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Leprosy

MedGen UID:
6049
•Concept ID:
C0023343
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: Hansen's disease
SNOMED CT: Leprosy (81004002); Hansen's disease (81004002); Infection due to Mycobacterium leprae (81004002); Mycobacterium leprae infection (81004002)
Modes of inheritance:
Non-Mendelian inheritance
MedGen UID:
109109
•Concept ID:
C0600599
•
Genetic Function
Source: Orphanet
A mode of inheritance that depends on genetic determinants in more than one gene.
Non-Mendelian inheritance (Orphanet)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0005124
Orphanet: ORPHA548

Definition

A chronic infectious disease affecting primarily the skin and peripheral nervous system. [from ORDO]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Leprosy: Treatment and management of complications.
Maymone MBC, Venkatesh S, Laughter M, Abdat R, Hugh J, Dacso MM, Rao PN, Stryjewska BM, Dunnick CA, Dellavalle RP
J Am Acad Dermatol 2020 Jul;83(1):17-30. Epub 2020 Mar 31 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.10.138. PMID: 32244016
Position statement: LEPROSY: Diagnosis, treatment and follow-up.
Alemu Belachew W, Naafs B
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019 Jul;33(7):1205-1213. Epub 2019 Apr 3 doi: 10.1111/jdv.15569. PMID: 30945360
Annular Lesions: Diagnosis and Treatment.
Trayes KP, Savage K, Studdiford JS
Am Fam Physician 2018 Sep 1;98(5):283-291. PMID: 30216021

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Leprosy: clinical and immunopathological characteristics.
Froes LAR Junior, Sotto MN, Trindade MAB
An Bras Dermatol 2022 May-Jun;97(3):338-347. Epub 2022 Apr 2 doi: 10.1016/j.abd.2021.08.006. PMID: 35379512Free PMC Article
Immunology of leprosy.
Froes LAR Jr, Trindade MAB, Sotto MN
Int Rev Immunol 2022;41(2):72-83. Epub 2020 Nov 26 doi: 10.1080/08830185.2020.1851370. PMID: 33241709
Genetics of leprosy: today and beyond.
Fava VM, Dallmann-Sauer M, Schurr E
Hum Genet 2020 Jun;139(6-7):835-846. Epub 2019 Nov 11 doi: 10.1007/s00439-019-02087-5. PMID: 31713021
Drug-resistant M leprae.
Saunderson PR
Clin Dermatol 2016 Jan-Feb;34(1):79-81. Epub 2015 Oct 31 doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2015.10.019. PMID: 26773627
Leprosy--an intriguing disease.
Virmond M, Grzybowski A
Clin Dermatol 2015 Jan-Feb;33(1):1-2. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2014.10.002. PMID: 25432804

Diagnosis

Lepromatous leprosy.
Gómez-Cerquera JM, Herrera-Darias S, Domingo-Amela A, Graells-Estrada J
Med Clin (Barc) 2022 Dec 9;159(11):556. Epub 2022 Sep 16 doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2022.07.015. PMID: 36116975
Leprosy review.
Makhakhe L
S Afr Fam Pract (2004) 2021 Oct 29;63(1):e1-e6. doi: 10.4102/safp.v63i1.5311. PMID: 34797098Free PMC Article
Neuropathies of leprosy.
Khadilkar SV, Patil SB, Shetty VP
J Neurol Sci 2021 Jan 15;420:117288. Epub 2020 Dec 25 doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2020.117288. PMID: 33360424
Recent Advancement in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Leprosy.
Aamir M, Sadaf A, Khan S, Perveen S, Khan A
Curr Top Med Chem 2018;18(18):1550-1558. doi: 10.2174/1568026618666181025100434. PMID: 30360715
Histoid leprosy.
Karthikeyan K
Am J Trop Med Hyg 2015 Jun;92(6):1085-1086. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.14-0658. PMID: 26041788Free PMC Article

Therapy

Single-Dose Rifapentine in Household Contacts of Patients with Leprosy.
Wang L, Wang H, Yan L, Yu M, Yang J, Li J, Li J, Ning Y, Jiang H, Shi Y, Zhang W, Xiong L, Liu J, Kuang Y, Wang H, He J, Wang D, Li B, Liu Y, Shui T, Wang Y, Chen H, Sha X, Long H, Yu X, Shen C, Shen J, Yang X, Gu H, Zhang G, Wang B
N Engl J Med 2023 May 18;388(20):1843-1852. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2205487. PMID: 37195940
Role of nutritional supplements in selected dermatological disorders: A review.
Sardana K, Sachdeva S
J Cosmet Dermatol 2022 Jan;21(1):85-98. Epub 2021 Sep 26 doi: 10.1111/jocd.14436. PMID: 34564936
Pharmacologic management of Mycobacterium ulcerans infection.
Van Der Werf TS, Barogui YT, Converse PJ, Phillips RO, Stienstra Y
Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2020 Apr;13(4):391-401. Epub 2020 Apr 20 doi: 10.1080/17512433.2020.1752663. PMID: 32310683Free PMC Article
Prevention of transmission of leprosy: The current scenario.
Palit A, Kar HK
Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2020 Mar-Apr;86(2):115-123. doi: 10.4103/ijdvl.IJDVL_326_19. PMID: 31975697
Protecting people against leprosy: chemoprophylaxis and immunoprophylaxis.
Richardus JH, Oskam L
Clin Dermatol 2015 Jan-Feb;33(1):19-25. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2014.07.009. PMID: 25432807

