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Hypertension resistant to conventional therapy

MedGen UID:
320278
•Concept ID:
C1834155
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: Hypertension Resistant to Conventional Therapy
 
HPO: HP:0430034
OMIM®: 163729

Definition

Resistant hypertension is defined as above-goal elevated blood pressure in a patient despite the concurrent use of 3 antihypertensive drug classes, commonly including a long-acting calcium channel blocker, a blocker of the renin-angiotensin system (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker), and a diuretic. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVHypertension resistant to conventional therapy

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Resistant Hypertension: Detection, Evaluation, and Management: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.
Carey RM, Calhoun DA, Bakris GL, Brook RD, Daugherty SL, Dennison-Himmelfarb CR, Egan BM, Flack JM, Gidding SS, Judd E, Lackland DT, Laffer CL, Newton-Cheh C, Smith SM, Taler SJ, Textor SC, Turan TN, White WB; American Heart Association Professional/Public Education and Publications Committee of the Council on Hypertension; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; Council on Clinical Cardiology; Council on Genomic and Precision Medicine; Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease; Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research; and Stroke Council
Hypertension 2018 Nov;72(5):e53-e90. doi: 10.1161/HYP.0000000000000084. PMID: 30354828Free PMC Article
The concept of crosstalk-directed embryological target mining and its application to essential hypertension treatment failures.
Sag AA, Sal O, Kilic Y, Onal EM, Kanbay M
J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2017 May;19(5):530-533. Epub 2017 Feb 21 doi: 10.1111/jch.12978. PMID: 28224730Free PMC Article
Renal denervation for the treatment of cardiovascular high risk-hypertension or beyond?
Böhm M, Linz D, Ukena C, Esler M, Mahfoud F
Circ Res 2014 Jul 18;115(3):400-9. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.115.302522. PMID: 25035133

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Resistant Hypertension: Detection, Evaluation, and Management: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.
Carey RM, Calhoun DA, Bakris GL, Brook RD, Daugherty SL, Dennison-Himmelfarb CR, Egan BM, Flack JM, Gidding SS, Judd E, Lackland DT, Laffer CL, Newton-Cheh C, Smith SM, Taler SJ, Textor SC, Turan TN, White WB; American Heart Association Professional/Public Education and Publications Committee of the Council on Hypertension; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; Council on Clinical Cardiology; Council on Genomic and Precision Medicine; Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease; Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research; and Stroke Council
Hypertension 2018 Nov;72(5):e53-e90. doi: 10.1161/HYP.0000000000000084. PMID: 30354828Free PMC Article
Diagnosis and management of resistant hypertension: state of the art.
Wei FF, Zhang ZY, Huang QF, Staessen JA
Nat Rev Nephrol 2018 Jul;14(7):428-441. doi: 10.1038/s41581-018-0006-6. PMID: 29700488
Recognition and Management of Resistant Hypertension.
Braam B, Taler SJ, Rahman M, Fillaus JA, Greco BA, Forman JP, Reisin E, Cohen DL, Saklayen MG, Hedayati SS
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2017 Mar 7;12(3):524-535. Epub 2016 Nov 28 doi: 10.2215/CJN.06180616. PMID: 27895136Free PMC Article
Resistant hypertension: medical management and alternative therapies.
Ghofrani H, Weaver FA, Nadim MK
Cardiol Clin 2015 Feb;33(1):75-87. doi: 10.1016/j.ccl.2014.09.003. PMID: 25439332
Sleep-disordered breathing and resistant hypertension.
Wang AY
Semin Nephrol 2014;34(5):520-31. doi: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2014.08.006. PMID: 25416661

Diagnosis

Resistant Hypertension: Detection, Evaluation, and Management: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.
Carey RM, Calhoun DA, Bakris GL, Brook RD, Daugherty SL, Dennison-Himmelfarb CR, Egan BM, Flack JM, Gidding SS, Judd E, Lackland DT, Laffer CL, Newton-Cheh C, Smith SM, Taler SJ, Textor SC, Turan TN, White WB; American Heart Association Professional/Public Education and Publications Committee of the Council on Hypertension; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; Council on Clinical Cardiology; Council on Genomic and Precision Medicine; Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease; Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research; and Stroke Council
Hypertension 2018 Nov;72(5):e53-e90. doi: 10.1161/HYP.0000000000000084. PMID: 30354828Free PMC Article
Diagnosis and management of resistant hypertension: state of the art.
Wei FF, Zhang ZY, Huang QF, Staessen JA
Nat Rev Nephrol 2018 Jul;14(7):428-441. doi: 10.1038/s41581-018-0006-6. PMID: 29700488
Recognition and Management of Resistant Hypertension.
Braam B, Taler SJ, Rahman M, Fillaus JA, Greco BA, Forman JP, Reisin E, Cohen DL, Saklayen MG, Hedayati SS
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2017 Mar 7;12(3):524-535. Epub 2016 Nov 28 doi: 10.2215/CJN.06180616. PMID: 27895136Free PMC Article
Resistant hypertension: medical management and alternative therapies.
Ghofrani H, Weaver FA, Nadim MK
Cardiol Clin 2015 Feb;33(1):75-87. doi: 10.1016/j.ccl.2014.09.003. PMID: 25439332
Resistant hypertension--its identification and epidemiology.
Sarafidis PA, Georgianos P, Bakris GL
Nat Rev Nephrol 2013 Jan;9(1):51-8. Epub 2012 Nov 20 doi: 10.1038/nrneph.2012.260. PMID: 23165303

