Entry
Name
Breast cancer - Mus musculus (house mouse)
Description
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. The vast majority of breast cancers are carcinomas that originate from cells lining the milk-forming ducts of the mammary gland. The molecular subtypes of breast cancer, which are based on the presence or absence of hormone receptors (estrogen and progesterone subtypes) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), include: hormone receptor positive and HER2 negative (luminal A subtype), hormone receptor positive and HER2 positive (luminal B subtype), hormone receptor negative and HER2 positive (HER2 positive), and hormone receptor negative and HER2 negative (basal-like or triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs)). Hormone receptor positive breast cancers are largely driven by the estrogen/ER pathway. In HER2 positive breast tumours, HER2 activates the PI3K/AKT and the RAS/RAF/MAPK pathways, and stimulate cell growth, survival and differentiation. In patients suffering from TNBC, the deregulation of various signalling pathways (Notch and Wnt/beta-catenin), EGFR protein have been confirmed. In the case of breast cancer only 8% of all cancers are hereditary, a phenomenon linked to genetic changes in BRCA1 or BRCA2. Somatic mutations in only three genes (TP53, PIK3CA and GATA3) occurred at >10% incidence across all breast cancers.
Class
Human Diseases; Cancer: specific types
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Organism
Mus musculus (house mouse) [GN:
mmu ]
Gene
20683 Sp1; trans-acting transcription factor 1 [KO:K04684 ]
22408 Wnt1; wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 1 [KO:K03209 ]
22417 Wnt4; wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 4 [KO:K00408 ]
21943 Tnfsf11; tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 11 [KO:K05473 ]
20416 Shc1; src homology 2 domain-containing transforming protein C1 [KO:K06279 ]
216148 Shc2; SHC (Src homology 2 domain containing) transforming protein 2 [KO:K17447 ]
20418 Shc3; src homology 2 domain-containing transforming protein C3 [KO:K17448 ]
271849 Shc4; SHC (Src homology 2 domain containing) family, member 4 [KO:K17449 ]
14784 Grb2; growth factor receptor bound protein 2 [KO:K04364 ]
20662 Sos1; SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 [KO:K03099 ]
20663 Sos2; SOS Ras/Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 [KO:K03099 ]
15461 Hras; Harvey rat sarcoma virus oncogene [KO:K02833 ]
16653 Kras; Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog [KO:K07827 ]
18706 Pik3ca; phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
18707 Pik3cd; phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
74769 Pik3cb; phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
18709 Pik3r2; phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 2 [KO:K02649 ]
18708 Pik3r1; phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1 [KO:K02649 ]
18710 Pik3r3; phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 3 [KO:K02649 ]
13388 Dll1; delta like canonical Notch ligand 1 [KO:K06051 ]
13389 Dll3; delta like canonical Notch ligand 3 [KO:K06051 ]
54485 Dll4; delta like canonical Notch ligand 4 [KO:K06051 ]
15205 Hes1; hes family bHLH transcription factor 1 [KO:K06054 ]
15208 Hes5; hes family bHLH transcription factor 5 [KO:K06055 ]
56198 Heyl; hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif-like [KO:K09091 ]
15213 Hey1; hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif 1 [KO:K09091 ]
15214 Hey2; hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif 2 [KO:K09091 ]
12575 Cdkn1a; cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A [KO:K06625 ]
18034 Nfkb2; nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells 2, p49/p100 [KO:K04469 ]
22413 Wnt2; wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 2 [KO:K00182 ]
22414 Wnt2b; wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 2B [KO:K00182 ]
22415 Wnt3; wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 3 [KO:K00312 ]
