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Abnormal serum osmolality

MedGen UID:: 1053100
•Concept ID:: CN377508
•: Finding

HPO:	HP:6000679

Definition

Any deviation from the normal range of the serum osmolality, defined as the sum of the osmolalities of every single dissolved particle in the blood such as sodium and associated anions, potassium, glucose, and urea. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

GTR
MeSH

CClinical test, RResearch test, OOMIM, GGeneReviews, VClinVar

CROGVAbnormal serum osmolality

Phenotypic abnormality
- Abnormality of metabolism/homeostasis
  - Abnormal homeostasis
    - Abnormality of fluid regulation
      - Abnormal serum osmolality
        High serum osmolality
        Low serum osmolality

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Development of diagnostic criteria and severity scale for polydipsia: A systematic literature review and well-experienced clinicians' consensus.

Sakuma M, Misawa F, Maeda M, Fujii Y, Uchida H, Mimura M, Takeuchi H
Psychiatry Res 2021 Mar;297:113708. Epub 2021 Jan 4 doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113708. PMID: 33461119

See all (1)

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Demystifying hyponatremia: A clinical guide to evaluation and management.

Bhasin-Chhabra B, Veitla V, Weinberg S, Koratala A
Nutr Clin Pract 2022 Oct;37(5):1023-1032. Epub 2022 Aug 29 doi: 10.1002/ncp.10907. PMID: 36036229

Management of Diabetes Insipidus following Surgery for Pituitary and Suprasellar Tumours.

Almalki MH, Ahmad MM, Brema I, Almehthel M, AlDahmani KM, Mahzari M, Beshyah SA
Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2021 Aug;21(3):354-364. Epub 2021 Aug 29 doi: 10.18295/squmj.4.2021.010. PMID: 34522399 Free PMC Article

A multidisciplinary consensus on dehydration: definitions, diagnostic methods and clinical implications.

Lacey J, Corbett J, Forni L, Hooper L, Hughes F, Minto G, Moss C, Price S, Whyte G, Woodcock T, Mythen M, Montgomery H
Ann Med 2019 May-Jun;51(3-4):232-251. Epub 2019 Jun 17 doi: 10.1080/07853890.2019.1628352. PMID: 31204514 Free PMC Article

Diagnosis and treatment of hyponatraemia.

Ball SG, Iqbal Z
Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2016 Mar;30(2):161-73. Epub 2015 Dec 30 doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2015.12.001. PMID: 27156756

Hyponatremia: A Review.

Buffington MA, Abreo K
J Intensive Care Med 2016 May;31(4):223-36. Epub 2015 Jan 14 doi: 10.1177/0885066614566794. PMID: 25592330

See all (176)

Diagnosis

Demystifying hyponatremia: A clinical guide to evaluation and management.

Bhasin-Chhabra B, Veitla V, Weinberg S, Koratala A
Nutr Clin Pract 2022 Oct;37(5):1023-1032. Epub 2022 Aug 29 doi: 10.1002/ncp.10907. PMID: 36036229

Management of Diabetes Insipidus following Surgery for Pituitary and Suprasellar Tumours.

Diagnosis and Management of Disorders of Body Tonicity-Hyponatremia and Hypernatremia: Core Curriculum 2020.

Seay NW, Lehrich RW, Greenberg A
Am J Kidney Dis 2020 Feb;75(2):272-286. Epub 2019 Oct 10 doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2019.07.014. PMID: 31606238

A multidisciplinary consensus on dehydration: definitions, diagnostic methods and clinical implications.

Hyponatremia: A Review.

Buffington MA, Abreo K
J Intensive Care Med 2016 May;31(4):223-36. Epub 2015 Jan 14 doi: 10.1177/0885066614566794. PMID: 25592330

See all (136)

Therapy

Prescribed Water Intake in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease.

Rangan GK, Wong ATY, Munt A, Zhang JQJ, Saravanabavan S, Louw S, Allman-Farinelli M, Badve SV, Boudville N, Chan J, Coolican H, Coulshed S, Edwards ME, Erickson BJ, Fernando M, Foster S, Gregory AV, Haloob I, Hawley CM, Holt J, Howard K, Howell M, Johnson DW, Kline TL, Kumar K, Lee VW, Lonergan M, Mai J, McCloud P, Pascoe E, Peduto A, Rangan A, Roger SD, Sherfan J, Sud K, Torres VE, Vilayur E, Harris DCH
NEJM Evid 2022 Jan;1(1):EVIDoa2100021. Epub 2021 Nov 4 doi: 10.1056/EVIDoa2100021. PMID: 38319283

Sodium Abnormalities in Cardiac Surgery With Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Adults: A Narrative Review.

