Spatial Parameter Sweep: Turing Patterns

S. Miyazawa, M. Okamoto, S. Kondo (Authors)

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Introduction

This model shows the pattern formation abilities of Turing’s linear activator-inhibitor model (Miyazawa et al., 2010). It shows how to vary parameters as a function of space.

Spots and stripes appear under various conditions in linear Turing model.

Description

Instead of fixed parameters defined as Constants, this model uses Functions for two parameters. The parameters $C$ (activator production) and $A$ (rate of auto-activation) are defined as Function of space and varied over the $x$ - and $y$ -axes respectively. This requires the definition of a SpaceSymbol that can be used in expressions.

The results show the appearance of white spots (left), black spots (right) and labyrinthine patterns (middle).

Reference

S. Miyazawa, M. Okamoto, S. Kondo: Blending of animal colour patterns by hybridization. Nat. Commun. 1 (6): 66, 2010.

Model

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<MorpheusModel version="3">
    <Description>
        <Title>Example-TuringPatterns</Title>
        <Details>
Miyazawa, Okamoto and Kondo, Blending of animal colour patterns by hybridization, Nature Communications, 2010</Details>
    </Description>
    <Global>
        <Field symbol="u" value="4.1+rand_uni(0,1)">
            <Diffusion rate="1"/>
        </Field>
        <Field symbol="v" value="4.84+rand_uni(0,1)">
            <Diffusion rate="20"/>
        </Field>
        <System solver="runge-kutta" time-step="0.25" name="Miyazawa">
            <Function symbol="A">
                <Expression>0.07 + ((0.07 * l.y)/ s.y)</Expression>
            </Function>
            <Constant symbol="B" value="0.08"/>
            <Function symbol="C">
                <Expression>-0.1 + ((0.5 * l.x)/ s.x)</Expression>
            </Function>
            <Constant symbol="D" value="0.03"/>
            <Constant symbol="E" value="0.10"/>
            <Constant symbol="F" value="0.12"/>
            <Constant symbol="G" value="0.06"/>
            <Constant symbol="R" value="20.0"/>
            <Constant symbol="synU_max" value="0.23"/>
            <Constant symbol="synV_max" value="0.50"/>
            <Function symbol="s_u">
                <Expression>max( 0, min( synU_max, A()*u-B*v+C()))</Expression>
            </Function>
            <Function symbol="s_v">
                <Expression>max( 0, min( synV_max, E*u - F))</Expression>
            </Function>
            <DiffEqn symbol-ref="u">
                <Expression>R*(s_u() - D*u)</Expression>
            </DiffEqn>
            <DiffEqn symbol-ref="v">
                <Expression>R*(s_v() - G*v)</Expression>
            </DiffEqn>
        </System>
    </Global>
    <Space>
        <Lattice class="square">
            <Size symbol="s" value="512 512 0"/>
            <NodeLength value="1"/>
            <BoundaryConditions>
                <Condition boundary="x" type="noflux"/>
                <Condition boundary="y" type="noflux"/>
            </BoundaryConditions>
            <Neighborhood>
                <Order>1</Order>
            </Neighborhood>
        </Lattice>
        <SpaceSymbol symbol="l"/>
    </Space>
    <Time>
        <StartTime value="0"/>
        <StopTime value="30"/>
        <SaveInterval value="0"/>
        <RandomSeed value="1"/>
        <TimeSymbol symbol="time"/>
    </Time>
    <Analysis>
        <Gnuplotter time-step="2" decorate="false">
            <Terminal persist="true" name="png"/>
            <Plot>
                <Field symbol-ref="u">
                    <ColorMap>
                        <Color value="1" color="black"/>
                        <Color value="0.0" color="white"/>
                    </ColorMap>
                </Field>
            </Plot>
        </Gnuplotter>
        <Logger time-step="0.0">
            <Input>
                <Symbol symbol-ref="u"/>
            </Input>
            <Output>
                <TextOutput file-format="csv"/>
            </Output>
            <Restriction>
                <Slice value="s.x/2" axis="x"/>
            </Restriction>
            <Plots>
                <Plot title="slice at half of x extension" time-step="-1">
                    <Style style="lines" line-width="3.0"/>
                    <Terminal terminal="png"/>
                    <X-axis>
                        <Symbol symbol-ref="l.y"/>
                    </X-axis>
                    <Y-axis>
                        <Symbol symbol-ref="u"/>
                    </Y-axis>
                    <Color-bar>
                        <Symbol symbol-ref="v"/>
                    </Color-bar>
                </Plot>
            </Plots>
        </Logger>
        <Logger time-step="2">
            <Input>
                <Symbol symbol-ref="u"/>
            </Input>
            <Output>
                <TextOutput file-format="csv"/>
            </Output>
            <Plots>
                <SurfacePlot time-step="2">
                    <Color-bar>
                        <Symbol symbol-ref="u"/>
                    </Color-bar>
                    <Terminal terminal="png"/>
                </SurfacePlot>
            </Plots>
        </Logger>
    </Analysis>
</MorpheusModel>

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Last updated on Sat, 12 Dec 2020