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Infant Sedation, AE

MedGen UID:
1648857
•Concept ID:
C4743795
•
Finding
Synonym: Infant Sedation, Adverse Event

Definition

An adverse event in a newborn characterized by a state of a lowered level of consciousness. [from NCI]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

2022 Society of Critical Care Medicine Clinical Practice Guidelines on Prevention and Management of Pain, Agitation, Neuromuscular Blockade, and Delirium in Critically Ill Pediatric Patients With Consideration of the ICU Environment and Early Mobility.
Smith HAB, Besunder JB, Betters KA, Johnson PN, Srinivasan V, Stormorken A, Farrington E, Golianu B, Godshall AJ, Acinelli L, Almgren C, Bailey CH, Boyd JM, Cisco MJ, Damian M, deAlmeida ML, Fehr J, Fenton KE, Gilliland F, Grant MJC, Howell J, Ruggles CA, Simone S, Su F, Sullivan JE, Tegtmeyer K, Traube C, Williams S, Berkenbosch JW
Pediatr Crit Care Med 2022 Feb 1;23(2):e74-e110. doi: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000002873. PMID: 35119438
The influence of pain, agitation, and their management on the immature brain.
McPherson C, Miller SP, El-Dib M, Massaro AN, Inder TE
Pediatr Res 2020 Aug;88(2):168-175. Epub 2020 Jan 2 doi: 10.1038/s41390-019-0744-6. PMID: 31896130Free PMC Article
An international multidisciplinary consensus statement on fasting before procedural sedation in adults and children.
Green SM, Leroy PL, Roback MG, Irwin MG, Andolfatto G, Babl FE, Barbi E, Costa LR, Absalom A, Carlson DW, Krauss BS, Roelofse J, Yuen VM, Alcaino E, Costa PS, Mason KP; International Committee for the Advancement of Procedural Sedation
Anaesthesia 2020 Mar;75(3):374-385. Epub 2019 Dec 2 doi: 10.1111/anae.14892. PMID: 31792941Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Efficacy and Safety of Esketamine for Supplemental Analgesia During Elective Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Xu LL, Wang C, Deng CM, Dai SB, Zhou Q, Peng YB, Shou HY, Han YQ, Yu J, Liu CH, Xia F, Zhang SQ, Wang DX, Chen XZ
JAMA Netw Open 2023 Apr 3;6(4):e239321. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.9321. PMID: 37083664Free PMC Article
Fundamentals and innovations in regional anaesthesia for infants and children.
Heydinger G, Tobias J, Veneziano G
Anaesthesia 2021 Jan;76 Suppl 1:74-88. doi: 10.1111/anae.15283. PMID: 33426659
Practical approaches to sedation and analgesia in the newborn.
McPherson C, Ortinau CM, Vesoulis Z
J Perinatol 2021 Mar;41(3):383-395. Epub 2020 Nov 29 doi: 10.1038/s41372-020-00878-7. PMID: 33250515Free PMC Article
The influence of pain, agitation, and their management on the immature brain.
McPherson C, Miller SP, El-Dib M, Massaro AN, Inder TE
Pediatr Res 2020 Aug;88(2):168-175. Epub 2020 Jan 2 doi: 10.1038/s41390-019-0744-6. PMID: 31896130Free PMC Article
An international multidisciplinary consensus statement on fasting before procedural sedation in adults and children.
Green SM, Leroy PL, Roback MG, Irwin MG, Andolfatto G, Babl FE, Barbi E, Costa LR, Absalom A, Carlson DW, Krauss BS, Roelofse J, Yuen VM, Alcaino E, Costa PS, Mason KP; International Committee for the Advancement of Procedural Sedation
Anaesthesia 2020 Mar;75(3):374-385. Epub 2019 Dec 2 doi: 10.1111/anae.14892. PMID: 31792941Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Analgesia, Sedation, and Anesthesia for Neonates With Cardiac Disease.
Smith-Parrish M, Vargas Chaves DP, Taylor K, Achuff BJ, Lasa JJ, Hopper A, Ramamoorthy C
Pediatrics 2022 Nov 1;150(Suppl 2) doi: 10.1542/peds.2022-056415K. PMID: 36317978
Imaging in craniosynostosis: when and what?
Massimi L, Bianchi F, Frassanito P, Calandrelli R, Tamburrini G, Caldarelli M
Childs Nerv Syst 2019 Nov;35(11):2055-2069. Epub 2019 Jul 9 doi: 10.1007/s00381-019-04278-x. PMID: 31289853
Non-sedation of the neonate for radiologic procedures.
Parad RB
Pediatr Radiol 2018 Apr;48(4):524-530. Epub 2018 Mar 17 doi: 10.1007/s00247-017-4002-y. PMID: 29550867
Complications in pediatric endoscopy.
Tringali A, Balassone V, De Angelis P, Landi R
Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2016 Oct;30(5):825-839. Epub 2016 Sep 13 doi: 10.1016/j.bpg.2016.09.006. PMID: 27931639
Procedural sedation and analgesia in children.
Krauss B, Green SM
Lancet 2006 Mar 4;367(9512):766-80. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68230-5. PMID: 16517277