Leong XF, Cheng M, Jong B, Hwang NC, Roscoe A
J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2021 Nov;35(11):3374-3384. Epub 2020 Jul 17 doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2020.07.047. PMID: 32888797

Hyponatremia: A Review.

Buffington MA, Abreo K
J Intensive Care Med 2016 May;31(4):223-36. Epub 2015 Jan 14 doi: 10.1177/0885066614566794. PMID: 25592330

Diabetes insipidus following resection of pituitary tumors.

Schreckinger M, Szerlip N, Mittal S
Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2013 Feb;115(2):121-6. Epub 2012 Aug 24 doi: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2012.08.009. PMID: 22921808

Hyponatremia in hospitalized patients: the potential role of tolvaptan.

Deitelzweig SB, McCormick L
Hosp Pract (1995) 2011 Aug;39(3):87-98. doi: 10.3810/hp.2011.08.584. PMID: 21881396

See all (144)

Prognosis

Electrolyte Imbalance in Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis: It Is Not All in Your Head.

Gadoth A, Nisnboym M, Alcalay Y, Zubkov A, Schwartz I, Schwartz D, Abboud M, Rubinek T, Yossepowitch O, Weinstein T
Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2023 Nov;10(6) Epub 2023 Aug 17 doi: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000200155. PMID: 37591767 Free PMC Article

Clinical analysis of the serum muscle enzyme spectrum of patients with newly diagnosed Sheehan's syndrome.

Gao H, Xiang Q, Li J, Yu M, Lan Y, Ba J, Liu Y, Tian H
Medicine (Baltimore) 2022 Sep 30;101(39):e30834. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000030834. PMID: 36181079 Free PMC Article

A multidisciplinary consensus on dehydration: definitions, diagnostic methods and clinical implications.

A Mystery of Patent Ductus Arteriosus and Serum Osmolality in Preterm Infants.

Cakir U, Tayman C
Am J Perinatol 2019 May;36(6):641-646. Epub 2018 Oct 6 doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1673397. PMID: 30292174

Vasopressin receptor antagonists.

Greenberg A, Verbalis JG
Kidney Int 2006 Jun;69(12):2124-30. Epub 2006 May 3 doi: 10.1038/sj.ki.5000432. PMID: 16672911

See all (72)

Clinical prediction guides

Clinical analysis of the serum muscle enzyme spectrum of patients with newly diagnosed Sheehan's syndrome.

Gao H, Xiang Q, Li J, Yu M, Lan Y, Ba J, Liu Y, Tian H
Medicine (Baltimore) 2022 Sep 30;101(39):e30834. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000030834. PMID: 36181079 Free PMC Article

Management of Diabetes Insipidus following Surgery for Pituitary and Suprasellar Tumours.

A Mystery of Patent Ductus Arteriosus and Serum Osmolality in Preterm Infants.

Cakir U, Tayman C
Am J Perinatol 2019 May;36(6):641-646. Epub 2018 Oct 6 doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1673397. PMID: 30292174

Vasopressin receptor antagonists.

Greenberg A, Verbalis JG
Kidney Int 2006 Jun;69(12):2124-30. Epub 2006 May 3 doi: 10.1038/sj.ki.5000432. PMID: 16672911

Treatment of hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar non-ketotic syndrome.

Levine SN, Sanson TH
Drugs 1989 Sep;38(3):462-72. doi: 10.2165/00003495-198938030-00007. PMID: 2680438

See all (107)

Recent systematic reviews

Development of diagnostic criteria and severity scale for polydipsia: A systematic literature review and well-experienced clinicians' consensus.

Sakuma M, Misawa F, Maeda M, Fujii Y, Uchida H, Mimura M, Takeuchi H
Psychiatry Res 2021 Mar;297:113708. Epub 2021 Jan 4 doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113708. PMID: 33461119

See all (1)

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Abnormal serum osmolality

Definition

Term Hierarchy

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Diagnosis

Therapy

Prognosis

Clinical prediction guides

Recent systematic reviews

Supplemental Content

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Clinical resources

Practice guidelines

Consumer resources

Reviews

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