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Abnormal medial rectus muscle physiology

MedGen UID:: 1643941
•Concept ID:: C4703413
•: Pathologic Function

HPO:	HP:0025606

Definition

A functional anomaly of the medial rectus muscle, an extraocular muscle that is innervated by the inferior division of the oculomotor nerve and whose sole action is the adduction of the eyeball. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

GTR
MeSH

CClinical test, RResearch test, OOMIM, GGeneReviews, VClinVar

CROGVAbnormal medial rectus muscle physiology

Phenotypic abnormality
- Abnormality of the eye
  - Abnormal eye physiology
    - Abnormal extraocular muscle physiology
      - Abnormal rectus muscle physiology
        Abnormal horizontal rectus muscle physiology
        Abnormal medial rectus muscle physiology
        Medial rectus muscle overaction
        Medial rectus muscle weakness
        Medial rectus muscle restriction
        Medial rectus muscle underaction

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Impact of Adding Augmented Superior Rectus Transpositions to Medial Rectus Muscle Recessions When Treating Esotropic Moebius Syndrome.

Warkad VU, Hunter DG, Dagi AF, Mackinnon S, Kazlas MA, Heidary G, Staffa SJ, Dagi LR
Am J Ophthalmol 2022 May;237:83-90. Epub 2021 Nov 13 doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2021.11.006. PMID: 34780796

Surgical outcome of exotropic Duane syndrome.

Fouad HM, Awadein A, Youssef AA, Saeed H, Shousha SM
Semin Ophthalmol 2020 Jan 2;35(1):66-77. Epub 2020 Mar 4 doi: 10.1080/08820538.2020.1730915. PMID: 32126862

Rectus Extraocular Muscle Size and Pulley Location in Concomitant and Pattern Exotropia.

Hao R, Suh SY, Le A, Demer JL
Ophthalmology 2016 Sep;123(9):2004-12. Epub 2016 Jul 19 doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.05.053. PMID: 27448831 Free PMC Article

Classifying medial rectus muscle attachment in consecutive exotropia.

Jung JH, Leske DA, Holmes JM
J AAPOS 2016 Jun;20(3):197-200. Epub 2016 May 6 doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2016.02.008. PMID: 27164430 Free PMC Article

The Role of Extraocular Muscle Pulleys in Incomitant Non-Paralytic Strabismus.

Clark RA
Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol 2015 Jul-Sep;22(3):279-85. doi: 10.4103/0974-9233.159698. PMID: 26180464 Free PMC Article

See all (67)

Diagnosis

Impact of Adding Augmented Superior Rectus Transpositions to Medial Rectus Muscle Recessions When Treating Esotropic Moebius Syndrome.

Warkad VU, Hunter DG, Dagi AF, Mackinnon S, Kazlas MA, Heidary G, Staffa SJ, Dagi LR
Am J Ophthalmol 2022 May;237:83-90. Epub 2021 Nov 13 doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2021.11.006. PMID: 34780796

Intraoperative Findings in Consecutive Exotropia with and without Adduction Deficit.

Hatt SR, Leske DA, Jung JH, Holmes JM
Ophthalmology 2017 Jun;124(6):828-834. Epub 2017 Feb 24 doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2017.01.031. PMID: 28238457 Free PMC Article

The Role of Extraocular Muscle Pulleys in Incomitant Non-Paralytic Strabismus.

Clark RA
Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol 2015 Jul-Sep;22(3):279-85. doi: 10.4103/0974-9233.159698. PMID: 26180464 Free PMC Article

Variable synergistic divergence.

Kim JH, Hwang JM
Optom Vis Sci 2009 Dec;86(12):1386-8. doi: 10.1097/OPX.0b013e3181be9db3. PMID: 19826317

Pearls & Oy-sters: The medial longitudinal fasciculus in ocular motor physiology.

Frohman TC, Galetta S, Fox R, Solomon D, Straumann D, Filippi M, Zee D, Frohman EM
Neurology 2008 Apr 22;70(17):e57-67. doi: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000310640.37810.b3. PMID: 18427066

See all (48)

Therapy

Newly developed abnormal head position and secondary esotropia after strabismus surgery for children with intermittent exotropia.

Shen T, Kang Y, Lin X, Wu H, Yan J
Int Ophthalmol 2022 Oct;42(10):2965-2972. Epub 2022 Jan 27 doi: 10.1007/s10792-021-02173-6. PMID: 35083599

Gait performance and foot pressure distribution during wearable robot-assisted gait in elderly adults.

