U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Pituitary apoplexy

MedGen UID:
18489
Concept ID:
C0032001
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Apoplexy, Pituitary; Pituitary Apoplexy
SNOMED CT: Pituitary apoplexy (237701005)
Modes of inheritance:
Not genetically inherited
MedGen UID:
988794
Concept ID:
CN307044
Finding
Source: Orphanet
clinical entity without genetic inheritance.
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0006908
Orphanet: ORPHA95613

Definition

A rare pituitary disease characterized by hemorrhagic or non-hemorrhagic necrosis of the pituitary gland. Clinical manifestations typically comprise sudden and severe headache (often with nausea and vomiting), visual disturbances (visual-field defects, loss of visual acuity), oculomotor palsies, and variable degrees of altered consciousness, ranging from lethargy to coma. Acute endocrine dysfunction may also be present, most commonly corticotropic deficiency with severe hypotension and hyponatremia as well as secondary adrenal failure, but also thyrotropic and gonadotropic deficiency. [from ORDO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVPituitary apoplexy
Follow this link to review classifications for Pituitary apoplexy in Orphanet.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Luger A, Broersen LHA, Biermasz NR, Biller BMK, Buchfelder M, Chanson P, Jorgensen JOL, Kelestimur F, Llahana S, Maiter D, Mintziori G, Petraglia F, Verkauskiene R, Webb SM, Dekkers OM
Eur J Endocrinol 2021 Aug 23;185(3):G1-G33. doi: 10.1530/EJE-21-0462. PMID: 34425558
Chanson P, Raverot G, Castinetti F, Cortet-Rudelli C, Galland F, Salenave S; French Endocrinology Society non-functioning pituitary adenoma work-group
Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2015 Jul;76(3):239-47. Epub 2015 Jun 10 doi: 10.1016/j.ando.2015.04.002. PMID: 26072284
Freda PU, Beckers AM, Katznelson L, Molitch ME, Montori VM, Post KD, Vance ML; Endocrine Society
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011 Apr;96(4):894-904. doi: 10.1210/jc.2010-1048. PMID: 21474686Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Muthukumar N
Neurol India 2020 May-Jun;68(Supplement):S72-S78. doi: 10.4103/0028-3886.287669. PMID: 32611895
Briet C, Salenave S, Bonneville JF, Laws ER, Chanson P
Endocr Rev 2015 Dec;36(6):622-45. Epub 2015 Sep 28 doi: 10.1210/er.2015-1042. PMID: 26414232
Chanson P, Raverot G, Castinetti F, Cortet-Rudelli C, Galland F, Salenave S; French Endocrinology Society non-functioning pituitary adenoma work-group
Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2015 Jul;76(3):239-47. Epub 2015 Jun 10 doi: 10.1016/j.ando.2015.04.002. PMID: 26072284
Bi WL, Dunn IF, Laws ER Jr
Endocrine 2015 Feb;48(1):69-75. Epub 2014 Jul 26 doi: 10.1007/s12020-014-0359-y. PMID: 25063308
Freda PU, Beckers AM, Katznelson L, Molitch ME, Montori VM, Post KD, Vance ML; Endocrine Society
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011 Apr;96(4):894-904. doi: 10.1210/jc.2010-1048. PMID: 21474686Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Barkhoudarian G, Kelly DF
Neurosurg Clin N Am 2019 Oct;30(4):457-463. Epub 2019 Aug 7 doi: 10.1016/j.nec.2019.06.001. PMID: 31471052
Briet C, Salenave S, Bonneville JF, Laws ER, Chanson P
Endocr Rev 2015 Dec;36(6):622-45. Epub 2015 Sep 28 doi: 10.1210/er.2015-1042. PMID: 26414232
Chanson P, Raverot G, Castinetti F, Cortet-Rudelli C, Galland F, Salenave S; French Endocrinology Society non-functioning pituitary adenoma work-group
Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2015 Jul;76(3):239-47. Epub 2015 Jun 10 doi: 10.1016/j.ando.2015.04.002. PMID: 26072284
Briet C, Salenave S, Chanson P
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2015 Mar;44(1):199-209. Epub 2014 Nov 5 doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2014.10.016. PMID: 25732655
Bi WL, Dunn IF, Laws ER Jr
Endocrine 2015 Feb;48(1):69-75. Epub 2014 Jul 26 doi: 10.1007/s12020-014-0359-y. PMID: 25063308

