KEGG   PATHWAY: xla04520
Entry
xla04520                    Pathway                                
Name
Adherens junction - Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog)
Description
Cell-cell adherens junctions (AJs), the most common type of intercellular adhesions, are important for maintaining tissue architecture and cell polarity and can limit cell movement and proliferation. At AJs, E-cadherin serves as an essential cell adhesion molecules (CAMs). The cytoplasmic tail binds beta-catenin, which in turn binds alpha-catenin. Alpha-catenin is associated with F-actin bundles directly and indirectly. The integrity of the cadherin-catenin complex is negatively regulated by phosphorylation of beta-catenin by receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases (Fer, Fyn, Yes, and Src), which leads to dissociation of the cadherin-catenin complex. Integrity of this complex is positively regulated by beta -catenin phosphorylation by casein kinase II, and dephosphorylation by protein tyrosine phosphatases. Changes in the phosphorylation state of beta-catenin affect cell-cell adhesion, cell migration and the level of signaling beta-catenin. Wnt signaling acts as a positive regulator of beta-catenin by inhibiting beta-catenin degradation, which stabilizes beta-catenin, and causes its accumulation. Cadherin may acts as a negative regulator of signaling beta-catenin as it binds beta-catenin at the cell surface and thereby sequesters it from the nucleus. Nectins also function as CAMs at AJs, but are more highly concentrated at AJs than E-cadherin. Nectins transduce signals through Cdc42 and Rac, which reorganize the actin cytoskeleton, regulate the formation of AJs, and strengthen cell-cell adhesion.
Class
Cellular Processes; Cellular community - eukaryotes
Pathway map
xla04520  Adherens junction
xla04520

Other DBs
GO: 0005912
Organism
Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog) [GN:xla]
Gene
100036872  was.S; uncharacterized protein LOC100036872 [KO:K05747]
100037140  lmo7.S; uncharacterized protein LOC100037140 [KO:K06084]
100037214  was.L; WASP actin nucleation promoting factor L homeolog [KO:K05747]
100158430  insr.S; uncharacterized protein LOC100158430 [KO:K04527] [EC:2.7.10.1]
100190776  lmo7.L; LIM domain 7 protein L homeolog [KO:K06084]
100301953  rock2.S; uncharacterized protein LOC100301953 [KO:K17388] [EC:2.7.11.39]
100337595  actg1.S; actin, cytoplasmic type 5 [KO:K05692]
100337618  cdh1.S; cadherin-1 precursor [KO:K05689]
100380954  ptpn6.L; protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 6 L homeolog [KO:K05697] [EC:3.1.3.48]
100505446  [KO:K06531]
108695247  [KO:K05693] [EC:3.1.3.48]
108695261  rock1.S; rho-associated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04514] [EC:2.7.11.39]
108695600  myl12b.S; myosin regulatory light chain 2, smooth muscle minor isoform [KO:K12757]
108695677  fer.L; tyrosine-protein kinase Fer [KO:K08889] [EC:2.7.10.2]
108696044  [KO:K05697] [EC:3.1.3.48]
108696213  sorbs1.L; sorbin and SH3 domain-containing protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06086]
108696682  rasip1.L; ras-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K26417]
108696771  [KO:K05627]
108697104  myl2.L; myosin regulatory light chain 2, ventricular/cardiac muscle isoform [KO:K10351]
108697306  [KO:K04491]
108697335  ptpn6.S; tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6 [KO:K05697] [EC:3.1.3.48]
108697601  [KO:K06081]
108697660  cdc42.S; cell division control protein 42 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K04393]
108697751  rasip1.S; ras-interacting protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K26417]
108697814  [KO:K05627]
108698377  [KO:K06083]
108698568  csnk2b.L; casein kinase II subunit beta [KO:K03115]
108699169  nectin4.L; nectin-4 [KO:K06593]
108700078  [KO:K06083]
108700426  smad4.2.S; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 isoform X1 [KO:K04501]
