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Prolonged grief disorder

MedGen UID:
1373465
•Concept ID:
C4511668
•
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Synonyms: Disorder, Prolonged Grief; Grief Disorder, Prolonged; Persistent Complex Bereavement Disorder; Prolonged Grief Disorder; Prolonged Grief Disorders
SNOMED CT: Prolonged grief disorder (723914003); Persistent complex bereavement disorder (723914003)

Definition

A psychiatric disorder characterized by the personal experience of intense and prolonged yearning for, or preoccupation with the circumstances surrounding, a loss that leads to significant impairment in social or occupational functioning. Associated symptoms may include: identity disruption, disbelief, avoidance of reminders, difficulty moving on, emotional pain or numbness, feeling that life is meaningless, and loneliness. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVProlonged grief disorder

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Same name, same content? Evaluation of DSM-5-TR and ICD-11 prolonged grief criteria.
Haneveld J, Rosner R, Vogel A, Kersting A, Rief W, Steil R, Comtesse H
J Consult Clin Psychol 2022 Apr;90(4):303-313. doi: 10.1037/ccp0000720. PMID: 35446077
Concurrent Treatment for PTSD and Prolonged Grief Disorder: Review of Outcomes for Exposure- and Nonexposure-Based Treatments.
Eddinger JR, Hardt MM, Williams JL
Omega (Westport) 2021 Aug;83(3):446-469. Epub 2019 Jun 13 doi: 10.1177/0030222819854907. PMID: 31194639
Complicated grief: recent developments in diagnostic criteria and treatment.
Nakajima S
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2018 Sep 5;373(1754) doi: 10.1098/rstb.2017.0273. PMID: 30012739Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Prolonged Grief Disorder and the DSM: A History.
Zachar P, First MB, Kendler KS
J Nerv Ment Dis 2023 May 1;211(5):386-392. doi: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001618. PMID: 37040140
DSM-5-TR: Rationale, Process, and Overview of Changes.
First MB, Clarke DE, Yousif L, Eng AM, Gogtay N, Appelbaum PS
Psychiatr Serv 2023 Aug 1;74(8):869-875. Epub 2022 Dec 13 doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.20220334. PMID: 36510761
Learn to Live Again.
Kapoor S, Thakkar J
Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2022 Sep;39(9):1121-1123. Epub 2021 Dec 10 doi: 10.1177/10499091211055902. PMID: 34889657
The Grief of Parents After the Death of a Young Child.
Morris S, Fletcher K, Goldstein R
J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2019 Sep;26(3):321-338. doi: 10.1007/s10880-018-9590-7. PMID: 30488260
Complicated grief: recent developments in diagnostic criteria and treatment.
Nakajima S
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2018 Sep 5;373(1754) doi: 10.1098/rstb.2017.0273. PMID: 30012739Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

DSM-5-TR: Rationale, Process, and Overview of Changes.
First MB, Clarke DE, Yousif L, Eng AM, Gogtay N, Appelbaum PS
Psychiatr Serv 2023 Aug 1;74(8):869-875. Epub 2022 Dec 13 doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.20220334. PMID: 36510761
Disorganized attachment and prolonged grief.
Sekowski M, Prigerson HG
J Clin Psychol 2022 Sep;78(9):1806-1823. Epub 2022 Feb 7 doi: 10.1002/jclp.23325. PMID: 35132649
Prevalence of prolonged grief disorder.
Rosner R, Comtesse H, Vogel A, Doering BK
J Affect Disord 2021 May 15;287:301-307. Epub 2021 Mar 26 doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.03.058. PMID: 33812243
Complicated grief: recent developments in diagnostic criteria and treatment.
Nakajima S
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2018 Sep 5;373(1754) doi: 10.1098/rstb.2017.0273. PMID: 30012739Free PMC Article
Prolonged, but not complicated, grief is a mental disorder.
Maciejewski PK, Prigerson HG
Br J Psychiatry 2017 Oct;211(4):189-191. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.116.196238. PMID: 28970298

Therapy

Cross-Lagged Analyses of Prolonged Grief and Depression Symptoms With Insomnia Symptoms.
de Lang TA, Buyukcan-Tetik A, de Jong PJ, Lancel M, Eisma MC
Behav Ther 2023 May;54(3):510-523. Epub 2022 Dec 23 doi: 10.1016/j.beth.2022.12.004. PMID: 37088507
CBT for Prolonged Grief in Children and Adolescents: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Boelen PA, Lenferink LIM, Spuij M
Am J Psychiatry 2021 Apr 1;178(4):294-304. Epub 2021 Jan 21 doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2020.20050548. PMID: 33472391
Prolonged grief disorder: clinical utility of ICD-11 diagnostic guidelines.
Mauro C, Reynolds CF, Maercker A, Skritskaya N, Simon N, Zisook S, Lebowitz B, Cozza SJ, Shear MK
Psychol Med 2019 Apr;49(5):861-867. Epub 2018 Jun 18 doi: 10.1017/S0033291718001563. PMID: 29909789
Complicated grief: recent developments in diagnostic criteria and treatment.
Nakajima S
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2018 Sep 5;373(1754) doi: 10.1098/rstb.2017.0273. PMID: 30012739Free PMC Article
What distinguishes prolonged grief disorder from depression?
Kristensen P, Dyregrov K, Dyregrov A
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 2017 Apr;137(7):538-539. Epub 2017 Apr 4 doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.16.0629. PMID: 28383227