Prognosis

The WHO Global Tuberculosis 2021 Report - not so good news and turning the tide back to End TB.
Chakaya J, Petersen E, Nantanda R, Mungai BN, Migliori GB, Amanullah F, Lungu P, Ntoumi F, Kumarasamy N, Maeurer M, Zumla A
Int J Infect Dis 2022 Nov;124 Suppl 1:S26-S29. Epub 2022 Mar 20 doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.03.011. PMID: 35321845Free PMC Article
Reservoirs and transmission routes of leprosy; A systematic review.
Ploemacher T, Faber WR, Menke H, Rutten V, Pieters T
PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020 Apr;14(4):e0008276. Epub 2020 Apr 27 doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008276. PMID: 32339201Free PMC Article
Leprosy: Clinical aspects and diagnostic techniques.
Maymone MBC, Laughter M, Venkatesh S, Dacso MM, Rao PN, Stryjewska BM, Hugh J, Dellavalle RP, Dunnick CA
J Am Acad Dermatol 2020 Jul;83(1):1-14. Epub 2020 Mar 27 doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.12.080. PMID: 32229279
Leprosy in the 21st century.
White C, Franco-Paredes C
Clin Microbiol Rev 2015 Jan;28(1):80-94. doi: 10.1128/CMR.00079-13. PMID: 25567223Free PMC Article
Leprosy.
Jacobson RR, Krahenbuhl JL
Lancet 1999 Feb 20;353(9153):655-60. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(98)06322-3. PMID: 10030346

Clinical prediction guides

Clinical and electrophysiological characteristics of neuropathic pain in leprosy patients: A prospective cross-sectional study.
Somensi DN, de Sousa EJS, Lopes GL, de Sousa GC, Xavier MB
Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2022 Sep-Oct;88(5):641-644. doi: 10.25259/IJDVL_917_19. PMID: 34951937
Leprosy review.
Makhakhe L
S Afr Fam Pract (2004) 2021 Oct 29;63(1):e1-e6. doi: 10.4102/safp.v63i1.5311. PMID: 34797098Free PMC Article
Systematic review and meta-analysis of safety and efficacy of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for face and neck rejuvenation.
Ayatollahi A, Gholami J, Saberi M, Hosseini H, Firooz A
Lasers Med Sci 2020 Jul;35(5):1007-1024. Epub 2020 Feb 5 doi: 10.1007/s10103-020-02957-9. PMID: 32026164
Leprosy's Untainted Child.
Robertson J
Bull Hist Med 2018;92(2):261-286. doi: 10.1353/bhm.2018.0027. PMID: 29961715
Host Lipid Mediators in Leprosy: The Hypothesized Contributions to Pathogenesis.
Silva CAM, Belisle JT
Front Immunol 2018;9:134. Epub 2018 Feb 2 doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00134. PMID: 29472920Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Drug Resistance (Dapsone, Rifampicin, Ofloxacin) and Resistance-Related Gene Mutation Features in Leprosy Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Li X, Li G, Yang J, Jin G, Shao Y, Li Y, Wei P, Zhang L
Int J Mol Sci 2022 Oct 18;23(20) doi: 10.3390/ijms232012443. PMID: 36293307Free PMC Article
Reservoirs and transmission routes of leprosy; A systematic review.
Ploemacher T, Faber WR, Menke H, Rutten V, Pieters T
PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020 Apr;14(4):e0008276. Epub 2020 Apr 27 doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008276. PMID: 32339201Free PMC Article
Systematic review and meta-analysis of safety and efficacy of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for face and neck rejuvenation.
Ayatollahi A, Gholami J, Saberi M, Hosseini H, Firooz A
Lasers Med Sci 2020 Jul;35(5):1007-1024. Epub 2020 Feb 5 doi: 10.1007/s10103-020-02957-9. PMID: 32026164
Leprosy.
Smith WC, Saunderson P
BMJ Clin Evid 2010 Jun 28;2010 PMID: 21418690Free PMC Article
Leprosy.
Lockwood DNj
BMJ Clin Evid 2007 Apr 1;2007 PMID: 19454067Free PMC Article

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