108700453  nectin4.S; nectin-4 isoform X1 [KO:K06593]
108700774  erbb2.L; receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05083] [EC:2.7.10.1]
108700964  csnk2a1.L; casein kinase II subunit alpha-like isoform X1 [KO:K03097] [EC:2.7.11.1]
108700975  [KO:K07861]
108700988  baiap2.L; brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1-associated protein 2 isoform X7 [KO:K05627]
108701209  [KO:K04678] [EC:2.3.2.26]
108701251  heg1.L; protein HEG homolog 1 [KO:K24472]
108701718  [KO:K12758]
108702492  [KO:K05083] [EC:2.7.10.1]
108702592  [KO:K05707]
108702596  ptpn1.S; tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1 [KO:K05696] [EC:3.1.3.48]
108702704  baiap2.S; brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1-associated protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05627]
108702885  tgfbr2l.S; TGF-beta receptor type-2 [KO:K04388] [EC:2.7.11.30]
108703086  actb.S; actin, cytoplasmic 1 [KO:K05692]
108703087  smurf1.S; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase SMURF1-like isoform X1 [KO:K04678] [EC:2.3.2.26]
108703801  nlk.2.L; serine/threonine-protein kinase NLK2-like [KO:K04468] [EC:2.7.11.24]
108705262  [KO:K06086]
108706501  [KO:K05691]
108707219  fer.S; tyrosine-protein kinase Fer isoform X2 [KO:K08889] [EC:2.7.10.2]
108707339  smad4.S; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 [KO:K04501]
108707456  myl10.L; myosin regulatory light chain 2B, cardiac muscle isoform isoform X1 [KO:K12756]
108707831  nectin1l2.3.L; nectin-1 [KO:K06081]
108708116  nectin3.L; nectin-3 isoform X1 [KO:K06592]
108708712  wasf3.L; wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein family member 3 [KO:K06083]
108709092  [KO:K12756]
108709266  nectin1l2.1.S; nectin-3-like protein isoform X2 [KO:K06081]
108709267  nectin1l2.2.S; nectin-3-like protein [KO:K06081]
108709269  nectin1l1.S; nectin-1 [KO:K06081]
108709347  nlk.S; serine/threonine-protein kinase NLK [KO:K04468] [EC:2.7.11.24]
108709436  rhoc.S; rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoA-D [KO:K04513]
108709509  nectin3.S; nectin-3 [KO:K06592]
108709524  wasf2.S; wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein family member 2 [KO:K05748]
108709964  wasf3.S; wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein family member 3 [KO:K06083]
108710831  ctnna1.L; catenin alpha-1 [KO:K05691]
108711100  ptprb.L; receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase beta isoform X1 [KO:K05694] [EC:3.1.3.48]
108711478  igf1r.L; insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor isoform X1 [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
108711716  [KO:K06085]
108712362  met.S; hepatocyte growth factor receptor [KO:K05099] [EC:2.7.10.1]
108712731  myl7.S; myosin regulatory light chain 2, atrial isoform [KO:K12754]
108712801  smad3.S; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 [KO:K23605]
108712948  [KO:K05701]
108713094  wasl.S; neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein isoform X2 [KO:K23612]
108713150  [KO:K05694] [EC:3.1.3.48]
108713157  [KO:K07836]
108713433  [KO:K05698] [EC:3.1.3.48]
108714050  cdh5.L; cadherin-5 isoform X1 [KO:K06533]
108714071  cdh1.L; cadherin-1-like [KO:K05689]
108714378  arhgap29.L; rho GTPase-activating protein 29 isoform X1 [KO:K20644]
108714480  ep300.L; histone acetyltransferase p300 isoform X1 [KO:K04498] [EC:2.3.1.48]
108715394  cdh5.S; cadherin-5 [KO:K06533]
108715461  csnk2a2.S; casein kinase II subunit alpha' isoform X1 [KO:K03097] [EC:2.7.11.1]
108715545  ptprf.S; receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase F isoform X8 [KO:K05695] [EC:3.1.3.48]
108715729  ep300.S; histone acetyltransferase p300 isoform X1 [KO:K04498] [EC:2.3.1.48]
108715797  [KO:K07860]
108715815  rhoa.S; transforming protein RhoA [KO:K04513]
108716223  farp2.L; FERM, ARHGEF and pleckstrin domain-containing protein 2 [KO:K06082]
