Entry
Name
African trypanosomiasis - Rattus norvegicus (rat)
Description
Trypanosoma brucei, the parasite responsible for African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness), are spread by the tsetse fly in sub-Saharan Africa. The parasites are able to pass through the blood-brain barrier and cause neurological damage by inducing cytokines like TNF alpha, IFN gamma, and IL1. These cytokines and other metabolites such as nitric oxide and somnogenic prostaglandin D2 disturb circadian rhythms in patients with African trypanosomiasis.
Class
Human Diseases; Infectious disease: parasitic
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Organism
Rattus norvegicus (rat) [GN:
rno ]
Gene
301059 Myd88; myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 [KO:K04729 ]
25087 Kng2l1; kininogen-1 isoform 1 precursor [KO:K03898 ]
24602 Nppa; natriuretic peptides A precursor [KO:K12334 ]
25081 Apoa1; apolipoprotein A-I preproprotein [KO:K08757 ]
361619 Hbb-b1; hemoglobin, beta adult major chain [KO:K13823 ]
84405 Il12a; interleukin-12 subunit alpha precursor [KO:K05406 ]
64546 Il12b; interleukin-12 subunit beta precursor [KO:K05425 ]
25385 Faslg; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 [KO:K04389 ]
246097 Fas; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 precursor [KO:K04390 ]
25361 Vcam1; vascular cell adhesion protein 1 precursor [KO:K06527 ]
25464 Icam1; intercellular adhesion molecule 1 precursor [KO:K06490 ]
116677 F2rl1; proteinase-activated receptor 2 precursor [KO:K04234 ]
81666 Gnaq; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha [KO:K04634 ]
24654 Plcb1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
29322 Plcb3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
85240 Plcb2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
25031 Plcb4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 [KO:K05858 ] [EC:3.1.4.11 ]
Compound
C01245 D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Antoine-Moussiaux N, Buscher P, Desmecht D
Title
Host-parasite interactions in trypanosomiasis: on the way to an antidisease strategy.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Enanga B, Burchmore RJ, Stewart ML, Barrett MP
Title
Sleeping sickness and the brain.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Bisser S, Ouwe-Missi-Oukem-Boyer ON, Toure FS, Taoufiq Z, Bouteille B, Buguet A, Mazier D
Title
Harbouring in the brain: A focus on immune evasion mechanisms and their deleterious effects in malaria and human African trypanosomiasis.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Masocha W, Rottenberg ME, Kristensson K
Title
Migration of African trypanosomes across the blood-brain barrier.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Lonsdale-Eccles JD, Grab DJ
Title
Trypanosome hydrolases and the blood-brain barrier.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Grab DJ, Kennedy PG
Title
Traversal of human and animal trypanosomes across the blood-brain barrier.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kristensson K, Nygard M, Bertini G, Bentivoglio M
Title
African trypanosome infections of the nervous system: parasite entry and effects on sleep and synaptic functions.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Pays E, Vanhollebeke B
Title
Human innate immunity against African trypanosomes.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Donelson JE, Hill KL, El-Sayed NM
Title
Multiple mechanisms of immune evasion by African trypanosomes.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Grab DJ, Garcia-Garcia JC, Nikolskaia OV, Kim YV, Brown A, Pardo CA, Zhang Y, Becker KG, Wilson BA, de A Lima AP, Scharfstein J, Dumler JS
Title
Protease activated receptor signaling is required for African trypanosome traversal of human brain microvascular endothelial cells.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Vanhollebeke B, Pays E
Title
The trypanolytic factor of human serum: many ways to enter the parasite, a single way to kill.
Journal
Related pathway
rno04610 Complement and coagulation cascades
rno04620 Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
KO pathway
LinkDB
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