KEGG PATHWAY: rno04720

KEGG

PATHWAY: rno04720

Entry

rno04720                    Pathway

Name

Long-term potentiation - Rattus norvegicus (rat)

Description

Hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), a long-lasting increase in synaptic efficacy, is the molecular basis for learning and memory. Tetanic stimulation of afferents in the CA1 region of the hippocampus induces glutamate release and activation of glutamate receptors in dendritic spines. A large increase in [Ca2+]i resulting from influx through NMDA receptors leads to constitutive activation of CaM kinase II (CaM KII) . Constitutively active CaM kinase II phosphorylates AMPA receptors, resulting in potentiation of the ionic conductance of AMPA receptors. Early-phase LTP (E-LTP) expression is due, in part, to this phosphorylation of the AMPA receptor. It is hypothesized that postsynaptic Ca2+ increases generated through NMDA receptors activate several signal transduction pathways including the Erk/MAP kinase and cAMP regulatory pathways. The convergence of these pathways at the level of the CREB/CRE transcriptional pathway may increase expression of a family of genes required for late-phase LTP (L-LTP).

Class

Organismal Systems; Nervous system

Pathway map

Long-term potentiation

Other DBs

GO:

Organism

Rattus norvegicus (rat) [GN:rno]

Gene

Gria1; glutamate receptor 1 precursor [KO:K05197]

Gria2; glutamate receptor 2 isoform 2 precursor [KO:K05198]

Adcy1; adenylate cyclase type 1 [KO:K08041] [EC:4.6.1.1]

Adcy8; adenylate cyclase type 8 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]

Prkaca; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]

Prkacb; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]

Ppp1r1a; protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 1A [KO:K08050]

Ppp1ca; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-alpha catalytic subunit [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]

Ppp1cc; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-gamma catalytic subunit isoform 1 [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]

Ppp1cb; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-beta catalytic subunit [KO:K06269] [EC:3.1.3.16]

Camk2a; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]

Camk2d; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]

Camk2b; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta isoform 2 [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]

Camk2g; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]

Rapgef3; rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3 [KO:K08014]

Rap1a; ras-related protein Rap-1A [KO:K04353]

Rap1b; ras-related protein Rap-1b precursor [KO:K07836]

Ppp3ca; protein phosphatase 3 catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]

Ppp3cb; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]

Ppp3cc; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform [KO:K04348] [EC:3.1.3.16]

Ppp3r1; calcineurin subunit B type 1 [KO:K06268]

Ppp3r2; calcineurin subunit B type 2 [KO:K06268]

Grin1; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 isoform 1a precursor [KO:K05208]

Grin2a; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A precursor [KO:K05209]

Grin2b; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B precursor [KO:K05210]

Grin2c; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C [KO:K05211]

Grin2d; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D precursor [KO:K05212]

Cacna1c; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C [KO:K04850]

Calml5; calmodulin-like protein 5 [KO:K02183]

Calml3; calmodulin-like protein 3 [KO:K02183]

Calml4; calmodulin-like protein 4 [KO:K02183]

Calm1; calmodulin-1 [KO:K02183]

Calm3; calmodulin-3 [KO:K02183]

Calm2; calmodulin-2 [KO:K02183]

Crebbp; histone lysine acetyltransferase CREBBP [KO:K04498] [EC:2.3.1.48]

Ep300; histone acetyltransferase p300 isoform X1 [KO:K04498] [EC:2.3.1.48]

Atf4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374]

Camk4; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type IV [KO:K05869] [EC:2.7.11.17]

Hras; GTPase HRas [KO:K02833]

Hrasl1; HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase like 1 [KO:K02833]

Kras; GTPase KRas [KO:K07827]

Nras; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]

Araf; serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf isoform 1 [KO:K08845] [EC:2.7.11.1]

Braf; serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf isoform X2 [KO:K04365] [EC:2.7.11.1]

Raf1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]

Map2k1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]

Map2k2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]

Mapk1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]

Mapk3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]

Rps6ka1; ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-1 [KO:K04373] [EC:2.7.11.1]

Rps6ka2; ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-2 [KO:K04373] [EC:2.7.11.1]

Rps6ka3; ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-3 [KO:K04373] [EC:2.7.11.1]

Rps6ka6; ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-6 [KO:K04373] [EC:2.7.11.1]

Itpr1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform 3 [KO:K04958]

Itpr2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 [KO:K04959]

Itpr3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 [KO:K04960]

Prkca; protein kinase C alpha type [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]

Prkcb; protein kinase C beta type isoform 2 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]

Prkcg; protein kinase C gamma type [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]

Grm1; metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 isoform alpha precursor [KO:K04603]

Grm5; metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 precursor [KO:K04604]

Gnaq; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha [KO:K04634]

Plcb1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]

Plcb3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]

Plcb2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]

Plcb4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]

Compound

L-Glutamate

Calcium cation

Diacylglycerol

Magnesium cation

3',5'-Cyclic AMP

D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate

Sodium cation

Reference

Authors

Blitzer RD, Iyengar R, Landau EM.

Title

Postsynaptic signaling networks: cellular cogwheels underlying long-term plasticity.

Journal

Biol Psychiatry 57:113-9 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.02.031

Reference

Authors

Soderling TR, Derkach VA.

Title

Postsynaptic protein phosphorylation and LTP.

Journal

Trends Neurosci 23:75-80 (2000)
DOI:10.1016/S0166-2236(99)01490-3

Reference

Authors

Poser S, Storm DR.

Title

Role of Ca2+-stimulated adenylyl cyclases in LTP and memory formation.

Journal

Int J Dev Neurosci 19:387-94 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0736-5748(00)00094-0

Reference

Authors

Xia Z, Storm DR.

Title

The role of calmodulin as a signal integrator for synaptic plasticity.

Journal

Nat Rev Neurosci 6:267-76 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nrn1647

Reference

Authors

Purves D, Augustine GJ (ed).

Title

Neuroscience

Journal

Sunderland, Mass.:Sinauer Associates (2004)

Reference

Authors

Lynch MA.

Title

Long-term potentiation and memory.

Journal

Physiol Rev 84:87-136 (2004)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.00014.2003

Reference

Authors

Kelly PT, Mackinnon RL 2nd, Dietz RV, Maher BJ, Wang J.

Title

Postsynaptic IP3 receptor-mediated Ca2+ release modulates synaptic transmission in hippocampal neurons.

Journal

Brain Res Mol Brain Res 135:232-48 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.molbrainres.2004.12.018

Reference

Authors

Berridge MJ.

Title

Neuronal calcium signaling.

Journal

Neuron 21:13-26 (1998)
DOI:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80510-3

Related
pathway

MAPK signaling pathway

Calcium signaling pathway

Glutamatergic synapse

KO pathway

LinkDB

DBGET integrated database retrieval system