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Autism, susceptibility to, 20(AUTS20)

MedGen UID:
1717195
Concept ID:
C5394226
Finding
Synonyms: AUTISM, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO, 20; AUTS20
 
Gene (location): NLGN1 (3q26.31)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0030004
OMIM®: 618830

Clinical features

From HPO
Global developmental delay
MedGen UID:
107838
Concept ID:
C0557874
Finding
A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age.
Compulsive behaviors
MedGen UID:
109373
Concept ID:
C0600104
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Behavior that consists of repetitive acts, characterized by the feeling that one "has to" perform them, while being aware that these acts are not in line with one's overall goal.
Autistic behavior
MedGen UID:
163547
Concept ID:
C0856975
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Persistent deficits in social interaction and communication and interaction as well as a markedly restricted repertoire of activity and interest as well as repetitive patterns of behavior.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
MedGen UID:
220387
Concept ID:
C1263846
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a behavioral disorder that typically begins in childhood and is characterized by a short attention span (inattention), an inability to be calm and stay still (hyperactivity), and poor impulse control (impulsivity). Some people with ADHD have problems with only inattention or with hyperactivity and impulsivity, but most have problems related to all three features.\n\nIn people with ADHD, the characteristic behaviors are frequent and severe enough to interfere with the activities of daily living such as school, work, and relationships with others. Because of an inability to stay focused on tasks, people with inattention may be easily distracted, forgetful, avoid tasks that require sustained attention, have difficulty organizing tasks, or frequently lose items.\n\nHyperactivity is usually shown by frequent movement. Individuals with this feature often fidget or tap their foot when seated, leave their seat when it is inappropriate to do so (such as in the classroom), or talk a lot and interrupt others.\n\nImpulsivity can result in hasty actions without thought for the consequences. Individuals with poor impulse control may have difficulty waiting for their turn, deferring to others, or considering their actions before acting.\n\nMore than two-thirds of all individuals with ADHD have additional conditions, including insomnia, mood or anxiety disorders, learning disorders, or substance use disorders. Affected individuals may also have autism spectrum disorder, which is characterized by impaired communication and social interaction, or Tourette syndrome, which is a disorder characterized by repetitive and involuntary movements or noises called tics.\n\nIn most affected individuals, ADHD continues throughout life, but in about one-third of individuals, signs and symptoms of ADHD go away by adulthood.
Reduced social reciprocity
MedGen UID:
868342
Concept ID:
C4022736
Finding
A reduced ability to participate in the back-and-forth flow of social interaction appropriate to culture and developmental level, which is normally characterized by an influence of the behavior of one person on the behavior of another person. This results in difficulty interacting with others through emotional, physical, or verbal communication.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Hu VW, Devlin CA, Debski JJ
Int J Mol Sci 2019 Aug 3;20(15) doi: 10.3390/ijms20153804. PMID: 31382655Free PMC Article
Chawner SJRA, Owen MJ, Holmans P, Raymond FL, Skuse D, Hall J, van den Bree MBM
Lancet Psychiatry 2019 Jun;6(6):493-505. Epub 2019 May 2 doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(19)30123-3. PMID: 31056457
Hanish AE, Cohen MZ, Starr LJ
J Spec Pediatr Nurs 2018 Apr;23(2):e12211. Epub 2018 Feb 23 doi: 10.1111/jspn.12211. PMID: 29473279

