Entry
Name
mTOR signaling pathway - Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog)
Description
The mammalian (mechanistic) target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a highly conserved serine/threonine protein kinase, which exists in two complexes termed mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and 2 (mTORC2). mTORC1 contains mTOR, Raptor, PRAS40, Deptor, mLST8, Tel2 and Tti1. mTORC1 is activated by the presence of growth factors, amino acids, energy status, stress and oxygen levels to regulate several biological processes, including lipid metabolism, autophagy, protein synthesis and ribosome biogenesis. On the other hand, mTORC2, which consists of mTOR, mSin1, Rictor, Protor, Deptor, mLST8, Tel2 and Tti1, responds to growth factors and controls cytoskeletal organization, metabolism and survival.
Class
Environmental Information Processing; Signal transduction
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Organism
Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog) [GN:
xla ]
Gene
100137626 tnfrsf1a.S; TNF receptor superfamily member 1A S homeolog precursor [KO:K03158 ]
100381153 dvl1.L; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-1 isoform X1 [KO:K02353 ]
108695427 deptor.S; DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein [KO:K20402 ]
108696066 tnfrsf1a.L; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A [KO:K03158 ]
108700015 mapkap1.S; target of rapamycin complex 2 subunit MAPKAP1 isoform X1 [KO:K20410 ]
108700855 strada.L; STE20-related kinase adapter protein alpha isoform X2 [KO:K08271 ]
108702036 deptorl.L; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein [KO:K20402 ]
108702559 strada.S; STE20-related kinase adapter protein alpha isoform X2 [KO:K08271 ]
108703515 lamtor4.S; ragulator complex protein LAMTOR4 isoform X2 [KO:K20399 ]
108704602 tti1.L; TELO2-interacting protein 1 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K20403 ]
108706884 pik3r2.S; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
108707287 slc38a9.S; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 9-like [KO:K14995 ]
108708655 eif4b.L; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4B isoform X1 [KO:K03258 ]
108713027 pik3r2.L; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
108717120 pik3cb.L; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
108718046 MGC89871.S; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E type 2 [KO:K03259 ]
108718090 pik3ca.S; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
108718190 pik3cb.S; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
108719396 deptor.L; DEP domain-containing mTOR-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K20402 ]
108720011 grb10.S; growth factor receptor-bound protein 10 isoform X1 [KO:K20064 ]
373722 lrp5.L; LDL receptor related protein 5 L homeolog precursor [KO:K03068 ]
373752 pik3ca.L; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
373826 lrp6.L; low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 [KO:K03068 ]
378787 fzd7.L; frizzled class receptor 7 L homeolog [KO:K02432 ]
379133 slc3a2.L; solute carrier family 3 (amino acid transporter heavy chain), member 2 L homeolog [KO:K06519 ]
379326 rhoc.L; ras homolog family member C L homeolog [KO:K04513 ]
379416 rhoa.L; ras homolog family member A L homeolog [KO:K04513 ]
379457 atp6v1e1.L; ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal 31kDa, V1 subunit E1 L homeolog [KO:K02150 ]
379481 ddit4.S; DNA damage-inducible transcript 4 protein [KO:K08270 ]
379557 lamtor3.L; ragulator complex protein LAMTOR3-B [KO:K04370 ]
379741 lamtor2.S; ragulator complex protein LAMTOR2-B [KO:K20398 ]
379794 nprl2.S; NPR2 like, GATOR1 complex subunit S homeolog [KO:K20405 ]
379796 atp6v1al.L; ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal 70kDa, V1 subunit A like L homeolog [KO:K02145 ] [EC:7.1.2.2 ]
379890 lamtor1.S; ragulator complex protein LAMTOR1 [KO:K20397 ]
379938 slc3a2.S; solute carrier family 3, member 2 [KO:K06519 ]
379991 map2k1.L; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368 ] [EC:2.7.12.2 ]
380128 atp6v1g1.S; ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal 13kDa, V1 subunit G1 S homeolog [KO:K02152 ]
380133 rhoa.2.S; ras homolog gene family, member A, gene 2 S homeolog [KO:K04513 ]
380134 sec13.S; SEC13 homolog, nuclear pore and COPII coat complex component S homeolog [KO:K14004 ]
380158 mapkap1.L; target of rapamycin complex 2 subunit MAPKAP1 [KO:K20410 ]
380186 rheb.L; Ras homolog, mTORC1 binding L homeolog [KO:K07208 ]
380305 atp6v1b2.S; ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal 56/58kDa, V1 subunit B2 S homeolog [KO:K02147 ]
380570 lamtor3-like.L; ragulator complex protein LAMTOR3-A [KO:K04370 ]
387605 fzd10.S; frizzled class receptor 10 S homeolog precursor [KO:K02842 ]
397706 wnt4.L; protein Wnt-4 isoform 2 precursor [KO:K00408 ]
397771 kras.L; kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog L homeolog [KO:K07827 ]
398836 nprl3.L; NPR3-like, GATOR1 complex subunit L homeolog [KO:K20406 ]
398852 atp6v1f.L; V-type proton ATPase subunit F [KO:K02151 ]
398895 mlst8.L; target of rapamycin complex subunit lst8 [KO:K08266 ]
398903 cab39l.L; calcium binding protein 39 like L homeolog [KO:K08272 ]
398978 slc7a5.L; solute carrier family 7, member 5 b [KO:K13780 ]
399172 prkaa2.S; protein kinase, AMP-activated, alpha 2 catalytic subunit S homeolog [KO:K07198 ] [EC:2.7.11.31 ]
399202 pik3r1.S; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha [KO:K02649 ]
399255 eif4e1b.S; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E [KO:K03259 ]
399301 dvl2.L; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-2 [KO:K02353 ]
