Foot and ankle soft-tissue deficiencies: who needs a flap?

Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ). 2006 Jan;35(1):11-9.

Abstract

The patient who needs a flap for a deficit of the foot or ankle soft tissues is any patient who has a break in the integument. While skin grafts often will suffice, if there is a full-thickness loss, particularly over the plantar bony prominence such as the heel or metatarsal, one should strongly consider flaps. In my practice, the flap procedure most commonly performed for the metatarsal region is the V-Y advancement; for the hindfoot, free-tissue transfer; and for the Achilles region, a sural flap. If a lesion is small and the vascular inflow is good, I use free-tissue transfer of a thin skin flap such as a lateral arm flap or a radial forearm flap. For the dorsum of the foot, particularly when there is osteomyelitis or a lesion, or a lateral sidewall lesion, I use a muscle flap. The calcaneus is best served by one of many muscle flaps such as the gracilis.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Ankle Injuries / diagnosis
  • Ankle Injuries / surgery*
  • Child, Preschool
  • Debridement / methods
  • Female
  • Foot Injuries / diagnosis
  • Foot Injuries / surgery*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Plastic Surgery Procedures / methods*
  • Prognosis
  • Regional Blood Flow
  • Risk Assessment
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Soft Tissue Injuries / diagnosis
  • Soft Tissue Injuries / surgery*
  • Surgical Flaps / blood supply*
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Wound Healing / physiology