Epidemiology and Diagnosis of Testis Cancer

Urol Clin North Am. 2015 Aug;42(3):269-75. doi: 10.1016/j.ucl.2015.04.001. Epub 2015 Jun 11.

Abstract

Testis cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in young men. Most cases represent sporadic occurrences. Most commonly it presents at an early stage (clinical stage I) and is highly curable with radical orchiectomy. Even more advanced stages of testicular cancer are curable with a multimodality treatment approach. There are no widely accepted screening strategies for germ cell tumors. This article discusses the known risk factors and epidemiology of testis cancer, the presentation, and work up for new patients, and the prognosis and cure rates based on the staging and current treatment modalities for testis cancer patients.

Keywords: Epidemiology; Germ cell tumors; Nonseminoma; Seminoma; Testis cancer.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / blood
  • Early Detection of Cancer / methods
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Male
  • Neoplasm Metastasis
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal* / diagnosis
  • Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal* / epidemiology
  • Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal* / pathology
  • Prognosis
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Self-Examination / methods*
  • Testicular Neoplasms* / diagnosis
  • Testicular Neoplasms* / epidemiology
  • Testicular Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Testis* / diagnostic imaging
  • Testis* / pathology
  • Ultrasonography

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor

Supplementary concepts

  • Testicular Germ Cell Tumor