; interferon regulatory factor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05411]
102133020  STAT2; signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 isoform X1 [KO:K11221]
102133065  [KO:K06451]
102133701  [KO:K06450]
102133756  GSK3B; glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta isoform X1 [KO:K03083] [EC:2.7.11.26]
102134381  [KO:K06452]
102134669  JAK3; tyrosine-protein kinase JAK3 isoform X1 [KO:K11218] [EC:2.7.10.2]
102134829  IRAK1; interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 [KO:K04730] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102135329  CCND1; G1/S-specific cyclin-D1 [KO:K04503]
102135470  SLAMF1; signaling lymphocytic activation molecule isoform X1 [KO:K06536]
102135560  IFIH1; interferon-induced helicase C domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K12647] [EC:5.6.2.6]
102135998  TP53; cellular tumor antigen P53 [KO:K04451]
102136392  [KO:K08738]
102136906  TLR4; toll-like receptor 4 isoform X1 [KO:K10160]
102137059  MX1; interferon-induced GTP-binding protein Mx1 [KO:K14754]
102137291  PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
102137473  APAF1; apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K02084]
102137714  CCNE1; G1/S-specific cyclin-E1 isoform X1 [KO:K06626]
102138212  BCL2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 [KO:K02161]
102138273  NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X3 [KO:K02580]
102138564  CCNE2; G1/S-specific cyclin-E2 isoform X3 [KO:K06626]
102138585  MX2; interferon-induced GTP-binding protein Mx2 [KO:K14754]
102138714  IL2RB; interleukin-2 receptor subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K05069]
102138971  IL6; interleukin-6 precursor [KO:K05405]
102139233  CDK2; cyclin-dependent kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K02206] [EC:2.7.11.22]
102139406  FASLG; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 [KO:K04389]
102139530  FCGR2B; low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-b isoform X1 [KO:K12560]
102139628  TLR7; toll-like receptor 7 [KO:K05404]
102140083  IFNAR2; interferon alpha/beta receptor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05131]
102140231  IRAK4; interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K04733] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102140303  [KO:K05414]
102140498  MAP3K7; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
102140874  CDK6; cyclin-dependent kinase 6 isoform X1 [KO:K02091] [EC:2.7.11.22]
102140954  IFNA8; interferon alpha-8 [KO:K05414]
102141351  RIGI; antiviral innate immune response receptor RIG-I isoform X1 [KO:K12646] [EC:5.6.2.6]
102141352  [KO:K05414]
102141355  TRAF3; TNF receptor-associated factor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K03174]
102141744  [KO:K05414]
102141866  [KO:K08738]
102142026  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
102142148  [KO:K05414]
102142271  IRF9; interferon regulatory factor 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04693]
102142357  BAK1; bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer isoform X1 [KO:K14021]
102142406  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102142988  MSN; moesin isoform X3 [KO:K05763]
102143043  [KO:K05414]
102143094  TYK2; non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase TYK2 isoform X1 [KO:K11219] [EC:2.7.10.2]
102143176  HSPA6; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: heat shock 70 kDa protein 6 [KO:K03283]
102143226  BID; BH3-interacting domain death agonist isoform X2 [KO:K04726]
102143464  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
102143716  FOS; protein C-Fos [KO:K04379]
102144182  CASP3; caspase-3 isoform X1 [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
102144301  RCHY1; RING finger and CHY zinc finger domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K10144] [EC:2.3.2.27]
102144461  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X4 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
102144479  [KO:K05414]
102144774  TBK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1 [KO:K05410] [EC:2.7.11.10]
102144833  [KO:K05414]
102144912  IL2RG; cytokine receptor common subunit gamma [KO:K05070]
102145208  [KO:K05414]
102145962  [KO:K05414]
102146068  TLR2; toll-like receptor 2 [KO:K10159]
102146344  [KO:K05414]
102146604  IKBKB; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K07209] [EC:2.7.11.10]
102146670  CD28; T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28 isoform X2 [KO:K06470]
102146717  [KO:K05414]
102146832  CD46; membrane cofactor protein isoform X1 [KO:K04007]
102147079  [KO:K05414]
107127908  [KO:K08738]
107130218  [KO:K08738]
123569038  [KO:K05414]
123572795  [KO:K03283]
135964343  FAS; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 isoform X3 [KO:K04390]
135964355  [KO:K07210]
135967426  [KO:K05414]
Compound
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:19203113
  Authors
Schneider-Schaulies S, Schneider-Schaulies J
  Title
Measles virus-induced immunosuppression.
  Journal
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 330:243-69 (2009)
DOI:10.1007/978-3-540-70617-5_12
Reference
PMID:19203114
  Authors
Hahm B
  Title
Hostile communication of measles virus with host innate immunity and dendritic cells.
  Journal
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 330:271-87 (2009)
DOI:10.1007/978-3-540-70617-5_13
Reference
PMID:19198566
  Authors
Gerlier D, Valentin H
  Title
Measles virus interaction with host cells and impact on innate immunity.
