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Confusional arousal

MedGen UID:: 155742
•Concept ID:: C0752295
•: Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction

Synonyms:	Arousal, Confusional; Arousals, Confusional; Confusional Arousal; Confusional Arousals
SNOMED CT:	Confusional arousal disorder (441830002)

HPO:	HP:0025237

Definition

A nocturnal episode is characterized by disorientation, grogginess, and, at times, significant agitation upon awakening from slow-wave sleep or following forced awakenings. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

GTR
MeSH

CClinical test, RResearch test, OOMIM, GGeneReviews, VClinVar

CROGVConfusional arousal

Disorder by Site
- Disorder of nervous system
  - Disorders, Sleep Wake
    - Parasomnia
      - Disturbance during transitions between sleep and wake states
        Abnormal hypnopompia
        Confusional arousal

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Interobserver reliability of ICSD-3 diagnostic criteria for disorders of arousal in adults.

Loddo G, Vignatelli L, Zenesini C, Lusa F, Sambati L, Baldelli L, Favoni V, Pisani LR, Pierangeli G, Cevoli S, Provini F
Sleep Breath 2019 Dec;23(4):1309-1314. Epub 2019 Sep 14 doi: 10.1007/s11325-019-01937-w. PMID: 31522407

See all (1)

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Behavioral and psychological treatments for NREM parasomnias: A systematic review.

Mundt JM, Schuiling MD, Warlick C, Dietch JR, Wescott AB, Hagenaars M, Furst A, Khorramdel K, Baron KG
Sleep Med 2023 Nov;111:36-53. Epub 2023 Sep 6 doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.09.004. PMID: 37716336 Free PMC Article

Evaluation of the effects of shift work on parasomnia prevalence.

Kurt Gök D, Ünal İ, Aslan-Kara K
Chronobiol Int 2021 Oct;38(10):1500-1506. Epub 2021 Jun 9 doi: 10.1080/07420528.2021.1932996. PMID: 34107833

The Arousal Disorders Questionnaire: a new and effective screening tool for confusional arousals, Sleepwalking and Sleep Terrors in epilepsy and sleep disorders units.

Loddo G, La Fauci G, Vignatelli L, Zenesini C, Cilea R, Mignani F, Cecere A, Mondini S, Baldelli L, Bisulli F, Licchetta L, Mostacci B, Guaraldi P, Giannini G, Tinuper P, Provini F
Sleep Med 2021 Apr;80:279-285. Epub 2021 Jan 29 doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.01.037. PMID: 33610075

Behavioural and emotional profiles of children and adolescents with disorders of arousal.

Castelnovo A, Turner K, Rossi A, Galbiati A, Gagliardi A, Proserpio P, Nobili L, Terzaghi M, Manni R, Ferini Strambi L, Manconi M, Miano S, Zambrelli E, Paola Canevini M
J Sleep Res 2021 Feb;30(1):e13188. Epub 2020 Sep 10 doi: 10.1111/jsr.13188. PMID: 32909647

Clinical neurophysiology of NREM parasomnias.

Rodriguez CL, Foldvary-Schaefer N
Handb Clin Neurol 2019;161:397-410. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-64142-7.00063-1. PMID: 31307616

See all (15)

Diagnosis

Somnambulism.

Cordani R, Lopez R, Barateau L, Chenini S, Nobili L, Dauvilliers Y
Sleep Med Clin 2024 Mar;19(1):43-54. Epub 2023 Nov 2 doi: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2023.10.001. PMID: 38368068

The Clinical Spectrum of the Parasomnias.

Avidan AY
Sleep Med Clin 2024 Mar;19(1):1-19. Epub 2024 Jan 17 doi: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2023.12.003. PMID: 38368057

NonREM Disorders of Arousal and Related Parasomnias: an Updated Review.

Irfan M, Schenck CH, Howell MJ
Neurotherapeutics 2021 Jan;18(1):124-139. Epub 2021 Feb 1 doi: 10.1007/s13311-021-01011-y. PMID: 33527254 Free PMC Article

Clinical neurophysiology of NREM parasomnias.