108716834  wasf1.L; wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein family member 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05753]
108717025  pdcd10.L; programmed cell death protein 10 [KO:K18269]
108718459  [KO:K26416]
108718759  pard3.L; partitioning defective 3 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K04237]
108718835  krit1.L; krev interaction trapped protein 1 [KO:K17705]
108718935  tgfbr2.L; TGF-beta receptor type-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04388] [EC:2.7.11.30]
108719029  [KO:K04674] [EC:2.7.11.30]
108719201  [KO:K05693] [EC:3.1.3.48]
108719215  rock1.L; rho-associated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04514] [EC:2.7.11.39]
108719796  ccm2.S; cerebral cavernous malformations 2 protein isoform X2 [KO:K26416]
108719963  tgfbr2.S; TGF-beta receptor type-2 [KO:K04388] [EC:2.7.11.30]
108719997  egfr.S; epidermal growth factor receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04361] [EC:2.7.10.1]
373551  met.L; MET proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase L homeolog precursor [KO:K05099] [EC:2.7.10.1]
373609  fyn.L; tyrosine-protein kinase Fyn [KO:K05703] [EC:2.7.10.2]
373647  src.S; tyrosine-protein kinase Src-1 [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
373770  vcl.S; vinculin isoform X2 [KO:K05700]
373795  crebbp.S; CREB-binding protein [KO:K04498] [EC:2.3.1.48]
373815  tgfbr2l.L; TGF-beta receptor type-2 [KO:K04388] [EC:2.7.11.30]
378633  smad3.L; SMAD family member 3 L homeolog [KO:K23605]
378647  acp1.S; acid phosphatase 1 S homeolog isoform a [KO:K14394] [EC:3.1.3.2 3.1.3.48]
379055  cdc42.L; cell division cycle 42 L homeolog [KO:K04393]
379326  rhoc.L; ras homolog family member C L homeolog [KO:K04513]
379399  map3k7.S; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 S homeolog [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
379416  rhoa.L; ras homolog family member A L homeolog [KO:K04513]
379440  snai2.L; zinc finger protein SNAI2 [KO:K05706]
379615  snai1.S; protein snail homolog Sna [KO:K05707]
379629  yes1.L; tyrosine-protein kinase Yes [KO:K05705] [EC:2.7.10.2]
379812  fyn.S; proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase fyn [KO:K05703] [EC:2.7.10.2]
379883  rap1b.L; ras-related protein Rap-1b [KO:K07836]
379916  pdcd10.S; programmed cell death protein 10 [KO:K18269]
380007  mylc2a; myosin light chain, regulatory A [KO:K12754]
380133  rhoa.2.S; ras homolog gene family, member A, gene 2 S homeolog [KO:K04513]
380430  src.L; tyrosine-protein kinase Src-2 [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
380441  ctnnb1.S; catenin beta 1 S homeolog [KO:K02105]
380472  myl12b.L; myosin light chain 12B L homeolog [KO:K12757]
394281  tcf7l1.S; transcription factor 7-like 1-B [KO:K04490]
394289  rock2.L; Rho-associated, coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2 L homeolog [KO:K17388] [EC:2.7.11.39]
394290  cdh3.S; EP-cadherin precursor [KO:K05689]
397782  xfgfra2; fibroblast growth factor receptor precursor [KO:K04362] [EC:2.7.10.1]
397785  mapk1.L; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
397863  tcf7l1.L; transcription factor 7-like 1-A [KO:K04490]
398006  insr.L; insulin receptor precursor [KO:K04527] [EC:2.7.10.1]
398022  igf1r.S; insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor precursor [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
398131  smurf1.L; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase SMURF1 [KO:K04678] [EC:2.3.2.26]
398160  ptprf.L; protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type F L homeolog precursor [KO:K05695] [EC:3.1.3.48]
398235  snai2.S; snail family zinc finger 2 S homeolog [KO:K05706]
398238  lef1.L; lymphoid enhancer binding factor 1 L homeolog [KO:K04492]
398295  nlk.2.S; serine/threonine-protein kinase NLK2 [KO:K04468] [EC:2.7.11.24]
398372  smurf2.S; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase SMURF2 [KO:K04678] [EC:2.3.2.26]
