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Mammary blocked duct

MedGen UID:
1054863
•Concept ID:
CN376485
•
Finding
Synonyms: Galactocele; Lactation duct obstruction
 
HPO: HP:0430075

Definition

Blocked mammary ducts represent an area of localized milk stasis, typically associated with breast engorgement and resulting in a localized tender breast lump or area of blushed color; the breast may feel hot; and there may be a white, painful bleb on the end of the nipple. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVMammary blocked duct

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Salivary duct carcinoma: Updates in histology, cytology, molecular biology, and treatment.
Nakaguro M, Tada Y, Faquin WC, Sadow PM, Wirth LJ, Nagao T
Cancer Cytopathol 2020 Oct;128(10):693-703. Epub 2020 May 18 doi: 10.1002/cncy.22288. PMID: 32421944Free PMC Article
Imaging approaches to diagnosis and management of common ductal abnormalities.
Ferris-James DM, Iuanow E, Mehta TS, Shaheen RM, Slanetz PJ
Radiographics 2012 Jul-Aug;32(4):1009-30. doi: 10.1148/rg.324115150. PMID: 22786991

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Immunohistochemical Expression Of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2 (Her-2) In Common Salivary Gland Carcinomas.
Saeed Z, Zafar N, Ara N, Muneer S, Asif Z, Haroon A, Saeed Z
J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2023 Apr-Jun;35(2):280-284. doi: 10.55519/JAMC-02-11647. PMID: 37422821
Maternal Risk Factors for Lactation Mastitis: A Meta-analysis.
Deng Y, Huang Y, Ning P, Ma SG, He PY, Wang Y
West J Nurs Res 2021 Jul;43(7):698-708. Epub 2020 Oct 22 doi: 10.1177/0193945920967674. PMID: 33089754
An update on the recognition and management of lactational breast inflammation.
Betzold CM
J Midwifery Womens Health 2007 Nov-Dec;52(6):595-605. doi: 10.1016/j.jmwh.2007.08.002. PMID: 17983997
Risk factors for lactation mastitis.
Fetherston C
J Hum Lact 1998 Jun;14(2):101-9. doi: 10.1177/089033449801400209. PMID: 9775842
Estrogens, progestogens, normal breast cell proliferation, and breast cancer risk.
Pike MC, Spicer DV, Dahmoush L, Press MF
Epidemiol Rev 1993;15(1):17-35. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.epirev.a036102. PMID: 8405201

Diagnosis

Salivary duct carcinoma: Updates in histology, cytology, molecular biology, and treatment.
Nakaguro M, Tada Y, Faquin WC, Sadow PM, Wirth LJ, Nagao T
Cancer Cytopathol 2020 Oct;128(10):693-703. Epub 2020 May 18 doi: 10.1002/cncy.22288. PMID: 32421944Free PMC Article
Breast pain in lactating mothers.
Leung SS
Hong Kong Med J 2016 Aug;22(4):341-6. Epub 2016 Jun 17 doi: 10.12809/hkmj154762. PMID: 27313273
Imaging approaches to diagnosis and management of common ductal abnormalities.
Ferris-James DM, Iuanow E, Mehta TS, Shaheen RM, Slanetz PJ
Radiographics 2012 Jul-Aug;32(4):1009-30. doi: 10.1148/rg.324115150. PMID: 22786991
An update on the recognition and management of lactational breast inflammation.
Betzold CM
J Midwifery Womens Health 2007 Nov-Dec;52(6):595-605. doi: 10.1016/j.jmwh.2007.08.002. PMID: 17983997
Risk factors for lactation mastitis.
Fetherston C
J Hum Lact 1998 Jun;14(2):101-9. doi: 10.1177/089033449801400209. PMID: 9775842