Therapy

Efficacy and Safety of Esketamine for Supplemental Analgesia During Elective Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Xu LL, Wang C, Deng CM, Dai SB, Zhou Q, Peng YB, Shou HY, Han YQ, Yu J, Liu CH, Xia F, Zhang SQ, Wang DX, Chen XZ
JAMA Netw Open 2023 Apr 3;6(4):e239321. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.9321. PMID: 37083664Free PMC Article
Sedation and analgesia from prolonged pain and stress during mechanical ventilation in preterm infants: is dexmedetomidine an alternative to current practice?
Ojha S, Abramson J, Dorling J
BMJ Paediatr Open 2022 May;6(1) doi: 10.1136/bmjpo-2022-001460. PMID: 36053596Free PMC Article
Evidence-based clinical guidelines on analgesia and sedation in newborn infants undergoing assisted ventilation and endotracheal intubation.
Ancora G, Lago P, Garetti E, Merazzi D, Savant Levet P, Bellieni CV, Pieragostini L, Pirelli A
Acta Paediatr 2019 Feb;108(2):208-217. Epub 2018 Dec 6 doi: 10.1111/apa.14606. PMID: 30290021
Dexmedetomidine in the pediatric population: a review.
Plambech MZ, Afshari A
Minerva Anestesiol 2015 Mar;81(3):320-32. Epub 2014 May 14 PMID: 24824958
Paradoxical reactions to benzodiazepines: literature review and treatment options.
Mancuso CE, Tanzi MG, Gabay M
Pharmacotherapy 2004 Sep;24(9):1177-85. doi: 10.1592/phco.24.13.1177.38089. PMID: 15460178

Prognosis

Predictors of Anesthetic Exposure in Pediatric MRI.
Machado-Rivas F, Leitman E, Jaimes C, Conklin J, Caruso PA, Liu CA, Gee MS
AJR Am J Roentgenol 2021 Mar;216(3):799-805. Epub 2021 Jan 21 doi: 10.2214/AJR.20.23601. PMID: 32755164
Midazolam and its effect on vital signs and behavior in children under conscious sedation in dentistry.
Vasakova J, Duskova J, Lunackova J, Drapalova K, Zuzankova L, Starka L, Duskova M, Broukal Z
Physiol Res 2020 Sep 30;69(Suppl 2):S305-S314. doi: 10.33549/physiolres.934511. PMID: 33094628Free PMC Article
Apnea in Preterm and Term Infants After Deep Sedation and General Anesthesia.
Rozema T, Westgate PM, Landers CD
Hosp Pediatr 2018 Jun;8(6):314-320. doi: 10.1542/hpeds.2017-0160. PMID: 29844024
Clonidine for sedation and analgesia for neonates receiving mechanical ventilation.
Romantsik O, Calevo MG, Norman E, Bruschettini M
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2017 May 10;5(5):CD012468. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012468.pub2. PMID: 28488361Free PMC Article
Premedication, preparation, and surveillance.
Lazzaroni M, Bianchi-Porro G
Endoscopy 1999 Jan;31(1):2-8. doi: 10.1055/s-1999-13642. PMID: 10082404