399367 fzd8.S; frizzled class receptor 8 S homeolog precursor [KO:K02375 ]
399406 hras.L; Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog L homeolog [KO:K02833 ]
399458 grb2.L; growth factor receptor-bound protein 2-A [KO:K04364 ]
403358 atp6v1f.S; uncharacterized protein LOC403358 [KO:K02151 ]
414469 tbc1d7.L; TBC1 domain family member 7 L homeolog [KO:K20396 ]
431814 akt1s1.S; AKT1 substrate 1 (proline rich) S homeolog [KO:K16184 ]
432061 lamtor5.S; ragulator complex protein LAMTOR5 [KO:K16344 ]
432200 ikbkb.L; inhibitor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells, kinase beta L homeolog [KO:K07209 ] [EC:2.7.11.10 ]
432219 cab39.L; calcium binding protein 39 L homeolog [KO:K08272 ]
443621 telo2.L; telomere length regulation protein TEL2 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K11137 ]
443816 rraga.S; Ras-related GTP binding A S homeolog [KO:K16185 ]
443964 pik3r1.L; phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1 L homeolog [KO:K02649 ]
444095 grb2.S; growth factor receptor-bound protein 2-B [KO:K04364 ]
444527 dvl3.L; segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-3 [KO:K02353 ]
445831 clip1.S; CAP-Gly domain-containing linker protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K10421 ]
446432 castor1.L; cytosolic arginine sensor for mTORC1 subunit 1 L homeolog [KO:K23080 ]
446578 castor2.L; cytosolic arginine sensor for mTORC1 subunit 2 [KO:K23081 ]
446786 pik3r3.S; phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 3 S homeolog [KO:K02649 ]
446845 atp6v1d.L; ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal 34kDa, V1 subunit D L homeolog [KO:K02149 ]
447594 pik3r3.L; phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 3 L homeolog [KO:K02649 ]
494731 clip1.L; CAP-Gly domain-containing linker protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K10421 ]
494825 lamtor2.L; ragulator complex protein LAMTOR2-A [KO:K20398 ]
495007 fzd6.S; frizzled class receptor 6 S homeolog precursor [KO:K02376 ]
495075 akt1s1.L; uncharacterized protein LOC495075 [KO:K16184 ]
495092 atp6v1c1.L; V-type proton ATPase subunit C 1 [KO:K02148 ]
495258 rragc.S; Ras related GTP binding C S homeolog [KO:K16186 ]
495264 atp6v1g3.L; V-type proton ATPase subunit G 3 [KO:K02152 ]
495290 prkaa1.L; protein kinase, AMP-activated, alpha 1 catalytic subunit L homeolog [KO:K07198 ] [EC:2.7.11.31 ]
496352 deptorl.S; DEP domain containing MTOR interacting protein like S homeolog [KO:K20402 ]
734259 eif4e.L; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E L homeolog [KO:K03259 ]
734359 atp6v1h.L; ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal 50/57kDa, V1 subunit H L homeolog [KO:K02144 ]
734605 eif4e2.L; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E family member 2 L homeolog [KO:K03259 ]
734669 MGC89871.L; uncharacterized protein LOC734669 [KO:K03259 ]
734901 skp2.L; S-phase kinase-associated protein 2, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase L homeolog [KO:K03875 ]
734908 slc7a5.S; solute carrier family 7 member 5 S homeolog [KO:K13780 ]
779272 atp6v1b1.L; ATPase H+ transporting V1 subunit B1 L homeolog [KO:K02147 ]
Compound
C05981 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Kennedy BK, Lamming DW
Title
The Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin: The Grand ConducTOR of Metabolism and Aging.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Shimobayashi M, Hall MN
Title
Making new contacts: the mTOR network in metabolism and signalling crosstalk.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Huang K, Fingar DC
Title
Growing knowledge of the mTOR signaling network.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Bockaert J, Marin P
Title
mTOR in Brain Physiology and Pathologies.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Caron A, Richard D, Laplante M
Title
The Roles of mTOR Complexes in Lipid Metabolism.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Shimobayashi M, Hall MN
Title
Multiple amino acid sensing inputs to mTORC1.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Bar-Peled L, Sabatini DM
Title
Regulation of mTORC1 by amino acids.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Fingar DC
Title
Rag Ubiquitination Recruits a GATOR1: Attenuation of Amino Acid-Induced mTORC1 Signaling.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Cai H, Dong LQ, Liu F
Title
Recent Advances in Adipose mTOR Signaling and Function: Therapeutic Prospects.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Eyre TA, Collins GP, Goldstone AH, Cwynarski K
Title
Time now to TORC the TORC? New developments in mTOR pathway inhibition in lymphoid malignancies.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Jewell JL, Guan KL
Title
Nutrient signaling to mTOR and cell growth.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Wood TL, Bercury KK, Cifelli SE, Mursch LE, Min J, Dai J, Macklin WB
Title
mTOR: a link from the extracellular milieu to transcriptional regulation of oligodendrocyte development.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kim SG, Buel GR, Blenis J
Title
Nutrient regulation of the mTOR complex 1 signaling pathway.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Laplante M, Sabatini DM
Title
mTOR signaling at a glance.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Alessi DR, Sakamoto K, Bayascas JR
Title
LKB1-dependent signaling pathways.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Dan HC, Antonia RJ, Baldwin AS
Title
PI3K/Akt promotes feedforward mTORC2 activation through IKKalpha.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Saxton RA, Sabatini DM
Title
mTOR Signaling in Growth, Metabolism, and Disease.
Journal
Related pathway
xla04810 Regulation of actin cytoskeleton
KO pathway