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Increased salivary cortisol level

MedGen UID:
1710102
•Concept ID:
C5398000
•
Finding
HPO: HP:0033015

Definition

Abnormally elevated concentration of cortisol in saliva. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVIncreased salivary cortisol level

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Socio-demographic and psychosocial predictors of salivary cortisol from older male participants in the Speedwell prospective cohort study.
Spiga F, Lawton MA, Lightman SL, Smith GD, Ben-Shlomo Y
Psychoneuroendocrinology 2022 Jan;135:105577. Epub 2021 Oct 28 doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105577. PMID: 34823140Free PMC Article
Salivary cortisol response to psychosocial stress in the late evening depends on CRHR1 genotype.
Weeger J, Ising M, Müller-Myhsok B, Uhr M, Schmidt U, Steiger A
Psychoneuroendocrinology 2020 Jun;116:104685. Epub 2020 Apr 18 doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104685. PMID: 32361186
Pasireotide and mifepristone: new options in the medical management of Cushing's disease.
Cohan P
Endocr Pract 2014 Jan;20(1):84-93. doi: 10.4158/EP13127.RA. PMID: 24126229

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

The impulsiveness level influences the salivary cortisol response and social stress sensitivity in suicidal patients.
Alacreu-Crespo A, Hidalgo V, Girod C, Olié E, Courtet P
J Psychiatr Res 2022 Dec;156:159-167. Epub 2022 Oct 8 doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.10.008. PMID: 36252345
Salivary Cortisol Values and Personality Features of Atopic Dermatitis Patients: A Prospective Study.
Meštrović-Štefekov J, Lugović-Mihić L, Hanžek M, Bešlić I, Japundžić I, Karlović D
Dermatitis 2022 Sep-Oct 01;33(5):341-348. Epub 2022 Jan 28 doi: 10.1097/DER.0000000000000834. PMID: 35089897
Diurnal pattern of salivary cortisol and progression of aortic stiffness: Longitudinal study.
Ikeda A, Steptoe A, Shipley M, Abell J, Kumari M, Tanigawa T, Iso H, Wilkinson IB, McEniery CM, Singh-Manoux A, Kivimaki M, Brunner EJ
Psychoneuroendocrinology 2021 Nov;133:105372. Epub 2021 Aug 5 doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105372. PMID: 34517196Free PMC Article
Cesarean delivery and infant cortisol regulation.
Martinez LD, Glynn LM, Sandman CA, Wing DA, Davis EP
Psychoneuroendocrinology 2020 Dec;122:104862. Epub 2020 Oct 2 doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104862. PMID: 33080520Free PMC Article
Effects of Training With Free Weights Versus Machines on Muscle Mass, Strength, Free Testosterone, and Free Cortisol Levels.
Schwanbeck SR, Cornish SM, Barss T, Chilibeck PD
J Strength Cond Res 2020 Jul;34(7):1851-1859. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003349. PMID: 32358310

Diagnosis

Cushing Syndrome: A Review.
Reincke M, Fleseriu M
JAMA 2023 Jul 11;330(2):170-181. doi: 10.1001/jama.2023.11305. PMID: 37432427
Biomarkers of Stress and Male Fertility.
Spitzer TL, Trussell JC, Coward RM, Hansen KR, Barnhart KT, Cedars MI, Diamond MP, Krawetz SA, Sun F, Zhang H, Santoro N, Steiner AZ
Reprod Sci 2022 Apr;29(4):1262-1270. Epub 2022 Feb 1 doi: 10.1007/s43032-022-00853-x. PMID: 35106743Free PMC Article
The impact of high-intensity interval training exercise on breast cancer survivors: a pilot study to explore fitness, cardiac regulation and biomarkers of the stress systems.
Toohey K, Pumpa K, McKune A, Cooke J, Welvaert M, Northey J, Quinlan C, Semple S
BMC Cancer 2020 Aug 20;20(1):787. doi: 10.1186/s12885-020-07295-1. PMID: 32819304Free PMC Article
Diagnostic pitfalls of adrenal incidentaloma.
Cyrańska-Chyrek E, Grzymisławska M, Ruchała M
Endokrynol Pol 2017;68(3):360-377. doi: 10.5603/EP.2017.0028. PMID: 28660993
Cushing's disease.
Bertagna X, Guignat L, Groussin L, Bertherat J
Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009 Oct;23(5):607-23. doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2009.06.001. PMID: 19945026

Therapy

A standardized Ashwagandha root extract alleviates stress, anxiety, and improves quality of life in healthy adults by modulating stress hormones: Results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
Majeed M, Nagabhushanam K, Mundkur L
Medicine (Baltimore) 2023 Oct 13;102(41):e35521. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000035521. PMID: 37832082Free PMC Article
Cesarean delivery and infant cortisol regulation.
Martinez LD, Glynn LM, Sandman CA, Wing DA, Davis EP
Psychoneuroendocrinology 2020 Dec;122:104862. Epub 2020 Oct 2 doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104862. PMID: 33080520Free PMC Article
The impact of high-intensity interval training exercise on breast cancer survivors: a pilot study to explore fitness, cardiac regulation and biomarkers of the stress systems.
Toohey K, Pumpa K, McKune A, Cooke J, Welvaert M, Northey J, Quinlan C, Semple S
BMC Cancer 2020 Aug 20;20(1):787. doi: 10.1186/s12885-020-07295-1. PMID: 32819304Free PMC Article
Effects of Training With Free Weights Versus Machines on Muscle Mass, Strength, Free Testosterone, and Free Cortisol Levels.
Schwanbeck SR, Cornish SM, Barss T, Chilibeck PD
J Strength Cond Res 2020 Jul;34(7):1851-1859. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003349. PMID: 32358310
Probiotic Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota relieves stress-associated symptoms by modulating the gut-brain interaction in human and animal models.
Takada M, Nishida K, Kataoka-Kato A, Gondo Y, Ishikawa H, Suda K, Kawai M, Hoshi R, Watanabe O, Igarashi T, Kuwano Y, Miyazaki K, Rokutan K
Neurogastroenterol Motil 2016 Jul;28(7):1027-36. Epub 2016 Feb 20 doi: 10.1111/nmo.12804. PMID: 26896291