  Journal
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 329:163-91 (2009)
DOI:10.1007/978-3-540-70523-9_8
Reference
PMID:16690907
  Authors
Schneider-Schaulies S, Dittmer U
  Title
Silencing T cells or T-cell silencing: concepts in virus-induced immunosuppression.
  Journal
J Gen Virol 87:1423-38 (2006)
DOI:10.1099/vir.0.81713-0
Reference
PMID:22049305
  Authors
Avota E, Gassert E, Schneider-Schaulies S
  Title
Cytoskeletal dynamics: concepts in measles virus replication and immunomodulation.
  Journal
Viruses 3:102-17 (2011)
DOI:10.3390/v3020102
Reference
PMID:27854326
  Authors
Jiang Y, Qin Y, Chen M
  Title
Host-Pathogen Interactions in Measles Virus Replication and Anti-Viral Immunity.
  Journal
Viruses 8:E308 (2016)
DOI:10.3390/v8110308
Reference
PMID:18922877
  Authors
Pfaller CK, Conzelmann KK
  Title
Measles virus V protein is a decoy substrate for IkappaB kinase alpha and prevents Toll-like receptor 7/9-mediated interferon induction.
  Journal
J Virol 82:12365-73 (2008)
DOI:10.1128/JVI.01321-08
Reference
PMID:17720800
  Authors
Yokota S, Okabayashi T, Yokosawa N, Fujii N
  Title
Measles virus P protein suppresses Toll-like receptor signal through up-regulation of ubiquitin-modifying enzyme A20.
  Journal
FASEB J 22:74-83 (2008)
DOI:10.1096/fj.07-8976com
Reference
PMID:23146309
  Authors
Delpeut S, Noyce RS, Siu RW, Richardson CD
  Title
Host factors and measles virus replication.
  Journal
Curr Opin Virol 2:773-83 (2012)
DOI:10.1016/j.coviro.2012.10.008
Reference
PMID:26878224
  Authors
Shah M, Anwar MA, Kim JH, Choi S
  Title
Advances in Antiviral Therapies Targeting Toll-like Receptors.
  Journal
Expert Opin Investig Drugs 25:437-53 (2016)
DOI:10.1517/13543784.2016.1154040
Reference
PMID:12620806
  Authors
Yokota S, Saito H, Kubota T, Yokosawa N, Amano K, Fujii N
  Title
Measles virus suppresses interferon-alpha signaling pathway: suppression of Jak1 phosphorylation and association of viral accessory proteins, C and V, with interferon-alpha receptor complex.
  Journal
Virology 306:135-46 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0042-6822(02)00026-0
Reference
PMID:12804771
  Authors
Takeuchi K, Kadota SI, Takeda M, Miyajima N, Nagata K
  Title
Measles virus V protein blocks interferon (IFN)-alpha/beta but not IFN-gamma signaling by inhibiting STAT1 and STAT2 phosphorylation.
  Journal
FEBS Lett 545:177-82 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0014-5793(03)00528-3
Reference
PMID:12805463
  Authors
Palosaari H, Parisien JP, Rodriguez JJ, Ulane CM, Horvath CM
  Title
STAT protein interference and suppression of cytokine signal transduction by measles virus V protein.
  Journal
J Virol 77:7635-44 (2003)
DOI:10.1128/JVI.77.13.7635-7644.2003
Reference
PMID:14585342
  Authors
Shaffer JA, Bellini WJ, Rota PA
  Title
The C protein of measles virus inhibits the type I interferon response.
  Journal
Virology 315:389-97 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0042-6822(03)00537-3
Reference
PMID:16971451
  Authors
Carsillo T, Traylor Z, Choi C, Niewiesk S, Oglesbee M
  Title
hsp72, a host determinant of measles virus neurovirulence.
  Journal
J Virol 80:11031-9 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JVI.01438-06
Reference
PMID:15914229
  Authors
Zhang X, Bourhis JM, Longhi S, Carsillo T, Buccellato M, Morin B, Canard B, Oglesbee M
  Title
Hsp72 recognizes a P binding motif in the measles virus N protein C-terminus.
  Journal
Virology 337:162-74 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.virol.2005.03.035
Reference
PMID:29712906
  Authors
Ke Z, Strauss JD, Hampton CM, Brindley MA, Dillard RS, Leon F, Lamb KM, Plemper RK, Wright ER
  Title
Promotion of virus assembly and organization by the measles virus matrix protein.
  Journal
Nat Commun 9:1736 (2018)
DOI:10.1038/s41467-018-04058-2
Reference
PMID:24155404
  Authors
Pfaller CK, Radeke MJ, Cattaneo R, Samuel CE
  Title
Measles virus C protein impairs production of defective copyback double-stranded viral RNA and activation of protein kinase R.
  Journal
J Virol 88:456-68 (2014)
DOI:10.1128/JVI.02572-13
Reference
PMID:17686838
  Authors
Sato H, Masuda M, Kanai M, Tsukiyama-Kohara K, Yoneda M, Kai C
  Title
Measles virus N protein inhibits host translation by binding to eIF3-p40.