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Demontis D, Walters RK, Martin J, Mattheisen M, Als TD, Agerbo E, Baldursson G, Belliveau R, Bybjerg-Grauholm J, Bækvad-Hansen M, Cerrato F, Chambert K, Churchhouse C, Dumont A, Eriksson N, Gandal M, Goldstein JI, Grasby KL, Grove J, Gudmundsson OO, Hansen CS, Hauberg ME, Hollegaard MV, Howrigan DP, Huang H, Maller JB, Martin AR, Martin NG, Moran J, Pallesen J, Palmer DS, Pedersen CB, Pedersen MG, Poterba T, Poulsen JB, Ripke S, Robinson EB, Satterstrom FK, Stefansson H, Stevens C, Turley P, Walters GB, Won H, Wright MJ; ADHD Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC); Early Lifecourse & Genetic Epidemiology (EAGLE) Consortium; 23andMe Research Team, Andreassen OA, Asherson P, Burton CL, Boomsma DI, Cormand B, Dalsgaard S, Franke B, Gelernter J, Geschwind D, Hakonarson H, Haavik J, Kranzler HR, Kuntsi J, Langley K, Lesch KP, Middeldorp C, Reif A, Rohde LA, Roussos P, Schachar R, Sklar P, Sonuga-Barke EJS, Sullivan PF, Thapar A, Tung JY, Waldman ID, Medland SE, Stefansson K, Nordentoft M, Hougaard DM, Werge T, Mors O, Mortensen PB, Daly MJ, Faraone SV, Børglum AD, Neale BM
Nat Genet 2019 Jan;51(1):63-75. Epub 2018 Nov 26 doi: 10.1038/s41588-018-0269-7. PMID: 30478444Free PMC Article
Lim ET, Uddin M, De Rubeis S, Chan Y, Kamumbu AS, Zhang X, D'Gama AM, Kim SN, Hill RS, Goldberg AP, Poultney C, Minshew NJ, Kushima I, Aleksic B, Ozaki N, Parellada M, Arango C, Penzol MJ, Carracedo A, Kolevzon A, Hultman CM, Weiss LA, Fromer M, Chiocchetti AG, Freitag CM; Autism Sequencing Consortium, Church GM, Scherer SW, Buxbaum JD, Walsh CA
Nat Neurosci 2017 Sep;20(9):1217-1224. Epub 2017 Jul 17 doi: 10.1038/nn.4598. PMID: 28714951Free PMC Article
Marshall CR, Howrigan DP, Merico D, Thiruvahindrapuram B, Wu W, Greer DS, Antaki D, Shetty A, Holmans PA, Pinto D, Gujral M, Brandler WM, Malhotra D, Wang Z, Fajarado KVF, Maile MS, Ripke S, Agartz I, Albus M, Alexander M, Amin F, Atkins J, Bacanu SA, Belliveau RA Jr, Bergen SE, Bertalan M, Bevilacqua E, Bigdeli TB, Black DW, Bruggeman R, Buccola NG, Buckner RL, Bulik-Sullivan B, Byerley W, Cahn W, Cai G, Cairns MJ, Campion D, Cantor RM, Carr VJ, Carrera N, Catts SV, Chambert KD, Cheng W, Cloninger CR, Cohen D, Cormican P, Craddock N, Crespo-Facorro B, Crowley JJ, Curtis D, Davidson M, Davis KL, Degenhardt F, Del Favero J, DeLisi LE, Dikeos D, Dinan T, Djurovic S, Donohoe G, Drapeau E, Duan J, Dudbridge F, Eichhammer P, Eriksson J, Escott-Price V, Essioux L, Fanous AH, Farh KH, Farrell MS, Frank J, Franke L, Freedman R, Freimer NB, Friedman JI, Forstner AJ, Fromer M, Genovese G, Georgieva L, Gershon