A contusion is a region of injured tissue in which blood capillaries have been ruptured without laceration (bruise). Brain contusions are bruises of the cortical surface that damage the surface from the outside inward, producing disruption of tissue and vessels. The term cerebral contusion describes the pathology of focal necrosis and hemorrhage, typically observed in older children, involving particularly cerebral cortex and subcortical white matter. Such lesions are usually found in coup and contrecoup, as well as inferior orbital, frontal, and temporal locations. Cerebral contusions cause permanent damage to tissues of the cerebrum. The etiology of cerebral contusion is trauma to the head. [from
HPO]