  Journal
J Virol 81:11569-76 (2007)
DOI:10.1128/JVI.00570-07
Reference
PMID:19895323
  Authors
Sion-Vardy N, Lasarov I, Delgado B, Gopas J, Benharroch D, Ariad S
  Title
Measles virus: evidence for association with lung cancer.
  Journal
Exp Lung Res 35:701-12 (2009)
DOI:10.3109/01902140902853176
Reference
PMID:16140759
  Authors
Chen M, Cortay JC, Logan IR, Sapountzi V, Robson CN, Gerlier D
  Title
Inhibition of ubiquitination and stabilization of human ubiquitin E3 ligase PIRH2 by measles virus phosphoprotein.
  Journal
J Virol 79:11824-36 (2005)
DOI:10.1128/JVI.79.18.11824-11836.2005
Reference
PMID:16699046
  Authors
Cruz CD, Palosaari H, Parisien JP, Devaux P, Cattaneo R, Ouchi T, Horvath CM
  Title
Measles virus V protein inhibits p53 family member p73.
  Journal
J Virol 80:5644-50 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JVI.02400-05
Reference
PMID:10756053
  Authors
Servet-Delprat C, Vidalain PO, Azocar O, Le Deist F, Fischer A, Rabourdin-Combe C
  Title
Consequences of Fas-mediated human dendritic cell apoptosis induced by measles virus.
  Journal
J Virol 74:4387-93 (2000)
DOI:10.1128/JVI.74.9.4387-4393.2000
Reference
PMID:20601611
  Authors
Kushwah R, Hu J
  Title
Dendritic cell apoptosis: regulation of tolerance versus immunity.
  Journal
J Immunol 185:795-802 (2010)
DOI:10.4049/jimmunol.1000325
Reference
PMID:10590149
  Authors
Vidalain PO, Azocar O, Lamouille B, Astier A, Rabourdin-Combe C, Servet-Delprat C
  Title
Measles virus induces functional TRAIL production by human dendritic cells.
  Journal
J Virol 74:556-9 (2000)
DOI:10.1128/JVI.74.1.556-559.2000
Reference
PMID:11846228
  Authors
Vidalain PO, Azocar O, Rabourdin-Combe C, Servet-Delprat C
  Title
Measle virus-infected dendritic cells develop immunosuppressive and cytotoxic activities.
  Journal
Immunobiology 204:629-38 (2001)
DOI:10.1078/0171-2985-00102
Reference
PMID:10423127
  Authors
Engelking O, Fedorov LM, Lilischkis R, ter Meulen V, Schneider-Schaulies S
  Title
Measles virus-induced immunosuppression in vitro is associated with deregulation of G1 cell cycle control proteins.
  Journal
J Gen Virol 80 ( Pt 7):1599-608 (1999)
DOI:10.1099/0022-1317-80-7-1599
Reference
PMID:30510918
  Authors
Fan Y, Sanyal S, Bruzzone R
  Title
Breaking Bad: How Viruses Subvert the Cell Cycle.
  Journal
Front Cell Infect Microbiol 8:396 (2018)
DOI:10.3389/fcimb.2018.00396
Reference
PMID:20636817
  Authors
Griffin DE
  Title
Measles virus-induced suppression of immune responses.
  Journal
Immunol Rev 236:176-89 (2010)
DOI:10.1111/j.1600-065X.2010.00925.x
Reference
PMID:11385511
  Authors
Avota E, Avots A, Niewiesk S, Kane LP, Bommhardt U, ter Meulen V, Schneider-Schaulies S
  Title
Disruption of Akt kinase activation is important for immunosuppression induced by measles virus.
  Journal
Nat Med 7:725-31 (2001)
DOI:10.1038/89106
Reference
PMID:15308747
  Authors
Avota E, Muller N, Klett M, Schneider-Schaulies S
  Title
Measles virus interacts with and alters signal transduction in T-cell lipid rafts.
  Journal
J Virol 78:9552-9 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/JVI.78.17.9552-9559.2004
Reference
PMID:16963735
  Authors
Yanagi Y, Takeda M, Ohno S
  Title
Measles virus: cellular receptors, tropism and pathogenesis.
  Journal
J Gen Virol 87:2767-79 (2006)
DOI:10.1099/vir.0.82221-0
Reference
PMID:16237742
  Authors
Kerdiles YM, Sellin CI, Druelle J, Horvat B
  Title
Immunosuppression caused by measles virus: role of viral proteins.
  Journal
Rev Med Virol 16:49-63 (2006)
DOI:10.1002/rmv.486
Related
pathway
mcf04110  Cell cycle
mcf04115  p53 signaling pathway
mcf04120  Ubiquitin mediated proteolysis
mcf04210  Apoptosis
mcf04620  Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
mcf04622  RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway
mcf04630  JAK-STAT signaling pathway
mcf04658  Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation
mcf04660  T cell receptor signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko05162   

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