Rodriguez CL, Foldvary-Schaefer N
Handb Clin Neurol 2019;161:397-410. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-64142-7.00063-1. PMID: 31307616

Arousal disorders.

Provini F, Tinuper P, Bisulli F, Lugaresi E
Sleep Med 2011 Dec;12 Suppl 2:S22-6. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2011.10.007. PMID: 22136894

See all (23)

Therapy

Resolution of sexsomnia with paroxetine.

Kumar V, Grbach VX, Castriotta RJ
J Clin Sleep Med 2020 Jul 15;16(7):1213-1214. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.8478. PMID: 32672534 Free PMC Article

The nonrapid eye movement parasomnias: recent advances and forensic aspects.

Ebrahim IO
Curr Opin Pulm Med 2013 Nov;19(6):609-15. doi: 10.1097/MCP.0b013e3283659e5f. PMID: 24048082

Prevalence of different parasomnias in the general population.

Bjorvatn B, Grønli J, Pallesen S
Sleep Med 2010 Dec;11(10):1031-4. Epub 2010 Nov 18 doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2010.07.011. PMID: 21093361

Alcohol-induced sleepwalking or confusional arousal as a defense to criminal behavior: a review of scientific evidence, methods and forensic considerations.

Pressman MR, Mahowald MW, Schenck CH, Bornemann MC
J Sleep Res 2007 Jun;16(2):198-212. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2869.2007.00586.x. PMID: 17542950

Homicidal somnambulism: a case report.

Broughton R, Billings R, Cartwright R, Doucette D, Edmeads J, Edwardh M, Ervin F, Orchard B, Hill R, Turrell G
Sleep 1994 Apr;17(3):253-64. PMID: 7939126

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Prognosis

Trajectory of maternal depression and parasomnias.

Guttier MC, Halal CS, Matijasevich A, Del-Ponte B, Tovo-Rodrigues L, Barros F, Bassani DG, Santos IS
J Sleep Res 2024 Feb;33(1):e13870. Epub 2023 Mar 20 doi: 10.1111/jsr.13870. PMID: 36940922

Interobserver reliability of ICSD-3 diagnostic criteria for disorders of arousal in adults.

Lifetime prevalence and incidence of parasomnias in a population of young adult Nigerians.

Oluwole OS
J Neurol 2010 Jul;257(7):1141-7. Epub 2010 Feb 9 doi: 10.1007/s00415-010-5479-6. PMID: 20143107

Survey of sleep problems amongst Singapore children in a psychiatric setting.

Mahendran R, Subramaniam M, Cai Y, Chan YH
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2006 Aug;41(8):669-73. Epub 2006 May 26 doi: 10.1007/s00127-006-0076-9. PMID: 16732399

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Clinical prediction guides

Trajectory of maternal depression and parasomnias.

Guttier MC, Halal CS, Matijasevich A, Del-Ponte B, Tovo-Rodrigues L, Barros F, Bassani DG, Santos IS
J Sleep Res 2024 Feb;33(1):e13870. Epub 2023 Mar 20 doi: 10.1111/jsr.13870. PMID: 36940922

Sleep in Gerstmann-Straüssler-Scheinker disease.

Pérez-Carbonell L, Sarto J, Gaig C, Muñoz-Lopetegi A, Ruiz-García R, Naranjo L, Augé JM, Perissinotti A, Santamaria J, Iranzo A, Sánchez-Valle R
Sleep Med 2023 Aug;108:11-15. Epub 2023 May 22 doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.05.010. PMID: 37302168

Behavioural and emotional profiles of children and adolescents with disorders of arousal.

Parasomnia versus epilepsy: An affair of the heart?

Peter-Derex L, Catenoix H, Bastuji H, Chouchou F
Neurophysiol Clin 2018 Oct;48(5):277-286. Epub 2018 Sep 15 doi: 10.1016/j.neucli.2018.08.002. PMID: 30227947

Sleep disorders and acute nocturnal delirium in the elderly: a comorbidity not to be overlooked.

Terzaghi M, Sartori I, Rustioni V, Manni R
Eur J Intern Med 2014 Apr;25(4):350-5. Epub 2014 Mar 11 doi: 10.1016/j.ejim.2014.02.008. PMID: 24636782

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