Therapy

Resistant Hypertension: Detection, Evaluation, and Management: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.
Carey RM, Calhoun DA, Bakris GL, Brook RD, Daugherty SL, Dennison-Himmelfarb CR, Egan BM, Flack JM, Gidding SS, Judd E, Lackland DT, Laffer CL, Newton-Cheh C, Smith SM, Taler SJ, Textor SC, Turan TN, White WB; American Heart Association Professional/Public Education and Publications Committee of the Council on Hypertension; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; Council on Clinical Cardiology; Council on Genomic and Precision Medicine; Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease; Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research; and Stroke Council
Hypertension 2018 Nov;72(5):e53-e90. doi: 10.1161/HYP.0000000000000084. PMID: 30354828Free PMC Article
Diagnosis and management of resistant hypertension: state of the art.
Wei FF, Zhang ZY, Huang QF, Staessen JA
Nat Rev Nephrol 2018 Jul;14(7):428-441. doi: 10.1038/s41581-018-0006-6. PMID: 29700488
Recognition and Management of Resistant Hypertension.
Braam B, Taler SJ, Rahman M, Fillaus JA, Greco BA, Forman JP, Reisin E, Cohen DL, Saklayen MG, Hedayati SS
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2017 Mar 7;12(3):524-535. Epub 2016 Nov 28 doi: 10.2215/CJN.06180616. PMID: 27895136Free PMC Article
Refractory versus resistant hypertension.
Siddiqui M, Calhoun DA
Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2017 Jan;26(1):14-19. doi: 10.1097/MNH.0000000000000286. PMID: 27798457
Resistant hypertension: medical management and alternative therapies.
Ghofrani H, Weaver FA, Nadim MK
Cardiol Clin 2015 Feb;33(1):75-87. doi: 10.1016/j.ccl.2014.09.003. PMID: 25439332

Prognosis

Diagnosis and management of resistant hypertension: state of the art.
Wei FF, Zhang ZY, Huang QF, Staessen JA
Nat Rev Nephrol 2018 Jul;14(7):428-441. doi: 10.1038/s41581-018-0006-6. PMID: 29700488
Resistant hypertension: medical management and alternative therapies.
Ghofrani H, Weaver FA, Nadim MK
Cardiol Clin 2015 Feb;33(1):75-87. doi: 10.1016/j.ccl.2014.09.003. PMID: 25439332
Sleep-disordered breathing and resistant hypertension.
Wang AY
Semin Nephrol 2014;34(5):520-31. doi: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2014.08.006. PMID: 25416661
Comparative epidemiology of resistant hypertension in chronic kidney disease and the general hypertensive population.
Sarafidis PA, Georgianos PI, Zebekakis PE
Semin Nephrol 2014;34(5):483-91. doi: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2014.08.001. PMID: 25416656
Resistant hypertension--its identification and epidemiology.
Sarafidis PA, Georgianos P, Bakris GL
Nat Rev Nephrol 2013 Jan;9(1):51-8. Epub 2012 Nov 20 doi: 10.1038/nrneph.2012.260. PMID: 23165303

Clinical prediction guides

Management of hyperkalemia in patients with kidney disease: a position paper endorsed by the Italian Society of Nephrology.
Bianchi S, Aucella F, De Nicola L, Genovesi S, Paoletti E, Regolisti G
J Nephrol 2019 Aug;32(4):499-516. Epub 2019 May 22 doi: 10.1007/s40620-019-00617-y. PMID: 31119681Free PMC Article
Incidence, prevalence, and predictors of treatment-resistant hypertension with intensive blood pressure lowering.
Smith SM, Gurka MJ, Winterstein AG, Pepine CJ, Cooper-DeHoff RM
J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2019 Jun;21(6):825-834. Epub 2019 May 7 doi: 10.1111/jch.13550. PMID: 31066177Free PMC Article
Diagnosis and management of resistant hypertension: state of the art.
Wei FF, Zhang ZY, Huang QF, Staessen JA
Nat Rev Nephrol 2018 Jul;14(7):428-441. doi: 10.1038/s41581-018-0006-6. PMID: 29700488
Sleep-disordered breathing and resistant hypertension.
Wang AY
Semin Nephrol 2014;34(5):520-31. doi: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2014.08.006. PMID: 25416661
Renal sympathetic denervation for resistant hypertension treatment : current perspectives.
Brandão AA, Campana EM, Magalhães ME, Ferreira E
Arq Bras Cardiol 2013 Oct;101(4):364-71. Epub 2013 Sep 13 doi: 10.5935/abc.20130187. PMID: 24029963Free PMC Article

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