Abstract
Tropical infections are caused by a variety of bacteria, viruses and parasitic organisms across varying geographical regions and are more often reported in adults than in children. Most of the infections are acute, presenting as a febrile illness with involvement of multiple organ systems, including the kidney. The gamut of renal manifestations extends from asymptomatic urinary abnormalities to acute kidney injury and-albeit rarely-chronic kidney disease. Tropical infections can involve the glomerular, tubulointerstitial and vascular compartments of the kidney. Leptospirosis, malaria, dengue, rickettsial fever and schistosomiasis are the most prevalent tropical infections which affect the kidneys of children living in the tropics. In this review we discuss renal involvement in these most prevalent tropical infections.
Keywords:
Acute kidney injury; Children; Tropical infections; Tropical kidney diseases.
MeSH terms
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Acute Kidney Injury / diagnosis
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Acute Kidney Injury / etiology*
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Acute Kidney Injury / pathology
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Acute Kidney Injury / therapy
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Anti-Infective Agents / therapeutic use
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Child
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Dengue / complications*
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Dengue / epidemiology
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Dengue / virology
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Fluid Therapy
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Humans
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Kidney / microbiology
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Kidney / parasitology
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Kidney / pathology
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Leptospirosis / complications*
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Leptospirosis / epidemiology
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Leptospirosis / microbiology
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Malaria / complications*
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Malaria / epidemiology
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Malaria / parasitology
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Malaria / urine
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Prevalence
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Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / diagnosis
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Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / etiology*
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Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / pathology
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Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / therapy
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Rickettsia Infections / complications*
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Rickettsia Infections / epidemiology
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Rickettsia Infections / microbiology
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Schistosomiasis / complications*
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Schistosomiasis / epidemiology
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Schistosomiasis / parasitology
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Severity of Illness Index
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Tropical Climate