Clinical prediction guides

Efficacy and Safety of Esketamine for Supplemental Analgesia During Elective Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Xu LL, Wang C, Deng CM, Dai SB, Zhou Q, Peng YB, Shou HY, Han YQ, Yu J, Liu CH, Xia F, Zhang SQ, Wang DX, Chen XZ
JAMA Netw Open 2023 Apr 3;6(4):e239321. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.9321. PMID: 37083664Free PMC Article
Sedation and analgesia from prolonged pain and stress during mechanical ventilation in preterm infants: is dexmedetomidine an alternative to current practice?
Ojha S, Abramson J, Dorling J
BMJ Paediatr Open 2022 May;6(1) doi: 10.1136/bmjpo-2022-001460. PMID: 36053596Free PMC Article
An international multidisciplinary consensus statement on fasting before procedural sedation in adults and children.
Green SM, Leroy PL, Roback MG, Irwin MG, Andolfatto G, Babl FE, Barbi E, Costa LR, Absalom A, Carlson DW, Krauss BS, Roelofse J, Yuen VM, Alcaino E, Costa PS, Mason KP; International Committee for the Advancement of Procedural Sedation
Anaesthesia 2020 Mar;75(3):374-385. Epub 2019 Dec 2 doi: 10.1111/anae.14892. PMID: 31792941Free PMC Article
Evidence-based clinical guidelines on analgesia and sedation in newborn infants undergoing assisted ventilation and endotracheal intubation.
Ancora G, Lago P, Garetti E, Merazzi D, Savant Levet P, Bellieni CV, Pieragostini L, Pirelli A
Acta Paediatr 2019 Feb;108(2):208-217. Epub 2018 Dec 6 doi: 10.1111/apa.14606. PMID: 30290021
Dexmedetomidine in the pediatric population: a review.
Plambech MZ, Afshari A
Minerva Anestesiol 2015 Mar;81(3):320-32. Epub 2014 May 14 PMID: 24824958

Recent systematic reviews

Dexmedetomidine for analgesia and sedation in newborn infants receiving mechanical ventilation.
Lim JY, Ker CJ, Lai NM, Romantsik O, Fiander M, Tan K
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2024 May 2;5(5):CD012361. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012361.pub2. PMID: 38695625Free PMC Article
Efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine for analgesia and sedation in neonates: a systematic review.
Portelli K, Kandraju H, Ryu M, Shah PS
J Perinatol 2024 Feb;44(2):164-172. Epub 2023 Oct 16 doi: 10.1038/s41372-023-01802-5. PMID: 37845426
Surfactant therapy via thin catheter in preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome.
Abdel-Latif ME, Davis PG, Wheeler KI, De Paoli AG, Dargaville PA
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021 May 10;5(5):CD011672. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011672.pub2. PMID: 33970483Free PMC Article
Fundamentals and innovations in regional anaesthesia for infants and children.
Heydinger G, Tobias J, Veneziano G
Anaesthesia 2021 Jan;76 Suppl 1:74-88. doi: 10.1111/anae.15283. PMID: 33426659
Interventions for treating hyperemesis gravidarum: a Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis.
Boelig RC, Barton SJ, Saccone G, Kelly AJ, Edwards SJ, Berghella V
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2018 Sep;31(18):2492-2505. Epub 2017 Jul 11 doi: 10.1080/14767058.2017.1342805. PMID: 28614956

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