Prognosis

Disorganized attachment and prolonged grief.
Sekowski M, Prigerson HG
J Clin Psychol 2022 Sep;78(9):1806-1823. Epub 2022 Feb 7 doi: 10.1002/jclp.23325. PMID: 35132649
Predictors of Family Caregivers' Depressive- and Prolonged-Grief-Disorder-Symptom Trajectories.
Wen FH, Chou WC, Prigerson HG, Shen WC, Hsu MH, Tang ST
J Pain Symptom Manage 2022 Apr;63(4):476-484.e1. Epub 2021 Dec 29 doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2021.12.025. PMID: 34971750
Grief: Aetiology, Symptoms and Management.
Pop-Jordanova N
Pril (Makedon Akad Nauk Umet Odd Med Nauki) 2021 Oct 26;42(2):9-18. doi: 10.2478/prilozi-2021-0014. PMID: 34699700
Prolonged grief and depression: A latent class analysis.
Kokou-Kpolou CK, Park S, Lenferink LIM, Iorfa SK, Fernández-Alcántara M, Derivois D, Cénat JM
Psychiatry Res 2021 May;299:113864. Epub 2021 Mar 8 doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113864. PMID: 33756206
Complicated grief: recent developments in diagnostic criteria and treatment.
Nakajima S
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2018 Sep 5;373(1754) doi: 10.1098/rstb.2017.0273. PMID: 30012739Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Disorganized attachment and prolonged grief.
Sekowski M, Prigerson HG
J Clin Psychol 2022 Sep;78(9):1806-1823. Epub 2022 Feb 7 doi: 10.1002/jclp.23325. PMID: 35132649
Predictors of Family Caregivers' Depressive- and Prolonged-Grief-Disorder-Symptom Trajectories.
Wen FH, Chou WC, Prigerson HG, Shen WC, Hsu MH, Tang ST
J Pain Symptom Manage 2022 Apr;63(4):476-484.e1. Epub 2021 Dec 29 doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2021.12.025. PMID: 34971750
Prolonged grief disorder in DSM-5-TR: Early predictors and longitudinal measurement invariance.
Boelen PA, Lenferink LI
Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2022 Jun;56(6):667-674. Epub 2021 Jul 7 doi: 10.1177/00048674211025728. PMID: 34233500Free PMC Article
Grief: Aetiology, Symptoms and Management.
Pop-Jordanova N
Pril (Makedon Akad Nauk Umet Odd Med Nauki) 2021 Oct 26;42(2):9-18. doi: 10.2478/prilozi-2021-0014. PMID: 34699700
Prolonged grief and depression: A latent class analysis.
Kokou-Kpolou CK, Park S, Lenferink LIM, Iorfa SK, Fernández-Alcántara M, Derivois D, Cénat JM
Psychiatry Res 2021 May;299:113864. Epub 2021 Mar 8 doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113864. PMID: 33756206

Recent systematic reviews

Risk factors for prolonged grief symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Buur C, Zachariae R, Komischke-Konnerup KB, Marello MM, Schierff LH, O'Connor M
Clin Psychol Rev 2024 Feb;107:102375. Epub 2023 Dec 29 doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2023.102375. PMID: 38181586
Prolonged grief disorder prevalence in adults 65 years and over: a systematic review.
Thiemann P, Street AN, Heath SE, Quince T, Kuhn I, Barclay S
BMJ Support Palliat Care 2023 Oct;13(e1):e30-e42. Epub 2021 Mar 11 doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2020-002845. PMID: 33707297
Assessing prolonged grief disorder: A systematic review of assessment instruments.
Treml J, Kaiser J, Plexnies A, Kersting A
J Affect Disord 2020 Sep 1;274:420-434. Epub 2020 May 23 doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.05.049. PMID: 32663972
The neurobiological reward system in Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD): A systematic review.
Kakarala SE, Roberts KE, Rogers M, Coats T, Falzarano F, Gang J, Chilov M, Avery J, Maciejewski PK, Lichtenthal WG, Prigerson HG
Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2020 Sep 30;303:111135. Epub 2020 Jul 3 doi: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2020.111135. PMID: 32629197Free PMC Article
Prevalence of prolonged grief disorder in adult bereavement: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Lundorff M, Holmgren H, Zachariae R, Farver-Vestergaard I, O'Connor M
J Affect Disord 2017 Apr 1;212:138-149. Epub 2017 Jan 23 doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.01.030. PMID: 28167398

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