Prognosis

Diurnal pattern of salivary cortisol and progression of aortic stiffness: Longitudinal study.
Ikeda A, Steptoe A, Shipley M, Abell J, Kumari M, Tanigawa T, Iso H, Wilkinson IB, McEniery CM, Singh-Manoux A, Kivimaki M, Brunner EJ
Psychoneuroendocrinology 2021 Nov;133:105372. Epub 2021 Aug 5 doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105372. PMID: 34517196Free PMC Article
The health benefits of the great outdoors: A systematic review and meta-analysis of greenspace exposure and health outcomes.
Twohig-Bennett C, Jones A
Environ Res 2018 Oct;166:628-637. Epub 2018 Jul 5 doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.06.030. PMID: 29982151Free PMC Article
Secondary adrenal insufficiency in pregnancy: any differences?
Petersenn S
Minerva Endocrinol 2018 Dec;43(4):446-450. Epub 2018 Mar 15 doi: 10.23736/S0391-1977.18.02840-7. PMID: 29546743
Hair and Salivary Testosterone, Hair Cortisol, and Externalizing Behaviors in Adolescents.
Grotzinger AD, Mann FD, Patterson MW, Tackett JL, Tucker-Drob EM, Harden KP
Psychol Sci 2018 May;29(5):688-699. Epub 2018 Feb 14 doi: 10.1177/0956797617742981. PMID: 29443645Free PMC Article
Cushing's disease.
Bertagna X, Guignat L, Groussin L, Bertherat J
Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009 Oct;23(5):607-23. doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2009.06.001. PMID: 19945026

Clinical prediction guides

Salivary cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone, and chromogranin A levels in patients with gingivitis and periodontitis and a novel biomarker for psychological stress.
Lee YH, Suk C, Shin SI, Hong JY
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023;14:1147739. Epub 2023 Apr 11 doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1147739. PMID: 37113482Free PMC Article
Prevalence and prediction of PTSD and depression in mothers of children surviving a motor vehicle crash.
Yrondi A, Colineaux H, Claudet I, Sales de Gauzy J, Huo S, Taib S, Bui E, Birmes P
Eur J Psychotraumatol 2022;13(2):2121014. Epub 2022 Sep 27 doi: 10.1080/20008066.2022.2121014. PMID: 36212115Free PMC Article
Diurnal pattern of salivary cortisol and progression of aortic stiffness: Longitudinal study.
Ikeda A, Steptoe A, Shipley M, Abell J, Kumari M, Tanigawa T, Iso H, Wilkinson IB, McEniery CM, Singh-Manoux A, Kivimaki M, Brunner EJ
Psychoneuroendocrinology 2021 Nov;133:105372. Epub 2021 Aug 5 doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105372. PMID: 34517196Free PMC Article
Loneliness and Diurnal Salivary Cortisol in Emerging Adults.
Lai JCL, Leung MOY, Lee DYH, Lam YW, Berning K
Int J Mol Sci 2018 Jul 3;19(7) doi: 10.3390/ijms19071944. PMID: 29970811Free PMC Article
Hair and Salivary Testosterone, Hair Cortisol, and Externalizing Behaviors in Adolescents.
Grotzinger AD, Mann FD, Patterson MW, Tackett JL, Tucker-Drob EM, Harden KP
Psychol Sci 2018 May;29(5):688-699. Epub 2018 Feb 14 doi: 10.1177/0956797617742981. PMID: 29443645Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Evaluation of Salivary Biomarkers of Periodontal Disease Based on Smoking Status: A Systematic Review.
Noh JW, Jang JH, Yoon HS, Kim KB, Heo MH, Jang HE, Kim YJ, Lee Y
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 Nov 7;19(21) doi: 10.3390/ijerph192114619. PMID: 36361498Free PMC Article
Salivary Biomarkers Associated with Psychological Alterations in Patients with Diabetes: A Systematic Review.
Bargues-Navarro G, Ibáñez-Del Valle V, El Mlili N, Cauli O
Medicina (Kaunas) 2022 Aug 12;58(8) doi: 10.3390/medicina58081091. PMID: 36013558Free PMC Article
Cytokines, cortisol, and nitric oxide as salivary biomarkers in oral lichen planus: a systematic review.
Humberto JSM, Pavanin JV, Rocha MJAD, Motta ACF
Braz Oral Res 2018 Aug 13;32:e82. doi: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2018.vol32.0082. PMID: 30110084
The health benefits of the great outdoors: A systematic review and meta-analysis of greenspace exposure and health outcomes.
Twohig-Bennett C, Jones A
Environ Res 2018 Oct;166:628-637. Epub 2018 Jul 5 doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.06.030. PMID: 29982151Free PMC Article
The impact of essential fatty acid, B vitamins, vitamin C, magnesium and zinc supplementation on stress levels in women: a systematic review.
McCabe D, Lisy K, Lockwood C, Colbeck M
JBI Database System Rev Implement Rep 2017 Feb;15(2):402-453. doi: 10.11124/JBISRIR-2016-002965. PMID: 28178022

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