Therapy

Effectiveness of acupuncture in the treatment of cyclic mastalgia: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
Yu C, Wang J, Shen B, Li X, Zhang R, Qin Y, Jian G, Guo J
BMC Complement Med Ther 2022 Nov 18;22(1):297. doi: 10.1186/s12906-022-03779-8. PMID: 36401325Free PMC Article
Maternal Risk Factors for Lactation Mastitis: A Meta-analysis.
Deng Y, Huang Y, Ning P, Ma SG, He PY, Wang Y
West J Nurs Res 2021 Jul;43(7):698-708. Epub 2020 Oct 22 doi: 10.1177/0193945920967674. PMID: 33089754
Risk factors for mastitis in breastfeeding women: results of a prospective cohort study.
Kinlay JR, O'Connell DL, Kinlay S
Aust N Z J Public Health 2001 Apr;25(2):115-20. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-6405.2001.tb01831.x. PMID: 11357905
Sclerosing canaliculitis after 5-fluorouracil breast cancer chemotherapy.
Lee V, Bentley CR, Olver JM
Eye (Lond) 1998;12 ( Pt 3a):343-9. doi: 10.1038/eye.1998.83. PMID: 9775228
Too much of a good thing. Maternal and infant hyperlactation syndromes.
Livingstone V
Can Fam Physician 1996 Jan;42:89-99. PMID: 8924818Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Salivary duct carcinoma: Updates in histology, cytology, molecular biology, and treatment.
Nakaguro M, Tada Y, Faquin WC, Sadow PM, Wirth LJ, Nagao T
Cancer Cytopathol 2020 Oct;128(10):693-703. Epub 2020 May 18 doi: 10.1002/cncy.22288. PMID: 32421944Free PMC Article
STAT6 knockdown using multiple siRNA sequences inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of human colorectal and breast cancer cell lines.
Salguero-Aranda C, Sancho-Mensat D, Canals-Lorente B, Sultan S, Reginald A, Chapman L
PLoS One 2019;14(5):e0207558. Epub 2019 May 10 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207558. PMID: 31075146Free PMC Article
Differential expression of hormonal and growth factor receptors in salivary duct carcinomas: biologic significance and potential role in therapeutic stratification of patients.
Williams MD, Roberts D, Blumenschein GR Jr, Temam S, Kies MS, Rosenthal DI, Weber RS, El-Naggar AK
Am J Surg Pathol 2007 Nov;31(11):1645-52. doi: 10.1097/PAS.0b013e3180caa099. PMID: 18059220
DNA replication licensing and cell cycle kinetics of normal and neoplastic breast.
Shetty A, Loddo M, Fanshawe T, Prevost AT, Sainsbury R, Williams GH, Stoeber K
Br J Cancer 2005 Nov 28;93(11):1295-300. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602829. PMID: 16278669Free PMC Article
Risk factors for lactation mastitis.
Fetherston C
J Hum Lact 1998 Jun;14(2):101-9. doi: 10.1177/089033449801400209. PMID: 9775842

Clinical prediction guides

Mammary epithelial tubes elongate through MAPK-dependent coordination of cell migration.
Huebner RJ, Neumann NM, Ewald AJ
Development 2016 Mar 15;143(6):983-93. Epub 2016 Feb 2 doi: 10.1242/dev.127944. PMID: 26839364Free PMC Article
Host epithelial geometry regulates breast cancer cell invasiveness.
Boghaert E, Gleghorn JP, Lee K, Gjorevski N, Radisky DC, Nelson CM
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012 Nov 27;109(48):19632-7. Epub 2012 Nov 12 doi: 10.1073/pnas.1118872109. PMID: 23150585Free PMC Article
Breast duct anatomy in the human nipple: three-dimensional patterns and clinical implications.
Rusby JE, Brachtel EF, Michaelson JS, Koerner FC, Smith BL
Breast Cancer Res Treat 2007 Dec;106(2):171-9. Epub 2007 Jan 13 doi: 10.1007/s10549-006-9487-2. PMID: 17221150
DNA replication licensing and cell cycle kinetics of normal and neoplastic breast.
Shetty A, Loddo M, Fanshawe T, Prevost AT, Sainsbury R, Williams GH, Stoeber K
Br J Cancer 2005 Nov 28;93(11):1295-300. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602829. PMID: 16278669Free PMC Article
Risk factors for lactation mastitis.
Fetherston C
J Hum Lact 1998 Jun;14(2):101-9. doi: 10.1177/089033449801400209. PMID: 9775842

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