398459  actb.L; actin, cytoplasmic 1 [KO:K05692]
398490  ctnnd1.L; catenin delta-1 [KO:K05690]
398589  iqgap1.L; IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1 L homeolog [KO:K16848]
398658  tcf7.S; transcription factor 7 S homeolog [KO:K02620]
398985  mapk1.S; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
399164  tcf7l2.L; transcription factor 7-like 2 [KO:K04491]
399251  mylpf.L; myosin light chain, phosphorylatable, fast skeletal muscle L homeolog [KO:K12758]
399274  ctnnb1.L; catenin beta-1 [KO:K02105]
399295  tgfbr1.S; transforming growth factor beta receptor I S homeolog precursor [KO:K04674] [EC:2.7.11.30]
399303  ctnna1.S; catenin alpha 1 S homeolog [KO:K05691]
399319  csnk2a1.S; casein kinase II subunit alpha [KO:K03097] [EC:2.7.11.1]
399320  csnk2b.S; casein kinase II subunit beta [KO:K03115]
399379  rac3.S; Rac family small GTPase 3 S homeolog [KO:K04392]
399422  actn1.L; actinin alpha 1 L homeolog [KO:K05699]
399444  fgfr1.L; fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 L homeolog precursor [KO:K04362] [EC:2.7.10.1]
399459  map3k7.L; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 L homeolog [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
403356  smad4.2.L; SMAD family member 4, gene 2 L homeolog 2 [KO:K04501]
414290  rap1a.S; RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family S homeolog [KO:K04353]
414522  nlk.L; nemo-like kinase L homeolog [KO:K04468] [EC:2.7.11.24]
431833  ssx2ip.S; afadin- and alpha-actinin-binding protein A [KO:K06085]
431885  actn1.S; uncharacterized protein LOC431885 [KO:K05699]
431898  wasl.L; WASP like actin nucleation promoting factor L homeolog [KO:K23612]
431921  ssx2ip.L; afadin- and alpha-actinin-binding protein B [KO:K06085]
432180  csnk2a2.L; casein kinase 2 alpha 2 L homeolog [KO:K03097] [EC:2.7.11.1]
444184  rac2.L; Rac family small GTPase 2 L homeolog [KO:K07860]
444443  pard3.S; par-3 family cell polarity regulator S homeolog [KO:K04237]
444514  ptpn1.L; protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 1 L homeolog [KO:K05696] [EC:3.1.3.48]
444710  ctnna2.L; catenin alpha-2 [KO:K05691]
444717  wasf1.S; WASP family member 1 S homeolog [KO:K05753]
445857  [KO:K16848]
446235  arhgap29.S; Rho GTPase activating protein 29 S homeolog [KO:K20644]
446851  myl9.L; myosin light chain 9 L homeolog [KO:K12755]
446865  actn4.S; actinin alpha 4 S homeolog [KO:K05699]
447131  myl2.S; myosin light chain 2 S homeolog [KO:K10351]
447468  nectin2.L; nectin cell adhesion molecule 2 L homeolog precursor [KO:K06081]
447704  myl9.S; myosin light chain 9 S homeolog [KO:K12755]
494856  nectin1.L; nectin-1 isoform X2 [KO:K06081]
495689  crebbp.L; CREB binding protein L homeolog [KO:K04498] [EC:2.3.1.48]
496027  acp1.L; acid phosphatase 1 L homeolog [KO:K14394] [EC:3.1.3.2 3.1.3.48]
496307  tjp1.S; tight junction protein ZO-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05701]
496308  afdn.L; afadin [KO:K05702]
496335  afdn.S; afadin isoform X1 [KO:K05702]
594865  cdh3.L; blastomere cadherin [KO:K05689]
724072  egfr.L; epidermal growth factor receptor isoform X1 [KO:K04361] [EC:2.7.10.1]
733146  wasf2.L; wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein family member 2 [KO:K05748]
733265  wasll.S; neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein [KO:K05747]
734382  rac1.L; Rac family small GTPase 1 L homeolog [KO:K04392]
734720  MGC115231; uncharacterized protein LOC734720 [KO:K05705] [EC:2.7.10.2]
734918  actg1.L; actin, cytoplasmic type 8 [KO:K05692]
734930  actn4.L; uncharacterized protein LOC734930 [KO:K05699]
734998  farp2.S; FERM, ARH/RhoGEF and pleckstrin domain protein 2 S homeolog [KO:K06082]
779101  lef1.S; lymphoid enhancer binding factor 1 S homeolog [KO:K04492]
779127  rap1a.L; RAP1A, member of RAS oncogene family L homeolog [KO:K04353]
780764  smad4.L; SMAD family member 4, gene 1 L homeolog [KO:K04501]
Reference
PMID:15001769
  Authors
Nelson WJ, Nusse R.