ES, Giegling I, Giusti-Rodríguez P, Godard S, Goldstein JI, Gratten J, de Haan L, Hamshere ML, Hansen M, Hansen T, Haroutunian V, Hartmann AM, Henskens FA, Herms S, Hirschhorn JN, Hoffmann P, Hofman A, Huang H, Ikeda M, Joa I, Kähler AK, Kahn RS, Kalaydjieva L, Karjalainen J, Kavanagh D, Keller MC, Kelly BJ, Kennedy JL, Kim Y, Knowles JA, Konte B, Laurent C, Lee P, Lee SH, Legge SE, Lerer B, Levy DL, Liang KY, Lieberman J, Lönnqvist J, Loughland CM, Magnusson PKE, Maher BS, Maier W, Mallet J, Mattheisen M, Mattingsdal M, McCarley RW, McDonald C, McIntosh AM, Meier S, Meijer CJ, Melle I, Mesholam-Gately RI, Metspalu A, Michie PT, Milani L, Milanova V, Mokrab Y, Morris DW, Müller-Myhsok B, Murphy KC, Murray RM, Myin-Germeys I, Nenadic I, Nertney DA, Nestadt G, Nicodemus KK, Nisenbaum L, Nordin A, O'Callaghan E, O'Dushlaine C, Oh SY, Olincy A, Olsen L, O'Neill FA, Van Os J, Pantelis C, Papadimitriou GN, Parkhomenko E, Pato MT, Paunio T; Psychosis Endophenotypes International Consortium, Perkins DO, Pers TH, Pietiläinen O, Pimm J, Pocklington AJ, Powell J, Price A, Pulver AE, Purcell SM, Quested D, Rasmussen HB, Reichenberg A, Reimers MA, Richards AL, Roffman JL, Roussos P, Ruderfer DM, Salomaa V, Sanders AR, Savitz A, Schall U, Schulze TG, Schwab SG, Scolnick EM, Scott RJ, Seidman LJ, Shi J, Silverman JM, Smoller JW, Söderman E, Spencer CCA, Stahl EA, Strengman E, Strohmaier J, Stroup TS, Suvisaari J, Svrakic DM, Szatkiewicz JP, Thirumalai S, Tooney PA, Veijola J, Visscher PM, Waddington J, Walsh D, Webb BT, Weiser M, Wildenauer DB, Williams NM, Williams S, Witt SH, Wolen AR, Wormley BK, Wray NR, Wu JQ, Zai CC, Adolfsson R, Andreassen OA, Blackwood DHR, Bramon E, Buxbaum JD, Cichon S, Collier DA, Corvin A, Daly MJ, Darvasi A, Domenici E, Esko T, Gejman PV, Gill M, Gurling H, Hultman CM, Iwata N, Jablensky AV, Jönsson EG, Kendler KS, Kirov G, Knight J, Levinson DF, Li QS, McCarroll SA, McQuillin A, Moran JL, Mowry BJ, Nöthen MM, Ophoff RA, Owen MJ, Palotie A, Pato CN, Petryshen TL, Posthuma D, Rietschel M, Riley BP, Rujescu D, Sklar P, St Clair D, Walters JTR, Werge T, Sullivan PF, O'Donovan MC, Scherer SW, Neale BM, Sebat J; CNV and Schizophrenia Working Groups of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium
Nat Genet 2017 Jan;49(1):27-35. Epub 2016 Nov 21 doi: 10.1038/ng.3725. PMID: 27869829Free PMC Article
Sandin S, Lichtenstein P, Kuja-Halkola R, Larsson H, Hultman CM, Reichenberg A
JAMA 2014 May 7;311(17):1770-7. doi: 10.1001/jama.2014.4144. PMID: 24794370Free PMC Article
Dawson G
Dev Psychopathol 2008 Summer;20(3):775-803. doi: 10.1017/S0954579408000370. PMID: 18606031

