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Record Information
Version5.0
StatusDetected and Quantified
Creation Date2005-11-16 15:48:42 UTC
Update Date2021-09-14 15:48:15 UTC
HMDB IDHMDB0001397
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • HMDB01397
Metabolite Identification
Common NameGuanosine monophosphate
DescriptionGuanosine monophosphate (GMP), also known as 5′-guanidylic acid or guanylic acid (conjugate base guanylate), is a nucleotide that is used as a monomer in RNA. It is an ester of phosphoric acid with the nucleoside guanosine. GMP consists of the phosphate group, the pentose sugar ribose, and the nucleobase guanine; hence it is a ribonucleoside monophosphate. Guanosine monophosphate is commercially produced by microbial fermentation. Guanosine monophosphate, also known as guanylic acid or 5'-GMP, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as purine ribonucleoside monophosphates. These are nucleotides consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose to which one monophosphate group is attached. A guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety and found widely in nature. Guanosine monophosphate exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. Within humans, guanosine monophosphate participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, guanosine triphosphate and guanosine monophosphate can be biosynthesized from diguanosine tetraphosphate through its interaction with the enzyme bis(5'-nucleosyl)-tetraphosphatase [asymmetrical]. In addition, guanosine monophosphate can be biosynthesized from guanosine diphosphate; which is mediated by the enzyme ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 5. In humans, guanosine monophosphate is involved in the metabolic disorder called the lesch-nyhan syndrome (lns) pathway. Outside of the human body, guanosine monophosphate has been detected, but not quantified in several different foods, such as common cabbages, tea, winter squash, spearmints, and sugar apples.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
Chemical FormulaC10H14N5O8P
Average Molecular Weight363.2206
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight363.057998961
IUPAC Name{[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2-amino-6-oxo-6,9-dihydro-1H-purin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy}phosphonic acid
Traditional Nameguanylate
CAS Registry Number85-32-5
SMILES
NC1=NC2=C(N=CN2[C@@H]2O[C@H](COP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]2O)C(=O)N1
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C10H14N5O8P/c11-10-13-7-4(8(18)14-10)12-2-15(7)9-6(17)5(16)3(23-9)1-22-24(19,20)21/h2-3,5-6,9,16-17H,1H2,(H2,19,20,21)(H3,11,13,14,18)/t3-,5-,6-,9-/m1/s1
InChI KeyRQFCJASXJCIDSX-UUOKFMHZSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as purine ribonucleoside monophosphates. These are nucleotides consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose to which one monophosphate group is attached.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassNucleosides, nucleotides, and analogues
ClassPurine nucleotides
Sub ClassPurine ribonucleotides
Direct ParentPurine ribonucleoside monophosphates
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Purine ribonucleoside monophosphate
  • Pentose phosphate
  • Pentose-5-phosphate
  • Glycosyl compound
  • N-glycosyl compound
  • 6-oxopurine
  • Hypoxanthine
  • Monosaccharide phosphate
  • Pentose monosaccharide
  • Imidazopyrimidine
  • Purine
  • Aminopyrimidine
  • Monoalkyl phosphate
  • Pyrimidone
  • Alkyl phosphate
  • Pyrimidine
  • Monosaccharide
  • N-substituted imidazole
  • Organic phosphoric acid derivative
  • Phosphoric acid ester
  • Tetrahydrofuran
  • Azole
  • Imidazole
  • Heteroaromatic compound
  • Vinylogous amide
  • 1,2-diol
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Oxacycle
  • Azacycle
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Primary amine
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Amine
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organic oxide
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Alcohol
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Physiological effect
Disposition
Process
Naturally occurring process
RoleNot Available
Physical Properties
StateSolid
Experimental Molecular Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility369 mg/mLNot Available
LogPNot AvailableNot Available
Experimental Chromatographic Properties

Experimental Collision Cross Sections

Adduct TypeData SourceCCS Value (Å2)Reference
[M-H]-Not Available170.4http://allccs.zhulab.cn/database/detail?ID=AllCCS00000168
[M+H]+Not Available180.1http://allccs.zhulab.cn/database/detail?ID=AllCCS00000168
Predicted Molecular Properties
Predicted Chromatographic Properties
Spectra
Biological Properties
Cellular Locations
  • Extracellular
  • Mitochondria
  • Nucleus
  • Lysosome
  • Golgi apparatus
Biospecimen Locations
  • Blood
  • Saliva
Tissue Locations
  • Bladder
  • Epidermis
  • Heart
  • Intestine
  • Neuron
  • Platelet
  • Smooth Muscle
Pathways
Normal Concentrations
BiospecimenStatusValueAgeSexConditionReferenceDetails
BloodDetected and Quantified0.0099 +/- 0.0024 uMAdult (>18 years old)MaleNormal
    • Geigy Scientific ...
details
BloodDetected and Quantified0.0095 +/- 0.0021 uMAdult (>18 years old)FemaleNormal
    • Geigy Scientific ...
details
SalivaDetected and Quantified0.0898 +/- 0.212 uMAdult (>18 years old)Female
Normal
    • Sugimoto et al. (...
details
SalivaDetected and Quantified0.199 +/- 0.245 uMAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
    • Sugimoto et al. (...
details
SalivaDetected and Quantified0.262 +/- 0.501 uMAdult (>18 years old)Female
Normal
    • Sugimoto et al. (...
details
SalivaDetected and Quantified0.312 +/- 0.229 uMAdult (>18 years old)Both
Normal
    • Sugimoto et al. (...
details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available
Associated Disorders and Diseases
Disease ReferencesNone
Associated OMIM IDsNone
DrugBank IDDB01972
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FooDB IDFDB030896
KNApSAcK IDC00019635
Chemspider ID6545
KEGG Compound IDC00144
BioCyc IDGMP
BiGG ID34024
Wikipedia LinkGuanosine_monophosphate
METLIN ID6216
PubChem Compound6804
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID17345
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDGMP
MarkerDB IDNot Available
Good Scents IDNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceSato, Katsuaki; Matsui, Hiroshi; Ei, Hitoshi; Takinami, Koichi. Guanosine-5'-monophosphate. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho (1979), 3 pp.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Not Available
General References

Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 198 proteins in total.