Therapy

Geyik AM, Durmaz MO, Dogan A, Kaya Uğur B, Geyik S, Erkutlu İ, Yasar S, Kırık A, Kose G, Nehir A
Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg 2022 Apr;28(4):483-489. doi: 10.14744/tjtes.2021.93539. PMID: 35485523Free PMC Article
Wichlińska-Lubińska M, Kozera G
Neurol Neurochir Pol 2019;53(6):413-420. Epub 2019 Nov 20 doi: 10.5603/PJNNS.a2019.0054. PMID: 31745969
Yamada D, Fujikawa T
CMAJ 2018 Dec 3;190(48):E1419. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.180658. PMID: 30510048Free PMC Article
Solinas C, Porcu M, De Silva P, Musi M, Aspeslagh S, Scartozzi M, Willard-Gallo K, Mariotti S, Saba L
Semin Oncol 2018 Jun;45(3):181-186. Epub 2018 Oct 21 doi: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2018.09.002. PMID: 30352754
Briet C, Salenave S, Bonneville JF, Laws ER, Chanson P
Endocr Rev 2015 Dec;36(6):622-45. Epub 2015 Sep 28 doi: 10.1210/er.2015-1042. PMID: 26414232

Prognosis

Chanson P, Wolf P
Presse Med 2021 Dec;50(4):104086. Epub 2021 Oct 28 doi: 10.1016/j.lpm.2021.104086. PMID: 34718111
Frara S, Allora A, Castellino L, di Filippo L, Loli P, Giustina A
Pituitary 2021 Jun;24(3):465-481. Epub 2021 May 3 doi: 10.1007/s11102-021-01148-1. PMID: 33939057Free PMC Article
Dilli E
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2014 Apr;14(4):437. doi: 10.1007/s11910-014-0437-9. PMID: 24643327
Block HS, Biller J
Handb Clin Neurol 2014;121:1595-622. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-7020-4088-7.00105-X. PMID: 24365437
Freda PU, Beckers AM, Katznelson L, Molitch ME, Montori VM, Post KD, Vance ML; Endocrine Society
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011 Apr;96(4):894-904. doi: 10.1210/jc.2010-1048. PMID: 21474686Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Chanson P, Wolf P
Presse Med 2021 Dec;50(4):104086. Epub 2021 Oct 28 doi: 10.1016/j.lpm.2021.104086. PMID: 34718111
Caranci F, Leone G, Ponsiglione A, Muto M, Tortora F, Muto M, Cirillo S, Brunese L, Cerase A
Radiol Med 2020 Mar;125(3):319-328. Epub 2019 Dec 20 doi: 10.1007/s11547-019-01120-x. PMID: 31863360
Solinas C, Porcu M, De Silva P, Musi M, Aspeslagh S, Scartozzi M, Willard-Gallo K, Mariotti S, Saba L
Semin Oncol 2018 Jun;45(3):181-186. Epub 2018 Oct 21 doi: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2018.09.002. PMID: 30352754
Samarasinghe S, Emanuele MA, Mazhari A
Handb Clin Neurol 2014;120:685-701. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-7020-4087-0.00047-4. PMID: 24365347
Tamhankar MA, Biousse V, Ying GS, Prasad S, Subramanian PS, Lee MS, Eggenberger E, Moss HE, Pineles S, Bennett J, Osborne B, Volpe NJ, Liu GT, Bruce BB, Newman NJ, Galetta SL, Balcer LJ
Ophthalmology 2013 Nov;120(11):2264-9. Epub 2013 Jun 6 doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.04.009. PMID: 23747163Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Jiang Q, Xiao S, Shu L, Huang X, Chen X, Hong H
Eur Neurol 2020;83(2):121-130. Epub 2020 Jun 16 doi: 10.1159/000507190. PMID: 32544913
Tu M, Lu Q, Zhu P, Zheng W
J Neurol Sci 2016 Nov 15;370:258-262. Epub 2016 Sep 23 doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.09.047. PMID: 27772771
Kreitschmann-Andermahr I, Siegel S, Weber Carneiro R, Maubach JM, Harbeck B, Brabant G
Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2013 Dec;79(6):760-9. Epub 2013 Sep 20 doi: 10.1111/cen.12314. PMID: 23941570
Carija R, Vucina D
CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 2012 Dec;11(8):1012-4. doi: 10.2174/1871527311211080011. PMID: 23244423
Fernández-Balsells MM, Murad MH, Barwise A, Gallegos-Orozco JF, Paul A, Lane MA, Lampropulos JF, Natividad I, Perestelo-Pérez L, Ponce de León-Lovatón PG, Erwin PJ, Carey J, Montori VM
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011 Apr;96(4):905-12. doi: 10.1210/jc.2010-1054. PMID: 21474687

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Clinical resources

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.
    • Bookshelf
      See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Recent activity

    Your browsing activity is empty.

    Activity recording is turned off.

    Turn recording back on

    See more...