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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Update Date2021-09-14 15:41:24 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0001032
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB01032
Metabolite Identification
Common NameDehydroepiandrosterone sulfate
DescriptionDehydroepiandrosterone sulfate or DHEA-S is the sulfated form of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). This sulfation is reversibly catalyzed by sulfotransferase 2A1 (SULT2A1) primarily in the adrenals, the liver, and small intestine. In the blood, most DHEA is found as DHEA-S with levels that are about 300 times higher than those of free DHEA. Orally-ingested DHEA is converted into its sulfate when passing through the intestines and liver. Whereas DHEA levels naturally reach their peak in the early morning hours, DHEAS levels show no diurnal variation. From a practical point of view, measurement of DHEA-S is preferable to DHEA since levels are more stable. DHEA (from which DHEA-S comes from) is a natural steroid prohormone produced from cholesterol by the adrenal glands, the gonads, adipose tissue, brain, and in the skin (by an autocrine mechanism). DHEA is the precursor of androstenedione, which can undergo further conversion to produce the androgen testosterone and the estrogens estrone and estradiol. DHEA is also a potent sigma-1 agonist. Serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate is a classic marker for adrenarche, and subsequently for the individual hormonal milieu (PMID: 10599744 ). Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate is an endogenously produced sex steroid that has been hypothesized to have anti-aging effects (PMID: 16960027 ). It also has been inversely associated with the development of atherosclerosis (PMID: 8956025 ).
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
Chemical FormulaC19H28O5S
Average Molecular Weight368.488
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight368.165744696
IUPAC Name[(1S,2R,5S,10R,11S,15S)-2,15-dimethyl-14-oxotetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadec-7-en-5-yl]oxidanesulfonic acid
Traditional Name[(1S,2R,5S,10R,11S,15S)-2,15-dimethyl-14-oxotetracyclo[8.7.0.0^{2,7}.0^{11,15}]heptadec-7-en-5-yl]oxidanesulfonic acid
CAS Registry Number651-48-9
SMILES
[H][C@@]12CCC(=O)[C@@]1(C)CC[C@@]1([H])[C@@]2([H])CC=C2C[C@H](CC[C@]12C)OS(O)(=O)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C19H28O5S/c1-18-9-7-13(24-25(21,22)23)11-12(18)3-4-14-15-5-6-17(20)19(15,2)10-8-16(14)18/h3,13-16H,4-11H2,1-2H3,(H,21,22,23)/t13-,14-,15-,16-,18-,19-/m0/s1
InChI KeyCZWCKYRVOZZJNM-USOAJAOKSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as sulfated steroids. These are sterol lipids containing a sulfate group attached to the steroid skeleton.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassSteroids and steroid derivatives
Sub ClassSulfated steroids
Direct ParentSulfated steroids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Sulfated steroid skeleton
  • Androstane-skeleton
  • 17-oxosteroid
  • Oxosteroid
  • Delta-5-steroid
  • Sulfuric acid ester
  • Alkyl sulfate
  • Sulfuric acid monoester
  • Sulfate-ester
  • Organic sulfuric acid or derivatives
  • Ketone
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Organic oxide
  • Aliphatic homopolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic homopolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effect
Disposition
Biological locationRoute of exposureSource
Process
Role
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water SolubilityNot AvailableNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic PropertiesNot Available
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Cytoplasm
  • Extracellular
  • Membrane
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Feces
  • Urine
Tissue Locations
  • Kidney
  • Liver
  • Placenta
  • Prostate
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
Abnormal Concentrations
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease References
Polycystic ovary syndrome
  1. Yildiz BO, Woods KS, Stanczyk F, Bartolucci A, Azziz R: Stability of adrenocortical steroidogenesis over time in healthy women and women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 Nov;89(11):5558-62. [PubMed:15531511 ]
Hirsutism
  1. Gilad S, Chayen R, Tordjman K, Kisch E, Stern N: Assessment of 5 alpha-reductase activity in hirsute women: comparison of serum androstanediol glucuronide with urinary androsterone and aetiocholanolone excretion. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1994 Apr;40(4):459-64. [PubMed:8187312 ]
Alzheimer's disease
  1. Reichman ME, Judd JT, Longcope C, Schatzkin A, Clevidence BA, Nair PP, Campbell WS, Taylor PR: Effects of alcohol consumption on plasma and urinary hormone concentrations in premenopausal women. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1993 May 5;85(9):722-7. [PubMed:8478958 ]
Lung Cancer
  1. Chen Y, Ma Z, Min L, Li H, Wang B, Zhong J, Dai L: Biomarker identification and pathway analysis by serum metabolomics of lung cancer. Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:183624. doi: 10.1155/2015/183624. Epub 2015 Apr 16. [PubMed:25961003 ]
Schizophrenia
  1. Bicikova M, Hill M, Ripova D, Mohr P, Hampl R: Determination of steroid metabolome as a possible tool for laboratory diagnosis of schizophrenia. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2013 Jan;133:77-83. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2012.08.009. Epub 2012 Aug 24. [PubMed:22944140 ]
Adrenal hyperplasia, congenital, due to 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 deficiency
