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Varicose Vein of Lower Extremities with Inflammation

MedGen UID:
12049
•Concept ID:
C0042347
•
Disease or Syndrome

Definition

Inflammation of enlarged and tortuous veins in the hip, thigh, leg and/or foot. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVVaricose Vein of Lower Extremities with Inflammation

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Stasis Dermatitis: An Overview of Its Clinical Presentation, Pathogenesis, and Management.
Yosipovitch G, Nedorost ST, Silverberg JI, Friedman AJ, Canosa JM, Cha A
Am J Clin Dermatol 2023 Mar;24(2):275-286. Epub 2023 Feb 17 doi: 10.1007/s40257-022-00753-5. PMID: 36800152Free PMC Article
Venous leg ulceration pathophysiology and evidence based treatment.
Chi YW, Raffetto JD
Vasc Med 2015 Apr;20(2):168-81. doi: 10.1177/1358863X14568677. PMID: 25832604
Diagnosis and management of venous ulcers.
Carr SC
Perspect Vasc Surg Endovasc Ther 2008 Mar;20(1):82-5. Epub 2008 Apr 2 doi: 10.1177/1531003507313218. PMID: 18388013

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Lower limb cellulitis: low diagnostic accuracy and underdiagnosis of risk factors.
Mistry K, Sutherland M, Levell NJ
Clin Exp Dermatol 2019 Jul;44(5):e193-e195. Epub 2019 Feb 25 doi: 10.1111/ced.13930. PMID: 30687958
Benefit of anticoagulation for the treatment of lower extremity superficial venous thrombosis.
Raffetto JD, Eberhardt RT
J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2015 Apr;3(2):236-41. Epub 2015 Jan 17 doi: 10.1016/j.jvsv.2014.11.005. PMID: 26993846
Biomarkers of low-grade inflammation in primary varicose veins of the lower limbs.
Flore R, Ponziani FR, Gerardino L, Santoliquido A, Di Giorgio A, Lupascu A, Nesci A, Tondi P
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2015 Feb;19(4):557-62. PMID: 25753870
Pathophysiology of chronic venous disease.
Raffetto JD, Mannello F
Int Angiol 2014 Jun;33(3):212-21. Epub 2014 Apr 23 PMID: 24755829
Causes and effects of the chronic inflammation in venous leg ulcers.
Agren MS, Eaglstein WH, Ferguson MW, Harding KG, Moore K, Saarialho-Kere UK, Schultz GS
Acta Derm Venereol Suppl (Stockh) 2000;210:3-17. PMID: 10884942

Diagnosis

Stasis Dermatitis: An Overview of Its Clinical Presentation, Pathogenesis, and Management.
Yosipovitch G, Nedorost ST, Silverberg JI, Friedman AJ, Canosa JM, Cha A
Am J Clin Dermatol 2023 Mar;24(2):275-286. Epub 2023 Feb 17 doi: 10.1007/s40257-022-00753-5. PMID: 36800152Free PMC Article
Chronic venous disease. Part 1: pathophysiology and clinical features.
Kumar P, Khan IA, Das A, Shah H
Clin Exp Dermatol 2022 Jul;47(7):1228-1239. Epub 2022 Apr 5 doi: 10.1111/ced.15143. PMID: 35167156
Lower limb cellulitis: low diagnostic accuracy and underdiagnosis of risk factors.
Mistry K, Sutherland M, Levell NJ
Clin Exp Dermatol 2019 Jul;44(5):e193-e195. Epub 2019 Feb 25 doi: 10.1111/ced.13930. PMID: 30687958
Pathophysiology of chronic venous disease.
Raffetto JD, Mannello F
Int Angiol 2014 Jun;33(3):212-21. Epub 2014 Apr 23 PMID: 24755829
Varicose eczema.
Reinharez D
Phlebologie 1982 Jan-Mar;35(1):259-72. PMID: 7071175

