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Infective Phlebitis

MedGen UID:
206811
•Concept ID:
C1112243
•
Disease or Syndrome

Definition

Infection at the site of needle puncture or intravenous catheter placement due to poor aseptic techniques. It is characterized by erythema, pain, swelling, and induration at the catheter insertion site. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVInfective Phlebitis

Professional guidelines

PubMed

PICC line management among patients with chronic kidney disease.
Oza-Gajera BP, Davis JA, Farrington C, Lerma EV, Moossavi S, Sheta MA, Dwyer A, Almehmi A
J Vasc Access 2023 Mar;24(2):329-337. Epub 2021 Jul 3 doi: 10.1177/11297298211025897. PMID: 34218708
Peripheral Intravenous Access: Applying Infusion Therapy Standards of Practice to Improve Patient Safety.
Nickel B
Crit Care Nurse 2019 Feb;39(1):61-71. doi: 10.4037/ccn2019790. PMID: 30710037
Diagnosis and treatment of catheter-related bloodstream infection: Clinical guidelines of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology and (SEIMC) and the Spanish Society of Spanish Society of Intensive and Critical Care Medicine and Coronary Units (SEMICYUC).
Chaves F, Garnacho-Montero J, Del Pozo JL, Bouza E, Capdevila JA, de Cueto M, Domínguez MÁ, Esteban J, Fernández-Hidalgo N, Fernández Sampedro M, Fortún J, Guembe M, Lorente L, Paño JR, Ramírez P, Salavert M, Sánchez M, Vallés J
Med Intensiva (Engl Ed) 2018 Jan-Feb;42(1):5-36. doi: 10.1016/j.medin.2017.09.012. PMID: 29406956

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Clinically-indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters.
Webster J, Osborne S, Rickard CM, Marsh N
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019 Jan 23;1(1):CD007798. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007798.pub5. PMID: 30671926Free PMC Article
Phlebitis-related peripheral venous catheterization and the associated risk factors.
Atay S, Sen S, Cukurlu D
Niger J Clin Pract 2018 Jul;21(7):827-831. doi: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_337_17. PMID: 29984711
Routine versus clinically indicated replacement of peripheral intravenous catheters: a randomised controlled equivalence trial.
Rickard CM, Webster J, Wallis MC, Marsh N, McGrail MR, French V, Foster L, Gallagher P, Gowardman JR, Zhang L, McClymont A, Whitby M
Lancet 2012 Sep 22;380(9847):1066-74. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61082-4. PMID: 22998716
Treating superficial venous thrombophlebitis.
Lee JT, Kalani MA
J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2008 Sep;6(8):760-5. doi: 10.6004/jnccn.2008.0057. PMID: 18926088
Burn wound infections.
Church D, Elsayed S, Reid O, Winston B, Lindsay R
Clin Microbiol Rev 2006 Apr;19(2):403-34. doi: 10.1128/CMR.19.2.403-434.2006. PMID: 16614255Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Lemierre's syndrome.
Foo EC, Tanti M, Cliffe H, Randall M
Pract Neurol 2021 Oct;21(5):442-444. Epub 2021 May 7 doi: 10.1136/practneurol-2021-002928. PMID: 33963085
Lemierre's syndrome: A forgotten and re-emerging infection.
Lee WS, Jean SS, Chen FL, Hsieh SM, Hsueh PR
J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2020 Aug;53(4):513-517. Epub 2020 Apr 4 doi: 10.1016/j.jmii.2020.03.027. PMID: 32303484
Lemierre's Syndrome.
Walkty A, Embil J
N Engl J Med 2019 Mar 21;380(12):e16. doi: 10.1056/NEJMicm1808378. PMID: 30893539
Lemierre's syndrome due to Fusobacterium necrophorum.
Kuppalli K, Livorsi D, Talati NJ, Osborn M
Lancet Infect Dis 2012 Oct;12(10):808-15. Epub 2012 May 25 doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(12)70089-0. PMID: 22633566
Burn wound infections.
Church D, Elsayed S, Reid O, Winston B, Lindsay R
Clin Microbiol Rev 2006 Apr;19(2):403-34. doi: 10.1128/CMR.19.2.403-434.2006. PMID: 16614255Free PMC Article

