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Postoperative cognitive dysfunction

MedGen UID:
1663569
•Concept ID:
C4721773
•
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Synonyms: Cognitive Complication, Postoperative; Cognitive Decline, Postoperative; Cognitive Dysfunction, Postoperative; Complication, Postoperative Cognitive; Decline, Postoperative Cognitive; Dysfunction, Postoperative Cognitive; Postoperative Cognitive Complication; Postoperative Cognitive Complications; Postoperative Cognitive Decline; Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction
SNOMED CT: POCD - postoperative cognitive dysfunction (771417007); Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (771417007); Cognitive dysfunction following surgical procedure (771417007)

Definition

COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT or functional decline after a surgical procedure. [from MeSH]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVPostoperative cognitive dysfunction

Professional guidelines

PubMed

The Management of Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction in Cirrhotic Patients: An Overview of the Literature.
Ingustu DG, Pavel B, Paltineanu SI, Mihai DI, Cotorogea-Simion M, Martac C, Florescu MM, Cobilinschi C, Isac S, Droc G
Medicina (Kaunas) 2023 Feb 26;59(3) doi: 10.3390/medicina59030465. PMID: 36984466Free PMC Article
Postoperative delirium: perioperative assessment, risk reduction, and management.
Jin Z, Hu J, Ma D
Br J Anaesth 2020 Oct;125(4):492-504. Epub 2020 Aug 11 doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2020.06.063. PMID: 32798069
The influence of anesthesia and pain management on cognitive dysfunction after joint arthroplasty: a systematic review.
Zywiel MG, Prabhu A, Perruccio AV, Gandhi R
Clin Orthop Relat Res 2014 May;472(5):1453-66. doi: 10.1007/s11999-013-3363-2. PMID: 24186470Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Postoperative delirium: perioperative assessment, risk reduction, and management.
Jin Z, Hu J, Ma D
Br J Anaesth 2020 Oct;125(4):492-504. Epub 2020 Aug 11 doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2020.06.063. PMID: 32798069
Anesthesiology and cognitive impairment: a narrative review of current clinical literature.
Belrose JC, Noppens RR
BMC Anesthesiol 2019 Dec 27;19(1):241. doi: 10.1186/s12871-019-0903-7. PMID: 31881996Free PMC Article
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction - current preventive strategies.
Kotekar N, Shenkar A, Nagaraj R
Clin Interv Aging 2018;13:2267-2273. Epub 2018 Nov 8 doi: 10.2147/CIA.S133896. PMID: 30519008Free PMC Article
Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction and Noncardiac Surgery.
Evered LA, Silbert BS
Anesth Analg 2018 Aug;127(2):496-505. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000003514. PMID: 29889707
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction and dementia: what we need to know and do.
Needham MJ, Webb CE, Bryden DC
Br J Anaesth 2017 Dec 1;119(suppl_1):i115-i125. doi: 10.1093/bja/aex354. PMID: 29161395

Diagnosis

Association of Delirium With Long-term Cognitive Decline: A Meta-analysis.
Goldberg TE, Chen C, Wang Y, Jung E, Swanson A, Ing C, Garcia PS, Whittington RA, Moitra V
JAMA Neurol 2020 Nov 1;77(11):1373-1381. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.2273. PMID: 32658246Free PMC Article
The potential mechanism of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in older people.
Lin X, Chen Y, Zhang P, Chen G, Zhou Y, Yu X
Exp Gerontol 2020 Feb;130:110791. Epub 2019 Nov 23 doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2019.110791. PMID: 31765741
Recommendations for the nomenclature of cognitive change associated with anaesthesia and surgery-2018.
Evered L, Silbert B, Knopman DS, Scott DA, DeKosky ST, Rasmussen LS, Oh ES, Crosby G, Berger M, Eckenhoff RG; Nomenclature Consensus Working Group
Br J Anaesth 2018 Nov;121(5):1005-1012. Epub 2018 Jun 15 doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2017.11.087. PMID: 30336844Free PMC Article
Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction and Noncardiac Surgery.
Evered LA, Silbert BS
Anesth Analg 2018 Aug;127(2):496-505. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000003514. PMID: 29889707
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction and dementia: what we need to know and do.
Needham MJ, Webb CE, Bryden DC
Br J Anaesth 2017 Dec 1;119(suppl_1):i115-i125. doi: 10.1093/bja/aex354. PMID: 29161395

Therapy

Epigenetic Mechanisms of Postoperative Cognitive Impairment Induced by Anesthesia and Neuroinflammation.
Rump K, Adamzik M
Cells 2022 Sep 21;11(19) doi: 10.3390/cells11192954. PMID: 36230916Free PMC Article
Neuroinflammation and Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorders.
Subramaniyan S, Terrando N
Anesth Analg 2019 Apr;128(4):781-788. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000004053. PMID: 30883423Free PMC Article
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction - current preventive strategies.
Kotekar N, Shenkar A, Nagaraj R
Clin Interv Aging 2018;13:2267-2273. Epub 2018 Nov 8 doi: 10.2147/CIA.S133896. PMID: 30519008Free PMC Article
Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction and Noncardiac Surgery.
Evered LA, Silbert BS
Anesth Analg 2018 Aug;127(2):496-505. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000003514. PMID: 29889707
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction and dementia: what we need to know and do.
Needham MJ, Webb CE, Bryden DC
Br J Anaesth 2017 Dec 1;119(suppl_1):i115-i125. doi: 10.1093/bja/aex354. PMID: 29161395