Lee SH, Lee HJ, Chang WH, Choi BO, Lee J, Kim J, Ryu GH, Kim YH
J Neuroeng Rehabil 2017 Nov 28;14(1):123. doi: 10.1186/s12984-017-0333-z. PMID: 29183379 Free PMC Article

Assessment of torsion after superior rectus transposition with or without medial rectus recession for Duane syndrome and abducens nerve palsy.

Velez FG, Oltra E, Isenberg SJ, Pineles SL
J AAPOS 2014 Oct;18(5):457-60. Epub 2014 Sep 27 doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2014.06.008. PMID: 25266834 Free PMC Article

Diagnostic use of botulinum toxin in patients with Duane syndrome.

Dawson EL, Maino A, Lee JP
Strabismus 2010 Mar;18(1):21-3. doi: 10.3109/09273970903580199. PMID: 20230203

Facial nerve injury during external dacryocystorhinostomy.

Vagefi MR, Winn BJ, Lin CC, Sires BS, LauKaitis SJ, Anderson RL, McCann JD
Ophthalmology 2009 Mar;116(3):585-90. Epub 2008 Dec 16 doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2008.09.050. PMID: 19091406

See all (18)

Prognosis

Newly developed abnormal head position and secondary esotropia after strabismus surgery for children with intermittent exotropia.

Shen T, Kang Y, Lin X, Wu H, Yan J
Int Ophthalmol 2022 Oct;42(10):2965-2972. Epub 2022 Jan 27 doi: 10.1007/s10792-021-02173-6. PMID: 35083599

Surgical outcome of exotropic Duane syndrome.

Fouad HM, Awadein A, Youssef AA, Saeed H, Shousha SM
Semin Ophthalmol 2020 Jan 2;35(1):66-77. Epub 2020 Mar 4 doi: 10.1080/08820538.2020.1730915. PMID: 32126862

Characterizing gait abnormalities in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy: a neuromuscular analysis.

Haddas R, Cox J, Belanger T, Ju KL, Derman PB
Spine J 2019 Nov;19(11):1803-1808. Epub 2019 Jun 15 doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2019.06.005. PMID: 31207317

Rectus Pulley Displacements without Abnormal Oblique Contractility Explain Strabismus in Superior Oblique Palsy.

Suh SY, Le A, Clark RA, Demer JL
Ophthalmology 2016 Jun;123(6):1222-31. Epub 2016 Mar 13 doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.02.016. PMID: 26983977 Free PMC Article

Pearls & Oy-sters: The medial longitudinal fasciculus in ocular motor physiology.

Frohman TC, Galetta S, Fox R, Solomon D, Straumann D, Filippi M, Zee D, Frohman EM
Neurology 2008 Apr 22;70(17):e57-67. doi: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000310640.37810.b3. PMID: 18427066

See all (31)

Clinical prediction guides

Extraocular muscle hypoplasia associated with Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome.

De Decker M, Cassiman C, Casteels I, Devriendt K, Delbeke P
Strabismus 2021 Dec;29(4):216-220. Epub 2021 Oct 28 doi: 10.1080/09273972.2021.1987926. PMID: 34709103

Manipulating post-stroke gait: Exploiting aberrant kinematics.

Reissman ME, Gordon KE, Dhaher YY
J Biomech 2018 Jan 23;67:129-136. Epub 2017 Dec 6 doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2017.11.031. PMID: 29248191

The limits of stability and muscle activity in middle-aged adults during static and dynamic stance.

Ku PX, Abu Osman NA, Wan Abas WAB
J Biomech 2016 Dec 8;49(16):3943-3948. Epub 2016 Nov 10 doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.11.006. PMID: 27865478

The Role of Extraocular Muscle Pulleys in Incomitant Non-Paralytic Strabismus.

Clark RA
Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol 2015 Jul-Sep;22(3):279-85. doi: 10.4103/0974-9233.159698. PMID: 26180464 Free PMC Article

Results of bilateral medial rectus muscle recession in unilateral esotropic Duane syndrome.

Farvardin M, Rad AH, Ashrafzadeh A
J AAPOS 2009 Aug;13(4):339-42. doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2009.04.014. PMID: 19683185

See all (27)