Enzymes

General function:
Involved in hydrolase activity
Specific function:
Hydrolyzes extracellular nucleotides into membrane permeable nucleosides.
Gene Name:
NT5E
Uniprot ID:
P21589
Molecular weight:
57948.125
Reactions
Guanosine monophosphate + Water → Guanosine + Phosphatedetails
General function:
Involved in nucleotide binding
Specific function:
Dephosphorylates the 5' and 2'(3')-phosphates of deoxyribonucleotides. Helps to regulate adenosine levels (By similarity).
Gene Name:
NT5C1B
Uniprot ID:
Q96P26
Molecular weight:
68803.055
Reactions
Guanosine monophosphate + Water → Guanosine + Phosphatedetails
General function:
Involved in nucleotide binding
Specific function:
Dephosphorylates the 5' and 2'(3')-phosphates of deoxyribonucleotides and has a broad substrate specificity. Helps to regulate adenosine levels in heart during ischemia and hypoxia.
Gene Name:
NT5C1A
Uniprot ID:
Q9BXI3
Molecular weight:
41020.145
Reactions
Guanosine monophosphate + Water → Guanosine + Phosphatedetails
General function:
Involved in metal ion binding
Specific function:
Dephosphorylates the 5' and 2'(3')-phosphates of deoxyribonucleotides, with a preference for dUMP and dTMP, intermediate activity towards dGMP, and low activity towards dCMP and dAMP.
Gene Name:
NT5C
Uniprot ID:
Q8TCD5
Molecular weight:
Not Available
Reactions
Guanosine monophosphate + Water → Guanosine + Phosphatedetails
General function:
Involved in phosphatase activity
Specific function:
Dephosphorylates specifically the 5' and 2'(3')-phosphates of uracil and thymine deoxyribonucleotides, and so protects mitochondrial DNA replication from excess dTTP. Has only marginal activity towards dIMP and dGMP.
Gene Name:
NT5M
Uniprot ID:
Q9NPB1
Molecular weight:
Not Available
Reactions
Guanosine monophosphate + Water → Guanosine + Phosphatedetails
General function:
Involved in hydrolase activity
Specific function:
In the nervous system, could hydrolyze ATP and other nucleotides to regulate purinergic neurotransmission. Could also be implicated in the prevention of platelet aggregation by hydrolyzing platelet-activating ADP to AMP. Hydrolyzes ATP and ADP equally well.
Gene Name:
ENTPD1
Uniprot ID:
P49961
Molecular weight:
58706.0
Reactions
Guanosine diphosphate + Water → Guanosine monophosphate + Phosphatedetails
General function:
Involved in calcium ion binding
Specific function:
Calcium-dependent nucleotidase with a preference for UDP. The order of activity with different substrates is UDP > GDP > UTP > GTP. Has very low activity towards ADP and even lower activity towards ATP. Does not hydrolyze AMP and GMP. Involved in proteoglycan synthesis.
Gene Name:
CANT1
Uniprot ID:
Q8WVQ1
Molecular weight:
44839.24
Reactions
Guanosine diphosphate + Water → Guanosine monophosphate + Phosphatedetails
General function:
Involved in hydrolase activity
Specific function:
Has a threefold preference for the hydrolysis of ATP over ADP.
Gene Name:
ENTPD3
Uniprot ID:
O75355
Molecular weight:
59104.76
Reactions
Guanosine diphosphate + Water → Guanosine monophosphate + Phosphatedetails
General function:
Involved in hydrolase activity
Specific function:
Pyrophosphatase that hydrolyzes the non-canonical purine nucleotides inosine triphosphate (ITP), deoxyinosine triphosphate (dITP) as well as 2'-deoxy-N-6-hydroxylaminopurine triposphate (dHAPTP) and xanthosine 5'-triphosphate (XTP) to their respective monophosphate derivatives. The enzyme does not distinguish between the deoxy- and ribose forms. Probably excludes non-canonical purines from RNA and DNA precursor pools, thus preventing their incorporation into RNA and DNA and avoiding chromosomal lesions.
Gene Name:
ITPA
Uniprot ID:
Q9BY32
Molecular weight:
16833.23
Reactions
Guanosine triphosphate + Water → Guanosine monophosphate + Pyrophosphatedetails
General function:
Involved in adenine phosphoribosyltransferase activity
Specific function:
Catalyzes a salvage reaction resulting in the formation of AMP, that is energically less costly than de novo synthesis.
Gene Name:
APRT
Uniprot ID:
P07741
Molecular weight:
19607.535
Reactions
Guanosine monophosphate + Pyrophosphate → Guanine + Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphatedetails

Only showing the first 10 proteins. There are 198 proteins in total.