22416 Wnt3a; wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 3A [KO:K00312 ]
22418 Wnt5a; wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 5A [KO:K00444 ]
22419 Wnt5b; wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 5B [KO:K00444 ]
22420 Wnt6; wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 6 [KO:K00445 ]
22421 Wnt7a; wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 7A [KO:K00572 ]
22422 Wnt7b; wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 7B [KO:K00572 ]
20890 Wnt8a; wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 8A [KO:K00714 ]
22423 Wnt8b; wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 8B [KO:K00714 ]
216795 Wnt9a; wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 9A [KO:K01064 ]
22412 Wnt9b; wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 9B [KO:K01064 ]
22410 Wnt10b; wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 10B [KO:K01357 ]
22409 Wnt10a; wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 10A [KO:K01357 ]
22411 Wnt11; wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 11 [KO:K01384 ]
93735 Wnt16; wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 16 [KO:K01558 ]
16973 Lrp5; low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 [KO:K03068 ]
16974 Lrp6; low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 [KO:K03068 ]
13544 Dvl3; dishevelled segment polarity protein 3 [KO:K02353 ]
13542 Dvl1; dishevelled segment polarity protein 1 [KO:K02353 ]
13543 Dvl2; dishevelled segment polarity protein 2 [KO:K02353 ]
14296 Frat1; frequently rearranged in advanced T cell lymphomas [KO:K03069 ]
212398 Frat2; frequently rearranged in advanced T cell lymphomas 2 [KO:K03096 ]
11789 Apc; APC, WNT signaling pathway regulator [KO:K02085 ]
23805 Apc2; APC regulator of WNT signaling pathway 2 [KO:K02085 ]
21414 Tcf7; transcription factor 7, T cell specific [KO:K02620 ]
21415 Tcf7l1; transcription factor 7 like 1 (T cell specific, HMG box) [KO:K04490 ]
21416 Tcf7l2; transcription factor 7 like 2, T cell specific, HMG box [KO:K04491 ]
16842 Lef1; lymphoid enhancer binding factor 1 [KO:K04492 ]
22059 Trp53; transformation related protein 53 [KO:K04451 ]
13197 Gadd45a; growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible 45 alpha [KO:K04402 ]
17873 Gadd45b; growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible 45 beta [KO:K04402 ]
23882 Gadd45g; growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible 45 gamma [KO:K04402 ]
107986 Ddb2; damage specific DNA binding protein 2 [KO:K10140 ]
19645 Rb1; RB transcriptional corepressor 1 [KO:K06618 ]
Compound
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Zhang MH, Man HT, Zhao XD, Dong N, Ma SL
Title
Estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer molecular signatures and therapeutic potentials (Review).
Journal
Reference
Authors
Dai X, Xiang L, Li T, Bai Z
Title
Cancer Hallmarks, Biomarkers and Breast Cancer Molecular Subtypes.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Schnitt SJ
Title
Classification and prognosis of invasive breast cancer: from morphology to molecular taxonomy.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Title
Comprehensive molecular portraits of human breast tumours.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Eroles P, Bosch A, Perez-Fidalgo JA, Lluch A
Title
Molecular biology in breast cancer: intrinsic subtypes and signaling pathways.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Karamouzis MV, Papavassiliou KA, Adamopoulos C, Papavassiliou AG.
Title
Targeting androgen/estrogen receptors crosstalk in cancer
Journal
Reference
Authors
Sharp A, Harper-Wynne C.
Title
Treatment of advanced breast cancer (ABC): the expanding landscape of targeted therapies
Journal
J Cancer Biol Res 2:1036 (2014)
Reference
Authors
Byler S, Goldgar S, Heerboth S, Leary M, Housman G, Moulton K, Sarkar S
Title
Genetic and epigenetic aspects of breast cancer progression and therapy.