Prognosis

Postoperative neurocognitive disorders.
Tasbihgou SR, Absalom AR
Korean J Anesthesiol 2021 Feb;74(1):15-22. Epub 2020 Jul 6 doi: 10.4097/kja.20294. PMID: 32623846Free PMC Article
Postoperative delirium: perioperative assessment, risk reduction, and management.
Jin Z, Hu J, Ma D
Br J Anaesth 2020 Oct;125(4):492-504. Epub 2020 Aug 11 doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2020.06.063. PMID: 32798069
Association of Delirium With Long-term Cognitive Decline: A Meta-analysis.
Goldberg TE, Chen C, Wang Y, Jung E, Swanson A, Ing C, Garcia PS, Whittington RA, Moitra V
JAMA Neurol 2020 Nov 1;77(11):1373-1381. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.2273. PMID: 32658246Free PMC Article
Recommendations for the nomenclature of cognitive change associated with anaesthesia and surgery-2018.
Evered L, Silbert B, Knopman DS, Scott DA, DeKosky ST, Rasmussen LS, Oh ES, Crosby G, Berger M, Eckenhoff RG; Nomenclature Consensus Working Group
Br J Anaesth 2018 Nov;121(5):1005-1012. Epub 2018 Jun 15 doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2017.11.087. PMID: 30336844Free PMC Article
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction.
Rundshagen I
Dtsch Arztebl Int 2014 Feb 21;111(8):119-25. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2014.0119. PMID: 24622758Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

The impact of regional versus general anesthesia on postoperative neurocognitive outcomes in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Bhushan S, Huang X, Duan Y, Xiao Z
Int J Surg 2022 Sep;105:106854. Epub 2022 Aug 27 doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2022.106854. PMID: 36031067
Postoperative delirium: perioperative assessment, risk reduction, and management.
Jin Z, Hu J, Ma D
Br J Anaesth 2020 Oct;125(4):492-504. Epub 2020 Aug 11 doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2020.06.063. PMID: 32798069
Association of Delirium With Long-term Cognitive Decline: A Meta-analysis.
Goldberg TE, Chen C, Wang Y, Jung E, Swanson A, Ing C, Garcia PS, Whittington RA, Moitra V
JAMA Neurol 2020 Nov 1;77(11):1373-1381. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.2273. PMID: 32658246Free PMC Article
Anesthesiology and cognitive impairment: a narrative review of current clinical literature.
Belrose JC, Noppens RR
BMC Anesthesiol 2019 Dec 27;19(1):241. doi: 10.1186/s12871-019-0903-7. PMID: 31881996Free PMC Article
Effects of propofol, dexmedetomidine, and midazolam on postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients: a randomized controlled preliminary trial.
Li WX, Luo RY, Chen C, Li X, Ao JS, Liu Y, Yin YQ
Chin Med J (Engl) 2019 Feb;132(4):437-445. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000098. PMID: 30707179Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Preventing postoperative cognitive dysfunction using anesthetic drugs in elderly patients undergoing noncardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Zeng K, Long J, Li Y, Hu J
Int J Surg 2023 Jan 1;109(1):21-31. doi: 10.1097/JS9.0000000000000001. PMID: 36799783Free PMC Article
The impact of regional versus general anesthesia on postoperative neurocognitive outcomes in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Bhushan S, Huang X, Duan Y, Xiao Z
Int J Surg 2022 Sep;105:106854. Epub 2022 Aug 27 doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2022.106854. PMID: 36031067
Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction and the Protective Effects of Enriched Environment: A Systematic Review.
Hua M, Min J
Neurodegener Dis 2020;20(4):113-122. Epub 2021 Feb 18 doi: 10.1159/000513196. PMID: 33601385
Association of Delirium With Long-term Cognitive Decline: A Meta-analysis.
Goldberg TE, Chen C, Wang Y, Jung E, Swanson A, Ing C, Garcia PS, Whittington RA, Moitra V
JAMA Neurol 2020 Nov 1;77(11):1373-1381. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.2273. PMID: 32658246Free PMC Article
Intravenous versus inhalational maintenance of anaesthesia for postoperative cognitive outcomes in elderly people undergoing non-cardiac surgery.
Miller D, Lewis SR, Pritchard MW, Schofield-Robinson OJ, Shelton CL, Alderson P, Smith AF
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 Aug 21;8(8):CD012317. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012317.pub2. PMID: 30129968Free PMC Article

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