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Anal Canal Undifferentiated Carcinoma

MedGen UID:
473523
•Concept ID:
C2064242
•
Neoplastic Process

Definition

A usually aggressive malignant epithelial neoplasm that arises from the anal canal. It is composed of malignant cells which do not display evidence of glandular or squamous differentiation. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVAnal Canal Undifferentiated Carcinoma

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Anal Carcinoma, Version 2.2023, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology.
Benson AB, Venook AP, Al-Hawary MM, Azad N, Chen YJ, Ciombor KK, Cohen S, Cooper HS, Deming D, Garrido-Laguna I, Grem JL, Hecht JR, Hoffe S, Hubbard J, Hunt S, Hussan H, Jeck W, Johung KL, Joseph N, Kirilcuk N, Krishnamurthi S, Maratt J, Messersmith WA, Meyerhardt J, Miller ED, Mulcahy MF, Nurkin S, Overman MJ, Parikh A, Patel H, Pedersen K, Saltz L, Schneider C, Shibata D, Skibber JM, Sofocleous CT, Stotsky-Himelfarb E, Tavakkoli A, Willett CG, Williams G, Algieri F, Gurski L, Stehman K
J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2023 Jun;21(6):653-677. doi: 10.6004/jnccn.2023.0030. PMID: 37308125
ECOG-ACRIN Guideline for Contouring and Treatment of Early Stage Anal Cancer Using IMRT/IGRT.
Damico N, Meyer J, Das P, Murphy J, Miller E, Koontz B, Hall W, McBride M, Pereira G, Catalano P, Chakravarthy AB, O'Dwyer PJ, Dorth J
Pract Radiat Oncol 2022 Jul-Aug;12(4):335-347. doi: 10.1016/j.prro.2022.01.015. PMID: 35717050
Treatment compliance in early-stage anal cancer.
Pretta A, Trevisi E, Bregni G, Deleporte A, Hendlisz A, Sclafani F
Ann Oncol 2020 Oct;31(10):1282-1284. Epub 2020 Jul 22 doi: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.07.006. PMID: 32707167

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Characteristics of anal canal squamous cell carcinoma as an HPV-associated cancer in Japan.
Yamada K, Shiraishi K, Takashima A, Takayanagi D, Saiki Y, Takano S, Tanaka M, Fukunaga M, Sugimoto K, Iwasaki Y, Nakamura Y, Kuwahara D, Tsuji Y, Takano M, Sugihara K, Ajioka Y
Int J Clin Oncol 2023 Aug;28(8):990-998. Epub 2023 Apr 28 doi: 10.1007/s10147-023-02339-5. PMID: 37115427
Anal Cancer: Emerging Standards in a Rare Disease.
Eng C, Ciombor KK, Cho M, Dorth JA, Rajdev LN, Horowitz DP, Gollub MJ, Jácome AA, Lockney NA, Muldoon RL, Washington MK, O'Brian BA, Benny A, Lebeck Lee CM, Benson AB 3rd, Goodman KA, Morris VK
J Clin Oncol 2022 Aug 20;40(24):2774-2788. Epub 2022 Jun 1 doi: 10.1200/JCO.21.02566. PMID: 35649196
An overview of anal intraepithelial neoplasia.
Buzard CL, Rizzolo D
JAAPA 2018 Jul;31(7):1-5. doi: 10.1097/01.JAA.0000534979.69236.e7. PMID: 29957613
Diagnosis and Diagnostic Imaging of Anal Canal Cancer.
Ciombor KK, Ernst RD, Brown G
Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2017 Jan;26(1):45-55. doi: 10.1016/j.soc.2016.07.002. PMID: 27889036Free PMC Article
Anal intraepithelial neoplasia: review and recommendations for screening and management.
Smyczek P, Singh AE, Romanowski B
Int J STD AIDS 2013 Nov;24(11):843-51. Epub 2013 Jul 10 doi: 10.1177/0956462413481527. PMID: 23970583