  Title
Convergence of Wnt, beta-catenin, and cadherin pathways.
  Journal
Science 303:1483-7 (2004)
DOI:10.1126/science.1094291
Reference
PMID:10204118
  Authors
Potter E, Bergwitz C, Brabant G.
  Title
The cadherin-catenin system: implications for growth and differentiation of endocrine tissues.
  Journal
Endocr Rev 20:207-39 (1999)
DOI:10.1210/edrv.20.2.0362
Reference
PMID:10959047
  Authors
Beavon IR.
  Title
The E-cadherin-catenin complex in tumour metastasis: structure, function and regulation.
  Journal
Eur J Cancer 36:1607-20 (2000)
DOI:10.1016/S0959-8049(00)00158-1
Reference
PMID:15489912
  Authors
Reynolds AB, Roczniak-Ferguson A.
  Title
Emerging roles for p120-catenin in cell adhesion and cancer.
  Journal
Oncogene 23:7947-56 (2004)
DOI:10.1038/sj.onc.1208161
Reference
PMID:11171368
  Authors
Angst BD, Marcozzi C, Magee AI.
  Title
The cadherin superfamily: diversity in form and function.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 114:629-41 (2001)
Reference
PMID:11984870
  Authors
Lilien J, Balsamo J, Arregui C, Xu G.
  Title
Turn-off, drop-out: functional state switching of cadherins.
  Journal
Dev Dyn 224:18-29 (2002)
DOI:10.1002/dvdy.10087
Reference
PMID:12640114
  Authors
Piedra J, Miravet S, Castano J, Palmer HG, Heisterkamp N, Garcia de Herreros A, Dunach M.
  Title
p120 Catenin-associated Fer and Fyn tyrosine kinases regulate beta-catenin Tyr-142 phosphorylation and beta-catenin-alpha-catenin Interaction.
  Journal
Mol Cell Biol 23:2287-97 (2003)
DOI:10.1128/MCB.23.7.2287-2297.2003
Reference
PMID:14623871
  Authors
Conacci-Sorrell M, Simcha I, Ben-Yedidia T, Blechman J, Savagner P, Ben-Ze'ev A.
  Title
Autoregulation of E-cadherin expression by cadherin-cadherin interactions: the roles of beta-catenin signaling, Slug, and MAPK.
  Journal
J Cell Biol 163:847-57 (2003)
DOI:10.1083/jcb.200308162
Reference
PMID:11703922
  Authors
Ciruna B, Rossant J.
  Title
FGF signaling regulates mesoderm cell fate specification and morphogenetic movement at the primitive streak.
  Journal
Dev Cell 1:37-49 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S1534-5807(01)00017-X
Reference
PMID:12665527
  Authors
Peinado H, Quintanilla M, Cano A.
  Title
Transforming growth factor beta-1 induces snail transcription factor in epithelial cell lines: mechanisms for epithelial mesenchymal transitions.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 278:21113-23 (2003)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M211304200
Reference
PMID:10890911
  Authors
Labbe E, Letamendia A, Attisano L.
  Title
Association of Smads with lymphoid enhancer binding factor 1/T cell-specific factor mediates cooperative signaling by the transforming growth factor-beta and wnt pathways.
  Journal
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97:8358-63 (2000)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.150152697
Reference
PMID:15551862
  Authors
Nakanishi H, Takai Y.
  Title
Roles of nectins in cell adhesion, migration and polarization.
  Journal
Biol Chem 385:885-92 (2004)
DOI:10.1515/BC.2004.116
Reference
PMID:15561584
  Authors
Irie K, Shimizu K, Sakisaka T, Ikeda W, Takai Y.
  Title
Roles and modes of action of nectins in cell-cell adhesion.
  Journal
Semin Cell Dev Biol 15:643-56 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.semcdb.2004.09.002
Related
pathway
xla04010  MAPK signaling pathway
xla04060  Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
xla04310  Wnt signaling pathway
xla04350  TGF-beta signaling pathway
xla04530  Tight junction
xla04810  Regulation of actin cytoskeleton
KO pathway
ko04520   

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