  1. Hattori N, Ishihara T, Moridera K, Hino M, Ikekubo K, Kurahachi H: A case of late-onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to partial 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency. Endocr J. 1993 Feb;40(1):107-9. [PubMed:7951484 ]
  2. Guven A, Polat S: Testicular Adrenal Rest Tumor in Two Brothers with a Novel Mutation in the 3-Beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase-2 Gene. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2017 Mar 1;9(1):85-90. doi: 10.4274/jcrpe.3306. Epub 2016 Jul 29. [PubMed:27476613 ]
11-beta-Hydroxylase deficiency
  1. Burren CP, Montalto J, Yong AB, Batch JA: CYP11 beta 1 (11-beta-hydroxylase) deficiency in congenital adrenal hyperplasia. J Paediatr Child Health. 1996 Oct;32(5):433-8. [PubMed:8933406 ]
Aromatase deficiency
  1. Mullis PE, Yoshimura N, Kuhlmann B, Lippuner K, Jaeger P, Harada H: Aromatase deficiency in a female who is compound heterozygote for two new point mutations in the P450arom gene: impact of estrogens on hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, multicystic ovaries, and bone densitometry in childhood. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1997 Jun;82(6):1739-45. doi: 10.1210/jcem.82.6.3994. [PubMed:9177373 ]
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia, due to 17-Hydroxylase-Deficiency
  1. Kim SM, Rhee JH: A case of 17 alpha-hydroxylase deficiency. Clin Exp Reprod Med. 2015 Jun;42(2):72-6. doi: 10.5653/cerm.2015.42.2.72. Epub 2015 Jun 30. [PubMed:26161337 ]
X-linked ichthyosis
  1. Lykkesfeldt G, Bennett P, Lykkesfeldt AE, Micic S, Moller S, Svenstrup B: Abnormal androgen and oestrogen metabolism in men with steroid sulphatase deficiency and recessive X-linked ichthyosis. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1985 Oct;23(4):385-93. [PubMed:3864567 ]
Lipoid Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
  1. Fujieda K, Tajima T, Nakae J, Sageshima S, Tachibana K, Suwa S, Sugawara T, Strauss JF 3rd: Spontaneous puberty in 46,XX subjects with congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia. Ovarian steroidogenesis is spared to some extent despite inactivating mutations in the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) gene. J Clin Invest. 1997 Mar 15;99(6):1265-71. doi: 10.1172/JCI119284. [PubMed:9077535 ]
Colorectal cancer
  1. Brown DG, Rao S, Weir TL, O'Malia J, Bazan M, Brown RJ, Ryan EP: Metabolomics and metabolic pathway networks from human colorectal cancers, adjacent mucosa, and stool. Cancer Metab. 2016 Jun 6;4:11. doi: 10.1186/s40170-016-0151-y. eCollection 2016. [PubMed:27275383 ]
  2. Sinha R, Ahn J, Sampson JN, Shi J, Yu G, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Goedert JJ: Fecal Microbiota, Fecal Metabolome, and Colorectal Cancer Interrelations. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 25;11(3):e0152126. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152126. eCollection 2016. [PubMed:27015276 ]
  3. Goedert JJ, Sampson JN, Moore SC, Xiao Q, Xiong X, Hayes RB, Ahn J, Shi J, Sinha R: Fecal metabolomics: assay performance and association with colorectal cancer. Carcinogenesis. 2014 Sep;35(9):2089-96. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgu131. Epub 2014 Jul 18. [PubMed:25037050 ]
Rheumatoid arthritis
  1. Straub RH, Weidler C, Demmel B, Herrmann M, Kees F, Schmidt M, Scholmerich J, Schedel J: Renal clearance and daily excretion of cortisol and adrenal androgens in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis. 2004 Aug;63(8):961-8. [PubMed:15249323 ]
Associated OMIM IDs
  • 184700 (Polycystic ovary syndrome)
  • 104300 (Alzheimer's disease)
  • 211980 (Lung Cancer)
  • 181500 (Schizophrenia)
  • 201810 (Adrenal hyperplasia, congenital, due to 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 deficiency)
  • 202010 (11-beta-Hydroxylase deficiency)
  • 613546 (Aromatase deficiency)
  • 202110 (Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia, due to 17-Hydroxylase-Deficiency)
  • 308100 (X-linked ichthyosis)
  • 201710 (Lipoid Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia)
  • 114500 (Colorectal cancer)
  • 180300 (Rheumatoid arthritis)
DrugBank IDDB05804
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB022381
KNApSAcK IDNot Available
Chemspider ID12074
KEGG Compound IDC04555
BioCyc IDDEHYDRO-EPIANDROSTERONE-SULFATE
BiGG ID44038
Wikipedia LinkDehydroepiandrosterone_sulfate
METLIN ID4095
PubChem Compound12594
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID16814
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDDHEAS
MarkerDB IDMDB00000294
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in sulfotransferase activity
Specific function:
Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as sulfonate donor to catalyze the sulfate conjugation of many hormones, neurotransmitters, drugs and xenobiotic compounds. Sulfonation increases the water solubility of most compounds, and therefore their renal excretion, but it can also result in bioactivation to form active metabolites. Sulfates hydroxysteroids like DHEA. Isoform 1 preferentially sulfonates cholesterol, and isoform 2 avidly sulfonates pregnenolone but not cholesterol.
Gene Name:
SULT2B1
Uniprot ID:
O00204
Molecular weight:
39598.595
Reactions
Phosphoadenosine phosphosulfate + Dehydroepiandrosterone → Adenosine 3',5'-diphosphate + Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfatedetails
General function:
Involved in catalytic activity
Specific function:
Conversion of sulfated steroid precursors to estrogens during pregnancy.
Gene Name:
STS
Uniprot ID:
P08842
Molecular weight:
65491.72
Reactions
Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate + Water → Dehydroepiandrosterone + Oat gumdetails
Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate + Water → Dehydroepiandrosterone + Oat gumdetails