Diagnosis

Anal Cancer and Anal Cancer Screening.
Cohen CM, Clarke MA
Clin Obstet Gynecol 2023 Sep 1;66(3):516-533. Epub 2023 Jul 13 doi: 10.1097/GRF.0000000000000789. PMID: 37439541Free PMC Article
Anal Cancer: Emerging Standards in a Rare Disease.
Eng C, Ciombor KK, Cho M, Dorth JA, Rajdev LN, Horowitz DP, Gollub MJ, Jácome AA, Lockney NA, Muldoon RL, Washington MK, O'Brian BA, Benny A, Lebeck Lee CM, Benson AB 3rd, Goodman KA, Morris VK
J Clin Oncol 2022 Aug 20;40(24):2774-2788. Epub 2022 Jun 1 doi: 10.1200/JCO.21.02566. PMID: 35649196
Diagnosis and Treatment of Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
Gardner IH, Watson KM
Dis Colon Rectum 2020 Oct;63(10):1358-1361. doi: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000001791. PMID: 32969877
Squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal.
Morton M, Melnitchouk N, Bleday R
Curr Probl Cancer 2018 Sep;42(5):486-492. Epub 2018 Nov 23 doi: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2018.11.001. PMID: 30497849
Diagnosis and Diagnostic Imaging of Anal Canal Cancer.
Ciombor KK, Ernst RD, Brown G
Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2017 Jan;26(1):45-55. doi: 10.1016/j.soc.2016.07.002. PMID: 27889036Free PMC Article

Therapy

Anal Cancer and Anal Cancer Screening.
Cohen CM, Clarke MA
Clin Obstet Gynecol 2023 Sep 1;66(3):516-533. Epub 2023 Jul 13 doi: 10.1097/GRF.0000000000000789. PMID: 37439541Free PMC Article
ECOG-ACRIN Guideline for Contouring and Treatment of Early Stage Anal Cancer Using IMRT/IGRT.
Damico N, Meyer J, Das P, Murphy J, Miller E, Koontz B, Hall W, McBride M, Pereira G, Catalano P, Chakravarthy AB, O'Dwyer PJ, Dorth J
Pract Radiat Oncol 2022 Jul-Aug;12(4):335-347. doi: 10.1016/j.prro.2022.01.015. PMID: 35717050
Radiotherapy of anal canal cancer.
Peiffert D, Huguet F, Vendrely V, Moureau-Zabotto L, Rivin Del Campo E, Créhange G, Dietmann AS, Moignier A
Cancer Radiother 2022 Feb-Apr;26(1-2):279-285. Epub 2021 Dec 23 doi: 10.1016/j.canrad.2021.11.015. PMID: 34955416
Immunotherapy in Anal Cancer.
Phuong L, Rajdev L
Curr Oncol Rep 2020 Jul 11;22(9):94. doi: 10.1007/s11912-020-00946-3. PMID: 32651760
Role of mitomycin in combination with fluorouracil and radiotherapy, and of salvage chemoradiation in the definitive nonsurgical treatment of epidermoid carcinoma of the anal canal: results of a phase III randomized intergroup study.
Flam M, John M, Pajak TF, Petrelli N, Myerson R, Doggett S, Quivey J, Rotman M, Kerman H, Coia L, Murray K
J Clin Oncol 1996 Sep;14(9):2527-39. doi: 10.1200/JCO.1996.14.9.2527. PMID: 8823332

