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Increased fecal protoporphyrin concentration

MedGen UID:
1814410
Concept ID:
C5676846
Finding
HPO: HP:0034283

Definition

Abnormally high concentration of protoporphyrin (derivative of porphyrin with propionic acid groups) in feces. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVIncreased fecal protoporphyrin concentration

Conditions with this feature

Variegate porphyria
MedGen UID:
58118
Concept ID:
C0162532
Disease or Syndrome
Variegate porphyria (VP) is both a cutaneous porphyria (with chronic blistering skin lesions) and an acute porphyria (with severe episodic neurovisceral symptoms). The most common manifestation of VP is adult-onset cutaneous blistering lesions (subepidermal vesicles, bullae, and erosions that crust over and heal slowly) of sun-exposed skin, especially the hands and face. Other chronic skin findings include milia, scarring, thickening, and areas of decreased and increased skin pigmentation. Facial hyperpigmentation and hypertrichosis may occur. Cutaneous manifestations may improve in winter and be less prevalent in northern regions and in dark-skinned individuals. Acute neurovisceral symptoms can occur any time after puberty, but less often in the elderly. Acute manifestations are highly variable, but may be similar from episode to episode in a person with recurrent attacks; not all manifestations are present in a single episode; and acute symptoms may become chronic. Symptoms are more common in women than men. The most common manifestations are abdominal pain; constipation; pain in the back, chest, and extremities; anxiety; seizures; and a primarily motor neuropathy resulting in muscle weakness that may progress to quadriparesis and respiratory paralysis. Psychiatric disturbances and autonomic neuropathy can also be observed. Acute attacks may be severe and are potentially fatal.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Roelandts R
Dermatology 1995;190(4):330-1. doi: 10.1159/000246734. PMID: 7655119

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Stoltzfus RJ, Albonico M, Chwaya HM, Tielsch JM, Schulze KJ, Savioli L
Am J Clin Nutr 1998 Jul;68(1):179-86. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/68.1.179. PMID: 9665112
Beukeveld GJ, Bijleveld CM, Kuipers F, Kreeftenberg HG, Huizenga JR, te Velde K, Wolthers BG
Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 1995 Jul;33(7):453-62. PMID: 7548456

Diagnosis

Lippert BM, Gross U, Klein M, Külkens C, Klahr N, Brossmann P, Teymoortash A, Ney M, Doss MO, Werner JA
Res Commun Mol Pathol Pharmacol 2003;113-114:75-85. PMID: 15686109
Roelandts R
Dermatology 1995;190(4):330-1. doi: 10.1159/000246734. PMID: 7655119
Beukeveld GJ, Bijleveld CM, Kuipers F, Kreeftenberg HG, Huizenga JR, te Velde K, Wolthers BG
Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 1995 Jul;33(7):453-62. PMID: 7548456
Sieg I, Bhutani LK, Doss MO
Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 1995 Jul;33(7):405-10. doi: 10.1515/cclm.1995.33.7.405. PMID: 7548446
Beukeveld GJ, Wolthers BG, van Saene JJ, de Haan TH, de Ruyter-Buitenhuis LW, van Saene RH
Clin Chem 1987 Dec;33(12):2164-70. PMID: 3690835

Therapy

Tolonen H, Ranta S, Hämäläinen E, Kauppinen R, Hukkanen J
Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2023 Mar;132(3):281-291. Epub 2022 Dec 26 doi: 10.1111/bcpt.13826. PMID: 36535687
Roelandts R
Dermatology 1995;190(4):330-1. doi: 10.1159/000246734. PMID: 7655119
Timonen K, Mustajoki P, Tenhunen R, Lauharanta J
Br J Dermatol 1990 Sep;123(3):381-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.1990.tb06299.x. PMID: 2206975
McCullough AJ, Barron D, Mullen KD, Petrelli M, Park MC, Mukhtar H, Bickers DR
Gastroenterology 1988 Jan;94(1):177-81. doi: 10.1016/0016-5085(88)90627-0. PMID: 3335288
Lamon JM, Poh-Fitzpatrick MB, Lamola AA
Gastroenterology 1980 Jul;79(1):115-25. PMID: 7380207

Prognosis

Lippert BM, Gross U, Klein M, Külkens C, Klahr N, Brossmann P, Teymoortash A, Ney M, Doss MO, Werner JA
Res Commun Mol Pathol Pharmacol 2003;113-114:75-85. PMID: 15686109

Clinical prediction guides

Doss MO, Stauch T, Gross U, Renz M, Akagi R, Doss-Frank M, Seelig HP, Sassa S
J Inherit Metab Dis 2004;27(4):529-36. doi: 10.1023/B:BOLI.0000037341.21975.9d. PMID: 15303011
Rocchi E, Ventura P, Ronzoni A, Rosa MC, Gozzi C, Marri L, Casalgrandi G, Cappellini MD
J Inherit Metab Dis 2004;27(2):251-66. doi: 10.1023/B:BOLI.0000028795.84156.da. PMID: 15159656
Lippert BM, Gross U, Klein M, Külkens C, Klahr N, Brossmann P, Teymoortash A, Ney M, Doss MO, Werner JA
Res Commun Mol Pathol Pharmacol 2003;113-114:75-85. PMID: 15686109
Beukeveld GJ, Bijleveld CM, Kuipers F, Kreeftenberg HG, Huizenga JR, te Velde K, Wolthers BG
Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 1995 Jul;33(7):453-62. PMID: 7548456
Beukeveld GJ, Wolthers BG, van Saene JJ, de Haan TH, de Ruyter-Buitenhuis LW, van Saene RH
Clin Chem 1987 Dec;33(12):2164-70. PMID: 3690835

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