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Generalized convulsive status epilepticus

MedGen UID:
137148
•Concept ID:
C0311335
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: Generalised convulsive status epilepticus
SNOMED CT: Grand mal status (13973009); Convulsive status epilepticus (13973009)
 
HPO: HP:0032661

Definition

A type of bilateral convulsive seizure of generalized onset that is sufficiently prolonged (or repeated without recovery) to reach the threshold for status epilepticus. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVGeneralized convulsive status epilepticus

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Advances in the management of generalized convulsive status epilepticus: what have we learned?
Neligan A, Rajakulendran S, Walker MC
Brain 2021 Jun 22;144(5):1336-1341. doi: 10.1093/brain/awab049. PMID: 33778866
Management of status epilepticus.
Pichler M, Hocker S
Handb Clin Neurol 2017;140:131-151. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-63600-3.00009-X. PMID: 28187796
Current Trends in Treatment of Status Epilepticus and Refractory Status Epilepticus.
Betjemann JP
Semin Neurol 2015 Dec;35(6):621-8. Epub 2015 Nov 23 doi: 10.1055/s-0035-1564304. PMID: 26595862

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Incidence rate and risk factors of status epilepticus after stroke.
Wang H, Chen D, Tan G, Zhu LN, Liu L
Seizure 2021 Oct;91:491-498. Epub 2021 Jul 31 doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2021.07.029. PMID: 34358846
Early-hospital readmission after generalized status epilepticus during stroke hospitalization.
Lekoubou A, Bishu KG, Ovbiagele B
J Neurol Sci 2021 Jan 15;420:117258. Epub 2020 Nov 30 doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2020.117258. PMID: 33278662
Current Trends in Treatment of Status Epilepticus and Refractory Status Epilepticus.
Betjemann JP
Semin Neurol 2015 Dec;35(6):621-8. Epub 2015 Nov 23 doi: 10.1055/s-0035-1564304. PMID: 26595862
A comparison of four treatments for generalized convulsive status epilepticus. Veterans Affairs Status Epilepticus Cooperative Study Group.
Treiman DM, Meyers PD, Walton NY, Collins JF, Colling C, Rowan AJ, Handforth A, Faught E, Calabrese VP, Uthman BM, Ramsay RE, Mamdani MB
N Engl J Med 1998 Sep 17;339(12):792-8. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199809173391202. PMID: 9738086
Systemic effects of generalized convulsive status epilepticus.
Walton NY
Epilepsia 1993;34 Suppl 1:S54-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1993.tb05906.x. PMID: 8462491

Diagnosis

Seizures in the critically ill.
Ch'ang J, Claassen J
Handb Clin Neurol 2017;141:507-529. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-63599-0.00028-4. PMID: 28190433
Management of status epilepticus.
Pichler M, Hocker S
Handb Clin Neurol 2017;140:131-151. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-63600-3.00009-X. PMID: 28187796
Status Epilepticus: What's New?
Khoujah D, Abraham MK
Emerg Med Clin North Am 2016 Nov;34(4):759-776. Epub 2016 Sep 3 doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2016.06.012. PMID: 27741987
Pathophysiology and definitions of seizures and status epilepticus.
Huff JS, Fountain NB
Emerg Med Clin North Am 2011 Feb;29(1):1-13. doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2010.08.001. PMID: 21109098
A comparison of four treatments for generalized convulsive status epilepticus. Veterans Affairs Status Epilepticus Cooperative Study Group.
Treiman DM, Meyers PD, Walton NY, Collins JF, Colling C, Rowan AJ, Handforth A, Faught E, Calabrese VP, Uthman BM, Ramsay RE, Mamdani MB
N Engl J Med 1998 Sep 17;339(12):792-8. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199809173391202. PMID: 9738086

Therapy

Advances in the management of generalized convulsive status epilepticus: what have we learned?
Neligan A, Rajakulendran S, Walker MC
Brain 2021 Jun 22;144(5):1336-1341. doi: 10.1093/brain/awab049. PMID: 33778866
Acute Systemic Complications of Convulsive Status Epilepticus-A Systematic Review.
Sutter R, Dittrich T, Semmlack S, Rüegg S, Marsch S, Kaplan PW
Crit Care Med 2018 Jan;46(1):138-145. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000002843. PMID: 29099419
Status Epilepticus: What's New?
Khoujah D, Abraham MK
Emerg Med Clin North Am 2016 Nov;34(4):759-776. Epub 2016 Sep 3 doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2016.06.012. PMID: 27741987
A comparison of four treatments for generalized convulsive status epilepticus. Veterans Affairs Status Epilepticus Cooperative Study Group.
Treiman DM, Meyers PD, Walton NY, Collins JF, Colling C, Rowan AJ, Handforth A, Faught E, Calabrese VP, Uthman BM, Ramsay RE, Mamdani MB
N Engl J Med 1998 Sep 17;339(12):792-8. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199809173391202. PMID: 9738086
Generalized convulsive status epilepticus.
Cascino GD
Mayo Clin Proc 1996 Aug;71(8):787-92. doi: 10.1016/S0025-6196(11)64844-1. PMID: 8691900

