Entry
Name
Dopaminergic synapse - Rattus norvegicus (rat)
Description
Dopamine (DA) is an important and prototypical slow neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain, where it controls a variety of functions including locomotor activity, motivation and reward, learning and memory, and endocrine regulation. Once released from presynaptic axonal terminals, DA interacts with at least five receptor subtypes in the central nervous system (CNS), which have been divided into two groups: the D1-like receptors (D1Rs), comprising D1 and D5 receptors, both positively coupled to adenylyl cyclase and cAMP production, and the D2-like receptors (D2Rs), comprising D2, D3, and D4 receptors, whose activation results in inhibition of adenylyl cyclase and suppression of cAMP production. In addition, D1Rs and D2Rs modulate intracellular Ca2+ levels and a number of Ca2+ -dependent intracellular signaling processes. Through diverse cAMP- and Ca2+-dependent and - independent mechanisms, DA influences neuronal activity, synaptic plasticity, and behavior. Presynaptically localized D2Rs regulate synthesis and release of DA as the main autoreceptor of the dopaminergic system.
Class
Organismal Systems; Nervous system
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Other DBs
Organism
Rattus norvegicus (rat) [GN:
rno ]
Gene
25549 Slc18a2; synaptic vesicular amine transporter [KO:K08155 ]
25693 Slc18a1; chromaffin granule amine transporter [KO:K08155 ]
192349 Caly; neuron-specific vesicular protein calcyon [KO:K15493 ]
81666 Gnaq; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha [KO:K04634 ]
24654 Plcb1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
29322 Plcb3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
85240 Plcb2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
25031 Plcb4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
25262 Itpr1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 isoform 3 [KO:K04958 ]
81678 Itpr2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 [KO:K04959 ]
25679 Itpr3; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 [KO:K04960 ]
25400 Camk2a; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha [KO:K04515 ] [EC:2.7.11.17 ]
24246 Camk2d; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta [KO:K04515 ] [EC:2.7.11.17 ]
24245 Camk2b; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta isoform 2 [KO:K04515 ] [EC:2.7.11.17 ]
171140 Camk2g; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma [KO:K04515 ] [EC:2.7.11.17 ]
24675 Ppp3cb; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
171378 Ppp3cc; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit gamma isoform [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
24896 Gnas; SCG6 (secretogranin VI) isoform SCG6 precursor [KO:K04632 ]
24611 Gnal; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha [KO:K04633 ]
81646 Creb1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 isoform A [KO:K05870 ]
81647 Atf2; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 [KO:K04450 ]
79255 Atf4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374 ]
310616 Creb3l4; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 4 isoform 1 [KO:K09048 ]
362165 Creb3l1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 1 [KO:K09048 ]
362339 Creb3l2; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 2 [KO:K09048 ]
314638 Creb3l3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 3 [KO:K09048 ]
500131 Creb5; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 5 [KO:K09047 ]
406169 Atf6b; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 beta [KO:K09049 ]
360616 Ppp1r1b; protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 1B [KO:K15494 ]
24668 Ppp1ca; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-alpha catalytic subunit [KO:K06269 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
24669 Ppp1cc; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-gamma catalytic subunit isoform 1 [KO:K06269 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
25594 Ppp1cb; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-beta catalytic subunit [KO:K06269 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
81574 Scn1a; sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha [KO:K04833 ]
24239 Cacna1c; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C [KO:K04850 ]
29716 Cacna1d; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D [KO:K04851 ]
25398 Cacna1a; voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A [KO:K04344 ]
257648 Cacna1b; voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B isoform 1 [KO:K04849 ]
50599 Kcnj3; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 1 [KO:K04997 ]
25743 Kcnj6; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 2 isoform 1 [KO:K05000 ]
116560 Kcnj9; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 3 [KO:K05002 ]
29713 Kcnj5; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 4 [KO:K04999 ]
25686 Gnai1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630 ]
25643 Gnai3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-3 [KO:K04630 ]
81664 Gnai2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630 ]
50664 Gnao1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha isoform B [KO:K04534 ]
24400 Gnb1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 [KO:K04536 ]
81667 Gnb2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 [KO:K04537 ]
60449 Gnb3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3 [KO:K07825 ]
294962 Gnb4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 [KO:K04538 ]
83579 Gnb5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 [KO:K04539 ]
80850 Gng2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 [KO:K07826 ]
114117 Gng3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 [KO:K04540 ]
114118 Gng4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 [KO:K04541 ]
79218 Gng5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5 [KO:K04542 ]