Diagnosis

Tremblay MW, Jiang YH
Annu Rev Med 2019 Jan 27;70:151-166. doi: 10.1146/annurev-med-120417-091431. PMID: 30691368Free PMC Article
Demontis D, Walters RK, Martin J, Mattheisen M, Als TD, Agerbo E, Baldursson G, Belliveau R, Bybjerg-Grauholm J, Bækvad-Hansen M, Cerrato F, Chambert K, Churchhouse C, Dumont A, Eriksson N, Gandal M, Goldstein JI, Grasby KL, Grove J, Gudmundsson OO, Hansen CS, Hauberg ME, Hollegaard MV, Howrigan DP, Huang H, Maller JB, Martin AR, Martin NG, Moran J, Pallesen J, Palmer DS, Pedersen CB, Pedersen MG, Poterba T, Poulsen JB, Ripke S, Robinson EB, Satterstrom FK, Stefansson H, Stevens C, Turley P, Walters GB, Won H, Wright MJ; ADHD Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC); Early Lifecourse & Genetic Epidemiology (EAGLE) Consortium; 23andMe Research Team, Andreassen OA, Asherson P, Burton CL, Boomsma DI, Cormand B, Dalsgaard S, Franke B, Gelernter J, Geschwind D, Hakonarson H, Haavik J, Kranzler HR, Kuntsi J, Langley K, Lesch KP, Middeldorp C, Reif A, Rohde LA, Roussos P, Schachar R, Sklar P, Sonuga-Barke EJS, Sullivan PF, Thapar A, Tung JY, Waldman ID, Medland SE, Stefansson K, Nordentoft M, Hougaard DM, Werge T, Mors O, Mortensen PB, Daly MJ, Faraone SV, Børglum AD, Neale BM
Nat Genet 2019 Jan;51(1):63-75. Epub 2018 Nov 26 doi: 10.1038/s41588-018-0269-7. PMID: 30478444Free PMC Article
C Yuen RK, Merico D, Bookman M, L Howe J, Thiruvahindrapuram B, Patel RV, Whitney J, Deflaux N, Bingham J, Wang Z, Pellecchia G, Buchanan JA, Walker S, Marshall CR, Uddin M, Zarrei M, Deneault E, D'Abate L, Chan AJ, Koyanagi S, Paton T, Pereira SL, Hoang N, Engchuan W, Higginbotham EJ, Ho K, Lamoureux S, Li W, MacDonald JR, Nalpathamkalam T, Sung WW, Tsoi FJ, Wei J, Xu L, Tasse AM, Kirby E, Van Etten W, Twigger S, Roberts W, Drmic I, Jilderda S, Modi BM, Kellam B, Szego M, Cytrynbaum C, Weksberg R, Zwaigenbaum L, Woodbury-Smith M, Brian J, Senman L, Iaboni A, Doyle-Thomas K, Thompson A, Chrysler C, Leef J, Savion-Lemieux T, Smith IM, Liu X, Nicolson R, Seifer V, Fedele A, Cook EH, Dager S, Estes A, Gallagher L, Malow BA, Parr JR, Spence SJ, Vorstman J, Frey BJ, Robinson JT, Strug LJ, Fernandez BA, Elsabbagh M, Carter MT, Hallmayer J, Knoppers BM, Anagnostou E, Szatmari P, Ring RH, Glazer D, Pletcher MT, Scherer SW
Nat Neurosci 2017 Apr;20(4):602-611. Epub 2017 Mar 6 doi: 10.1038/nn.4524. PMID: 28263302Free PMC Article
Sandin S, Lichtenstein P, Kuja-Halkola R, Larsson H, Hultman CM, Reichenberg A
JAMA 2014 May 7;311(17):1770-7. doi: 10.1001/jama.2014.4144. PMID: 24794370Free PMC Article
Dawson G
Dev Psychopathol 2008 Summer;20(3):775-803. doi: 10.1017/S0954579408000370. PMID: 18606031

Therapy

Xu Y, Yang X, Chen D, Xu Y, Lan L, Zhao S, Liu Q, Snijders AM, Xia Y
Chemosphere 2023 Feb;313:137459. Epub 2022 Dec 2 doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137459. PMID: 36470360Free PMC Article
Maxwell JM, Coleman JRI, Breen G, Vassos E
JAMA Psychiatry 2021 Dec 1;78(12):1355-1364. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2021.2983. PMID: 34705035Free PMC Article
Balestrieri E, Matteucci C, Cipriani C, Grelli S, Ricceri L, Calamandrei G, Vallebona PS
Int J Mol Sci 2019 Nov 30;20(23) doi: 10.3390/ijms20236050. PMID: 31801288Free PMC Article
Andrade A, Brennecke A, Mallat S, Brown J, Gomez-Rivadeneira J, Czepiel N, Londrigan L
Int J Mol Sci 2019 Jul 19;20(14) doi: 10.3390/ijms20143537. PMID: 31331039Free PMC Article
Alsdorf R, Wyszynski DF
Expert Opin Drug Saf 2005 Mar;4(2):345-53. doi: 10.1517/14740338.4.2.345. PMID: 15794725

