Vitamin B6 enzymes participating in selenium amino acid metabolism

Biofactors. 1999;10(2-3):257-62. doi: 10.1002/biof.5520100225.

Abstract

Various vitamin B6 enzymes play important roles in mammalian and microbial metabolism of selenium amino acids. Selenocysteine is synthesized from selenohomocysteine by catalysis of cystathionine beta-synthase and cystathionine gamma-lyase, which both require pyridoxal phosphate. Selenocysteine beta-lyase, a new B6-enzyme, exclusively catalyzes beta-elimination of selenocysteine, and occurs in mammalian systems and bacteria. Methionine gamma-lyase, cysteine desulfurase, cysteine sulfinate desulfinase, and D-selenocystine alpha,beta-lyase, which are B6-enzymes, act on cysteine, cysteine sulfinate, D-cystine, and their derivatives, and their selenium counterparts indiscriminately. Their reaction mechanisms are comparatively described.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Bacteria / metabolism*
  • Carbon-Sulfur Lyases / metabolism
  • Cystathionine beta-Synthase / metabolism
  • Cystathionine gamma-Lyase / metabolism
  • Cysteine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Cysteine / metabolism
  • Lyases / metabolism
  • Mammals
  • Models, Chemical
  • Organoselenium Compounds / metabolism*
  • Pyridoxine / metabolism*
  • Selenocysteine / metabolism*

Substances

  • Organoselenium Compounds
  • Selenocysteine
  • Lyases
  • Cystathionine beta-Synthase
  • Carbon-Sulfur Lyases
  • cysteine desulfurase
  • cysteine sulfinate desulfinase
  • Cystathionine gamma-Lyase
  • L-methionine gamma-lyase
  • D-selenocystine alpha, beta-lyase
  • Cysteine
  • Pyridoxine
  • selenomethylselenocysteine