58979 Gng7; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7 [KO:K04543 ]
245986 Gng8; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8 [KO:K04544 ]
114119 Gng10; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10 [KO:K04545 ]
64199 Gng11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-11 [KO:K04546 ]
114120 Gng12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 [KO:K04347 ]
685513 Gng14; putative guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-14 [KO:K04347 ]
685451 Gng13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-13 [KO:K04547 ]
680149 Gngt1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1 [KO:K04548 ]
690825 Gngt2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 [KO:K04549 ]
24318 Drd2; D(2) dopamine receptor isoform 1 [KO:K04145 ]
24672 Ppp2ca; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K04382 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
24673 Ppp2cb; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K04382 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
100362453 Ppp2cal1; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform-like [KO:K04382 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
117281 Ppp2r1a; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A alpha isoform [KO:K03456 ]
315648 Ppp2r1b; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A beta isoform [KO:K03456 ]
246255 Ppp2r2d; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B delta isoform [KO:K04354 ]
60660 Ppp2r2b; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B beta isoform isoform 1 [KO:K04354 ]
117256 Ppp2r2c; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B gamma isoform isoform 1 [KO:K04354 ]
117104 Ppp2r2a; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B alpha isoform [KO:K04354 ]
682033 Ppp2r3b; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit beta [KO:K11583 ]
362739 Ppp2r3c; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit gamma [KO:K11583 ]
363122 Ppp2r3a; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit alpha [KO:K11583 ]
309179 Ppp2r5b; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit beta isoform [KO:K11584 ]
691318 Ppp2r5c; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit gamma isoform isoform 4 [KO:K11584 ]
363193 Ppp2r5d; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit delta isoform [KO:K11584 ]
299147 Ppp2r5e; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit epsilon isoform [KO:K11584 ]
312754 Ppp2r5a; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 56 kDa regulatory subunit alpha isoform [KO:K11584 ]
24409 Grin2a; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A precursor [KO:K05209 ]
24410 Grin2b; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B precursor [KO:K05210 ]
50592 Gria1; glutamate receptor 1 precursor [KO:K05197 ]
29627 Gria2; glutamate receptor 2 isoform 2 precursor [KO:K05198 ]
29628 Gria3; glutamate receptor 3 isoform 2 precursor [KO:K05199 ]
29629 Gria4; glutamate receptor 4 isoform 2 precursor [KO:K05200 ]
60447 Clock; circadian locomoter output cycles protein kaput isoform 1 [KO:K02223 ] [EC:2.3.1.48 ]
29657 Bmal1; basic helix-loop-helix ARNT-like protein 1 [KO:K02296 ]
24898 Slc6a3; sodium-dependent dopamine transporter [KO:K05036 ]
Compound
C00355 3,4-Dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine
C01161 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetate
C01245 D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Beaulieu JM, Gainetdinov RR
Title
The physiology, signaling, and pharmacology of dopamine receptors.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Neve KA, Seamans JK, Trantham-Davidson H
Title
Dopamine receptor signaling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Surmeier DJ, Ding J, Day M, Wang Z, Shen W
Title
D1 and D2 dopamine-receptor modulation of striatal glutamatergic signaling in striatal medium spiny neurons.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Knab AM, Lightfoot JT
Title
Does the difference between physically active and couch potato lie in the dopamine system?
Journal
Reference
Authors
Greengard P, Allen PB, Nairn AC
Title
Beyond the dopamine receptor: the DARPP-32/protein phosphatase-1 cascade.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hu XT, Dong Y, Zhang XF, White FJ
Title
Dopamine D2 receptor-activated Ca2+ signaling modulates voltage-sensitive sodium currents in rat nucleus accumbens neurons.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Beaulieu JM, Gainetdinov RR, Caron MG
Title
The Akt-GSK-3 signaling cascade in the actions of dopamine.
Journal
Reference
Authors
De Mei C, Ramos M, Iitaka C, Borrelli E
Title
Getting specialized: presynaptic and postsynaptic dopamine D2 receptors.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Seamans JK, Yang CR
Title
The principal features and mechanisms of dopamine modulation in the prefrontal cortex.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Yao WD, Spealman RD, Zhang J
Title
Dopaminergic signaling in dendritic spines.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Li YC, Gao WJ
Title
GSK-3beta activity and hyperdopamine-dependent behaviors.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Tang TS, Bezprozvanny I
Title
Dopamine receptor-mediated Ca(2+) signaling in striatal medium spiny neurons.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Bergson C, Levenson R, Goldman-Rakic PS, Lidow MS
Title
Dopamine receptor-interacting proteins: the Ca(2+) connection in dopamine signaling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Missale C, Nash SR, Robinson SW, Jaber M, Caron MG
Title
Dopamine receptors: from structure to function.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Quaak M, van Schayck CP, Knaapen AM, van Schooten FJ
Title
Genetic variation as a predictor of smoking cessation success. A promising preventive and intervention tool for chronic respiratory diseases?
Journal
Related pathway
KO pathway
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