Journal
Anticancer Res 34:1071-7 (2014)
Reference
Authors
Mohamed A, Krajewski K, Cakar B, Ma CX
Title
Targeted therapy for breast cancer.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ellis MJ, Ding L, Shen D, Luo J, Suman VJ, Wallis JW, Van Tine BA, Hoog J, Goiffon RJ, Goldstein TC, Ng S, Lin L, Crowder R, Snider J, Ballman K, Weber J, Chen K, Koboldt DC, Kandoth C, Schierding WS, McMichael JF, Miller CA, Lu C, Harris CC, McLellan MD, Wendl MC, DeSchryver K, Allred DC, Esserman L, Unzeitig G, Margenthaler J, Babiera GV, Marcom PK, Guenther JM, Leitch M, Hunt K, Olson J, Tao Y, Maher CA, Fulton LL, Fulton RS, Harrison M, Oberkfell B, Du F, Demeter R, Vickery TL, Elhammali A, Piwnica-Worms H, McDonald S, Watson M, Dooling DJ, Ota D, Chang LW, Bose R, Ley TJ, Piwnica-Worms D, Stuart JM, Wilson RK, Mardis ER
Title
Whole-genome analysis informs breast cancer response to aromatase inhibition.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ma CX, Reinert T, Chmielewska I, Ellis MJ
Title
Mechanisms of aromatase inhibitor resistance.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Butt AJ, McNeil CM, Musgrove EA, Sutherland RL
Title
Downstream targets of growth factor and oestrogen signalling and endocrine resistance: the potential roles of c-Myc, cyclin D1 and cyclin E.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Dasgupta S, Lonard DM, O'Malley BW
Title
Nuclear receptor coactivators: master regulators of human health and disease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Brisken C
Title
Progesterone signalling in breast cancer: a neglected hormone coming into the limelight.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Scarpin KM, Graham JD, Mote PA, Clarke CL
Title
Progesterone action in human tissues: regulation by progesterone receptor (PR) isoform expression, nuclear positioning and coregulator expression.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Knutson TP, Lange CA
Title
Tracking progesterone receptor-mediated actions in breast cancer.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Dittrich A, Gautrey H, Browell D, Tyson-Capper A
Title
The HER2 Signaling Network in Breast Cancer--Like a Spider in its Web.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Higgins MJ, Baselga J
Title
Targeted therapies for breast cancer.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Mukohara T
Title
PI3K mutations in breast cancer: prognostic and therapeutic implications.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Schneider BP, Winer EP, Foulkes WD, Garber J, Perou CM, Richardson A, Sledge GW, Carey LA
Title
Triple-negative breast cancer: risk factors to potential targets.
Journal
Reference
Authors
King TD, Suto MJ, Li Y
Title
The Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway: a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of triple negative breast cancer.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Brown AM
Title
Wnt signaling in breast cancer: have we come full circle?
Journal
Reference
Authors
Geyer FC, Lacroix-Triki M, Savage K, Arnedos M, Lambros MB, MacKay A, Natrajan R, Reis-Filho JS
Title
beta-Catenin pathway activation in breast cancer is associated with triple-negative phenotype but not with CTNNB1 mutation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Al-Hussaini H, Subramanyam D, Reedijk M, Sridhar SS
Title
Notch signaling pathway as a therapeutic target in breast cancer.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Rangel MC, Bertolette D, Castro NP, Klauzinska M, Cuttitta F, Salomon DS
Title
Developmental signaling pathways regulating mammary stem cells and contributing to the etiology of triple-negative breast cancer.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Jamdade VS, Sethi N, Mundhe NA, Kumar P, Lahkar M, Sinha N
Title
Therapeutic targets of triple-negative breast cancer: a review.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Karamboulas C, Ailles L
Title
Developmental signaling pathways in cancer stem cells of solid tumors.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ignatiadis M, Sotiriou C
Title
Luminal breast cancer: from biology to treatment.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Shin SJ, Gong G, Lee HJ, Kang J, Bae YK, Lee A, Cho EY, Lee JS, Suh KS, Lee DW, Jung WH
Title
Positive expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor is associated with a positive hormone receptor status and a favorable prognosis in breast cancer.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Gasco M, Shami S, Crook T
Title
The p53 pathway in breast cancer.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Narod SA, Foulkes WD
Title
BRCA1 and BRCA2: 1994 and beyond.
Journal
Related pathway
KO pathway
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