Prognosis

Incidence rate and risk factors of status epilepticus after stroke.
Wang H, Chen D, Tan G, Zhu LN, Liu L
Seizure 2021 Oct;91:491-498. Epub 2021 Jul 31 doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2021.07.029. PMID: 34358846
Advances in the management of generalized convulsive status epilepticus: what have we learned?
Neligan A, Rajakulendran S, Walker MC
Brain 2021 Jun 22;144(5):1336-1341. doi: 10.1093/brain/awab049. PMID: 33778866
Management of status epilepticus.
Pichler M, Hocker S
Handb Clin Neurol 2017;140:131-151. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-63600-3.00009-X. PMID: 28187796
Refractory status epilepticus: new insights in presentation, treatment, and outcome.
Hocker S, Wijdicks EF, Rabinstein AA
Neurol Res 2013 Mar;35(2):163-8. Epub 2012 Dec 13 doi: 10.1179/1743132812Y.0000000128. PMID: 23336320
Status epilepticus.
Treiman DM
Baillieres Clin Neurol 1996 Dec;5(4):821-39. PMID: 9068883

Clinical prediction guides

Levetiracetam and Midazolam vs Midazolam Alone for First-Line Treatment of Children With Generalized Convulsive Status Epilepticus (Lev-Mid Study): A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Elshater AA, Sadek AA, Abdelkreem E
Indian Pediatr 2023 Aug 15;60(8):630-636. Epub 2023 Mar 20 PMID: 37211889
Status epilepticus in Hashimoto's encephalopathy.
Ercoli T, Defazio G, Muroni A
Seizure 2019 Aug;70:1-5. Epub 2019 Jun 13 doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2019.06.020. PMID: 31228700
Refractory status epilepticus: new insights in presentation, treatment, and outcome.
Hocker S, Wijdicks EF, Rabinstein AA
Neurol Res 2013 Mar;35(2):163-8. Epub 2012 Dec 13 doi: 10.1179/1743132812Y.0000000128. PMID: 23336320
Treatment of convulsive status epilepticus.
Treiman DM
Int Rev Neurobiol 2007;81:273-85. doi: 10.1016/S0074-7742(06)81018-4. PMID: 17433931
Status epilepticus.
Treiman DM
Baillieres Clin Neurol 1996 Dec;5(4):821-39. PMID: 9068883

Recent systematic reviews

Bone fractures from generalized convulsive seizures and status epilepticus-A systematic review.
Grzonka P, Rybitschka A, De Marchis GM, Marsch S, Sutter R
Epilepsia 2019 May;60(5):996-1004. Epub 2019 Apr 25 doi: 10.1111/epi.14738. PMID: 31021422
Acute Systemic Complications of Convulsive Status Epilepticus-A Systematic Review.
Sutter R, Dittrich T, Semmlack S, Rüegg S, Marsch S, Kaplan PW
Crit Care Med 2018 Jan;46(1):138-145. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000002843. PMID: 29099419
Topiramate in the Treatment of Generalized Convulsive Status Epilepticus in Adults: A Systematic Review with Individual Patient Data Analysis.
Brigo F, Bragazzi NL, Igwe SC, Nardone R, Trinka E
Drugs 2017 Jan;77(1):67-74. doi: 10.1007/s40265-016-0672-2. PMID: 28004305Free PMC Article
Recommendations on the use of EEG monitoring in critically ill patients: consensus statement from the neurointensive care section of the ESICM.
Claassen J, Taccone FS, Horn P, Holtkamp M, Stocchetti N, Oddo M; Neurointensive Care Section of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine
Intensive Care Med 2013 Aug;39(8):1337-51. Epub 2013 May 8 doi: 10.1007/s00134-013-2938-4. PMID: 23653183
IV Valproate in generalized convulsive status epilepticus: a systematic review.
Brigo F, Storti M, Del Felice A, Fiaschi A, Bongiovanni LG
Eur J Neurol 2012 Sep;19(9):1180-91. Epub 2011 Dec 19 doi: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2011.03606.x. PMID: 22182304

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