Therapy

Use of chitosan-based dressings for the management of a chronic lower limb ulcer: a case report.
Kulkarni M, Deshpande S, Lokapure S
Wounds 2022 Feb;34(2):E13-E16. doi: 10.25270/wnds/2022.e1316. PMID: 35801967
Lower limb cellulitis: low diagnostic accuracy and underdiagnosis of risk factors.
Mistry K, Sutherland M, Levell NJ
Clin Exp Dermatol 2019 Jul;44(5):e193-e195. Epub 2019 Feb 25 doi: 10.1111/ced.13930. PMID: 30687958
Benefit of anticoagulation for the treatment of lower extremity superficial venous thrombosis.
Raffetto JD, Eberhardt RT
J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2015 Apr;3(2):236-41. Epub 2015 Jan 17 doi: 10.1016/j.jvsv.2014.11.005. PMID: 26993846
Matrix Metalloproteinases as Regulators of Vein Structure and Function: Implications in Chronic Venous Disease.
MacColl E, Khalil RA
J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2015 Dec;355(3):410-28. Epub 2015 Aug 28 doi: 10.1124/jpet.115.227330. PMID: 26319699Free PMC Article
Matrix metalloproteinases as potential targets in the venous dilation associated with varicose veins.
Kucukguven A, Khalil RA
Curr Drug Targets 2013 Mar;14(3):287-324. PMID: 23316963Free PMC Article

Prognosis

An observational study protocol to explore loneliness and systemic inflammation in an older adult population with chronic venous leg ulcers.
Kelechi TJ, Muise-Helmericks RC, Theeke LA, Cole SW, Madisetti M, Mueller M, Prentice MA
BMC Geriatr 2021 Feb 10;21(1):118. doi: 10.1186/s12877-021-02060-w. PMID: 33568107Free PMC Article
Foam sclerotherapy compared with liquid sclerotherapy for the treatment of lower extremity varicose veins: A protocol for systematic review and meta analysis.
Bi M, Li D, Chen Z, Wang Y, Ren J, Zhang W
Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 May 29;99(22):e20332. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000020332. PMID: 32481409
Functional polymorphism rs1024611 in the MCP1 gene is associated with the risk of varicose veins of lower extremities.
Shadrina AS, Smetanina MA, Sevost'ianova KS, Seliverstov EI, Ilyukhin EA, Voronina EN, Zolotukhin IA, Filipenko ML
J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2017 Jul;5(4):561-566. Epub 2017 Feb 20 doi: 10.1016/j.jvsv.2016.12.008. PMID: 28623996
Clinical characteristics of patients with lower limb cellulitis and antibiotic usage in Hospital Kuala Lumpur: a 7-year retrospective study.
Ch'ng CC, Johar A
Int J Dermatol 2016 Jan;55(1):30-5. Epub 2015 Aug 14 doi: 10.1111/ijd.12850. PMID: 26275796
Pathophysiology of chronic venous disease.
Raffetto JD, Mannello F
Int Angiol 2014 Jun;33(3):212-21. Epub 2014 Apr 23 PMID: 24755829

Clinical prediction guides

Subcutaneous calcifications in legs with chronic venous diseases.
Caggiati A, Mosti G
J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2022 May;10(3):689-696. Epub 2022 Feb 23 doi: 10.1016/j.jvsv.2022.02.008. PMID: 35217216
An observational study protocol to explore loneliness and systemic inflammation in an older adult population with chronic venous leg ulcers.
Kelechi TJ, Muise-Helmericks RC, Theeke LA, Cole SW, Madisetti M, Mueller M, Prentice MA
BMC Geriatr 2021 Feb 10;21(1):118. doi: 10.1186/s12877-021-02060-w. PMID: 33568107Free PMC Article
Venous leg ulceration pathophysiology and evidence based treatment.
Chi YW, Raffetto JD
Vasc Med 2015 Apr;20(2):168-81. doi: 10.1177/1358863X14568677. PMID: 25832604
Pathophysiology of chronic venous disease.
Raffetto JD, Mannello F
Int Angiol 2014 Jun;33(3):212-21. Epub 2014 Apr 23 PMID: 24755829
Clinical presentation and patterns of venous reflux in Thai patients with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI).
Kanchanabat B, Wongmahisorn Y, Stapanavatr W, Kanchanasuttirak P, Manomaiphiboon A
Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2010 Sep;40(3):399-402. Epub 2010 Jun 18 doi: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2010.04.017. PMID: 20561800

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