Prognosis

Characteristics of anal canal squamous cell carcinoma as an HPV-associated cancer in Japan.
Yamada K, Shiraishi K, Takashima A, Takayanagi D, Saiki Y, Takano S, Tanaka M, Fukunaga M, Sugimoto K, Iwasaki Y, Nakamura Y, Kuwahara D, Tsuji Y, Takano M, Sugihara K, Ajioka Y
Int J Clin Oncol 2023 Aug;28(8):990-998. Epub 2023 Apr 28 doi: 10.1007/s10147-023-02339-5. PMID: 37115427
Perianal Paget's-an aggressive disease.
Rudnicki Y, Stapleton SM, Batra R, Gan T, Mathis KL, Kelley SR
Colorectal Dis 2023 Jun;25(6):1213-1221. Epub 2023 Mar 21 doi: 10.1111/codi.16549. PMID: 36945125
Nivolumab for previously treated unresectable metastatic anal cancer (NCI9673): a multicentre, single-arm, phase 2 study.
Morris VK, Salem ME, Nimeiri H, Iqbal S, Singh P, Ciombor K, Polite B, Deming D, Chan E, Wade JL, Xiao L, Bekaii-Saab T, Vence L, Blando J, Mahvash A, Foo WC, Ohaji C, Pasia M, Bland G, Ohinata A, Rogers J, Mehdizadeh A, Banks K, Lanman R, Wolff RA, Streicher H, Allison J, Sharma P, Eng C
Lancet Oncol 2017 Apr;18(4):446-453. Epub 2017 Feb 18 doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(17)30104-3. PMID: 28223062Free PMC Article
Cancers of the anal canal: diagnosis, treatment and future strategies.
Bown E, Shah V, Sridhar T, Boyle K, Hemingway D, Yeung JM
Future Oncol 2014 Jun;10(8):1427-41. doi: 10.2217/fon.14.23. PMID: 25052753
Practising high-resolution anoscopy.
Palefsky JM
Sex Health 2012 Dec;9(6):580-6. doi: 10.1071/SH12045. PMID: 23380236

Clinical prediction guides

Prognostic and Predictive Markers for Patients With Anal Cancer.
Holliday EB, Peddireddy A, Morris VK
J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2023 Jun;21(6):678-684. doi: 10.6004/jnccn.2023.7031. PMID: 37308122
Perianal Paget's-an aggressive disease.
Rudnicki Y, Stapleton SM, Batra R, Gan T, Mathis KL, Kelley SR
Colorectal Dis 2023 Jun;25(6):1213-1221. Epub 2023 Mar 21 doi: 10.1111/codi.16549. PMID: 36945125
Pathology of Anal Cancer.
Hoff PM, Coudry R, Moniz CM
Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2017 Jan;26(1):57-71. doi: 10.1016/j.soc.2016.07.013. PMID: 27889037
Practising high-resolution anoscopy.
Palefsky JM
Sex Health 2012 Dec;9(6):580-6. doi: 10.1071/SH12045. PMID: 23380236
Role of mitomycin in combination with fluorouracil and radiotherapy, and of salvage chemoradiation in the definitive nonsurgical treatment of epidermoid carcinoma of the anal canal: results of a phase III randomized intergroup study.
Flam M, John M, Pajak TF, Petrelli N, Myerson R, Doggett S, Quivey J, Rotman M, Kerman H, Coia L, Murray K
J Clin Oncol 1996 Sep;14(9):2527-39. doi: 10.1200/JCO.1996.14.9.2527. PMID: 8823332

Recent systematic reviews

[(18)F]-FDG PET in anal canal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Mirshahvalad SA, Mesci A, Murad V, Kohan A, Ortega C, Veit-Haibach P, Metser U
Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2023 Dec;51(1):258-277. Epub 2023 Aug 18 doi: 10.1007/s00259-023-06393-z. PMID: 37592085
Management of persistent anal canal carcinoma after combined-modality therapy: a clinical review.
Musio D, De Felice F, Raffetto N, Tombolini V
Radiat Oncol 2014 Jan 28;9:39. doi: 10.1186/1748-717X-9-39. PMID: 24472223Free PMC Article
Sentinel node mapping in anal canal cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Tehranian S, Treglia G, Krag DN, Dabbagh Kakhki VR, Zakavi SR, Sadeghi R, Keshtgar M
J Gastrointestin Liver Dis 2013 Sep;22(3):321-8. PMID: 24078990
Adenocarcinoma of the anal canal - a systematic review.
Anwar S, Welbourn H, Hill J, Sebag-Montefiore D
Colorectal Dis 2013 Dec;15(12):1481-8. doi: 10.1111/codi.12325. PMID: 23809885
HPV and precancerous lesions of anal canal in women: systematic review.
Castor Md, da Silva HJ, Gondim Martins DB, de Mello RJ
Int J Colorectal Dis 2012 Mar;27(3):271-6. Epub 2011 Aug 17 doi: 10.1007/s00384-011-1298-1. PMID: 21847546

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