Prognosis

Rahman MM, Shu YH, Chow T, Lurmann FW, Yu X, Martinez MP, Carter SA, Eckel SP, Chen JC, Chen Z, Levitt P, Schwartz J, McConnell R, Xiang AH
Environ Health Perspect 2022 Jan;130(1):17008. Epub 2022 Jan 18 doi: 10.1289/EHP9509. PMID: 35040691Free PMC Article
Tremblay MW, Jiang YH
Annu Rev Med 2019 Jan 27;70:151-166. doi: 10.1146/annurev-med-120417-091431. PMID: 30691368Free PMC Article
Masataka N
Phys Life Rev 2017 Mar;20:85-108. Epub 2016 Nov 9 doi: 10.1016/j.plrev.2016.11.002. PMID: 27876343
Zhang J, Walsh MF, Wu G, Edmonson MN, Gruber TA, Easton J, Hedges D, Ma X, Zhou X, Yergeau DA, Wilkinson MR, Vadodaria B, Chen X, McGee RB, Hines-Dowell S, Nuccio R, Quinn E, Shurtleff SA, Rusch M, Patel A, Becksfort JB, Wang S, Weaver MS, Ding L, Mardis ER, Wilson RK, Gajjar A, Ellison DW, Pappo AS, Pui CH, Nichols KE, Downing JR
N Engl J Med 2015 Dec 10;373(24):2336-2346. Epub 2015 Nov 18 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1508054. PMID: 26580448Free PMC Article
Dawson G
Dev Psychopathol 2008 Summer;20(3):775-803. doi: 10.1017/S0954579408000370. PMID: 18606031

Clinical prediction guides

Rahman MM, Shu YH, Chow T, Lurmann FW, Yu X, Martinez MP, Carter SA, Eckel SP, Chen JC, Chen Z, Levitt P, Schwartz J, McConnell R, Xiang AH
Environ Health Perspect 2022 Jan;130(1):17008. Epub 2022 Jan 18 doi: 10.1289/EHP9509. PMID: 35040691Free PMC Article
Maxwell JM, Coleman JRI, Breen G, Vassos E
JAMA Psychiatry 2021 Dec 1;78(12):1355-1364. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2021.2983. PMID: 34705035Free PMC Article
Marshall CR, Howrigan DP, Merico D, Thiruvahindrapuram B, Wu W, Greer DS, Antaki D, Shetty A, Holmans PA, Pinto D, Gujral M, Brandler WM, Malhotra D, Wang Z, Fajarado KVF, Maile MS, Ripke S, Agartz I, Albus M, Alexander M, Amin F, Atkins J, Bacanu SA, Belliveau RA Jr, Bergen SE, Bertalan M, Bevilacqua E, Bigdeli TB, Black DW, Bruggeman R, Buccola NG, Buckner RL, Bulik-Sullivan B, Byerley W, Cahn W, Cai G, Cairns MJ, Campion D, Cantor RM, Carr VJ, Carrera N, Catts SV, Chambert KD, Cheng W, Cloninger CR, Cohen D, Cormican P, Craddock N, Crespo-Facorro B, Crowley JJ, Curtis D, Davidson M, Davis KL, Degenhardt F, Del Favero J, DeLisi LE, Dikeos D, Dinan T, Djurovic S, Donohoe G, Drapeau E, Duan J, Dudbridge F, Eichhammer P, Eriksson J, Escott-Price V, Essioux L, Fanous AH, Farh KH, Farrell MS, Frank J, Franke L, Freedman R, Freimer NB, Friedman JI, Forstner AJ, Fromer M, Genovese G, Georgieva L, Gershon ES, Giegling I, Giusti-Rodríguez P, Godard S, Goldstein JI, Gratten J, de Haan L, Hamshere ML, Hansen M, Hansen T, Haroutunian V, Hartmann AM, Henskens FA, Herms S, Hirschhorn JN, Hoffmann P, Hofman A, Huang H, Ikeda M, Joa I, Kähler AK, Kahn RS, Kalaydjieva L, Karjalainen J, Kavanagh D, Keller MC, Kelly BJ, Kennedy JL, Kim Y, Knowles JA, Konte B, Laurent C, Lee P, Lee SH, Legge SE, Lerer B, Levy DL, Liang KY, Lieberman J, Lönnqvist J, Loughland CM, Magnusson PKE, Maher BS, Maier W, Mallet J, Mattheisen M, Mattingsdal M, McCarley RW, McDonald C, McIntosh AM, Meier S, Meijer CJ, Melle I, Mesholam-Gately RI, Metspalu A, Michie PT, Milani L, Milanova V, Mokrab Y, Morris DW, Müller-Myhsok B, Murphy KC, Murray RM, Myin-Germeys I, Nenadic I, Nertney DA, Nestadt G, Nicodemus KK, Nisenbaum L, Nordin A, O'Callaghan E, O'Dushlaine C, Oh SY, Olincy A, Olsen L, O'Neill FA, Van Os J, Pantelis C, Papadimitriou GN, Parkhomenko E, Pato MT, Paunio T; Psychosis Endophenotypes International Consortium, Perkins DO, Pers TH, Pietiläinen O, Pimm J, Pocklington AJ, Powell J, Price A, Pulver AE, Purcell SM, Quested D, Rasmussen HB, Reichenberg A, Reimers MA, Richards AL, Roffman JL, Roussos P, Ruderfer DM, Salomaa V, Sanders AR, Savitz A, Schall U, Schulze TG, Schwab SG, Scolnick EM, Scott RJ, Seidman LJ, Shi J, Silverman JM, Smoller JW, Söderman E, Spencer CCA, Stahl EA, Strengman E, Strohmaier J, Stroup TS, Suvisaari J, Svrakic DM, Szatkiewicz JP, Thirumalai S, Tooney PA, Veijola J, Visscher PM, Waddington J, Walsh D, Webb BT, Weiser M, Wildenauer DB, Williams NM, Williams S, Witt SH, Wolen AR, Wormley BK, Wray NR, Wu JQ, Zai CC, Adolfsson R, Andreassen OA, Blackwood DHR, Bramon E, Buxbaum JD, Cichon S, Collier DA, Corvin A, Daly MJ, Darvasi A, Domenici E, Esko T, Gejman PV, Gill M, Gurling H, Hultman CM, Iwata N, Jablensky AV, Jönsson EG, Kendler KS, Kirov G, Knight J, Levinson DF, Li QS, McCarroll SA, McQuillin A, Moran JL, Mowry BJ, Nöthen MM, Ophoff RA, Owen MJ, Palotie A, Pato CN, Petryshen TL, Posthuma D, Rietschel M, Riley BP, Rujescu D, Sklar P, St Clair D, Walters JTR, Werge T, Sullivan PF, O'Donovan MC, Scherer SW, Neale BM, Sebat J; CNV and Schizophrenia Working Groups of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium
Nat Genet 2017 Jan;49(1):27-35. Epub 2016 Nov 21 doi: 10.1038/ng.3725. PMID: 27869829Free PMC Article
Zhang J, Walsh MF, Wu G, Edmonson MN, Gruber TA, Easton J, Hedges D, Ma X, Zhou X, Yergeau DA, Wilkinson MR, Vadodaria B, Chen X, McGee RB, Hines-Dowell S, Nuccio R, Quinn E, Shurtleff SA, Rusch M, Patel A, Becksfort JB, Wang S, Weaver MS, Ding L, Mardis ER, Wilson RK, Gajjar A, Ellison DW, Pappo AS, Pui CH, Nichols KE, Downing JR
N Engl J Med 2015 Dec 10;373(24):2336-2346. Epub 2015 Nov 18 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1508054. PMID: 26580448Free PMC Article
O'Roak BJ, Vives L, Girirajan S, Karakoc E, Krumm N, Coe BP, Levy R, Ko A, Lee C, Smith JD, Turner EH, Stanaway IB, Vernot B, Malig M, Baker C, Reilly B, Akey JM, Borenstein E, Rieder MJ, Nickerson DA, Bernier R, Shendure J, Eichler EE
Nature 2012 Apr 4;485(7397):246-50. doi: 10.1038/nature10989. PMID: 22495309Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Kheirouri S, Alizadeh M
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2020 Oct 22;20(1):645. doi: 10.1186/s12884-020-03324-w. PMID: 33092575Free PMC Article
Radke EG, Braun JM, Nachman RM, Cooper GS
Environ Int 2020 Apr;137:105408. Epub 2020 Feb 8 doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105408. PMID: 32045779Free PMC Article
Wegener Sleeswijk A, Heijungs R, Durston S
Int J Mol Sci 2019 Oct 15;20(20) doi: 10.3390/ijms20205104. PMID: 31618836Free PMC Article
Griessenauer CJ, Farrell S, Sarkar A, Zand R, Abedi V, Holland N, Michael A, Cummings CL, Metpally R, Carey DJ, Goren O, Martin N, Hendrix P, Schirmer CM
J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2018 Nov;38(11):1853-1871. Epub 2018 Sep 5 doi: 10.1177/0271678X18797958. PMID: 30182779Free PMC Article

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