Therapy

Lemierre's syndrome: A forgotten and re-emerging infection.
Lee WS, Jean SS, Chen FL, Hsieh SM, Hsueh PR
J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2020 Aug;53(4):513-517. Epub 2020 Apr 4 doi: 10.1016/j.jmii.2020.03.027. PMID: 32303484
Clinically-indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters.
Webster J, Osborne S, Rickard CM, Marsh N
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019 Jan 23;1(1):CD007798. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007798.pub5. PMID: 30671926Free PMC Article
Phlebitis-related peripheral venous catheterization and the associated risk factors.
Atay S, Sen S, Cukurlu D
Niger J Clin Pract 2018 Jul;21(7):827-831. doi: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_337_17. PMID: 29984711
Routine versus clinically indicated replacement of peripheral intravenous catheters: a randomised controlled equivalence trial.
Rickard CM, Webster J, Wallis MC, Marsh N, McGrail MR, French V, Foster L, Gallagher P, Gowardman JR, Zhang L, McClymont A, Whitby M
Lancet 2012 Sep 22;380(9847):1066-74. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61082-4. PMID: 22998716
Burn wound infections.
Church D, Elsayed S, Reid O, Winston B, Lindsay R
Clin Microbiol Rev 2006 Apr;19(2):403-34. doi: 10.1128/CMR.19.2.403-434.2006. PMID: 16614255Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Lemierre's syndrome.
Foo EC, Tanti M, Cliffe H, Randall M
Pract Neurol 2021 Oct;21(5):442-444. Epub 2021 May 7 doi: 10.1136/practneurol-2021-002928. PMID: 33963085
Cefiderocol: A Siderophore Cephalosporin with Activity Against Carbapenem-Resistant and Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli.
Zhanel GG, Golden AR, Zelenitsky S, Wiebe K, Lawrence CK, Adam HJ, Idowu T, Domalaon R, Schweizer F, Zhanel MA, Lagacé-Wiens PRS, Walkty AJ, Noreddin A, Lynch Iii JP, Karlowsky JA
Drugs 2019 Feb;79(3):271-289. doi: 10.1007/s40265-019-1055-2. PMID: 30712199
Clinically-indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters.
Webster J, Osborne S, Rickard CM, Marsh N
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019 Jan 23;1(1):CD007798. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007798.pub5. PMID: 30671926Free PMC Article
Lemierre's syndrome due to Fusobacterium necrophorum.
Kuppalli K, Livorsi D, Talati NJ, Osborn M
Lancet Infect Dis 2012 Oct;12(10):808-15. Epub 2012 May 25 doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(12)70089-0. PMID: 22633566
Hughes-Stovin syndrome.
Khalid U, Saleem T
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2011 Apr 13;6:15. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-6-15. PMID: 21489283Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

The Practice and Complications of Midline Catheters: A Systematic Review.
Tripathi S, Kumar S, Kaushik S
Crit Care Med 2021 Feb 1;49(2):e140-e150. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000004764. PMID: 33372744
Cefiderocol: A Siderophore Cephalosporin with Activity Against Carbapenem-Resistant and Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli.
Zhanel GG, Golden AR, Zelenitsky S, Wiebe K, Lawrence CK, Adam HJ, Idowu T, Domalaon R, Schweizer F, Zhanel MA, Lagacé-Wiens PRS, Walkty AJ, Noreddin A, Lynch Iii JP, Karlowsky JA
Drugs 2019 Feb;79(3):271-289. doi: 10.1007/s40265-019-1055-2. PMID: 30712199
Complications related to the insertion and maintenance of peripheral venous access central venous catheter.
Lacostena-Pérez ME, Buesa-Escar AM, Gil-Alós AM
Enferm Intensiva (Engl Ed) 2019 Jul-Sep;30(3):116-126. Epub 2018 Sep 3 doi: 10.1016/j.enfi.2018.05.002. PMID: 30190250
Phlebitis-related peripheral venous catheterization and the associated risk factors.
Atay S, Sen S, Cukurlu D
Niger J Clin Pract 2018 Jul;21(7):827-831. doi: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_337_17. PMID: 29984711
Focal retinal phlebitis.
Hoang QV, Freund KB, Klancnik JM Jr, Sorenson JA, Cunningham ET Jr, Yannuzzi LA
Retina 2012 Jan;32(1):120-6. doi: 10.1097/IAE.0b013e31821504c1. PMID: 21691257

Recent systematic reviews

Peripheral intravenous catheter infection and failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Marsh N, Larsen EN, Ullman AJ, Mihala G, Cooke M, Chopra V, Ray-Barruel G, Rickard CM
Int J Nurs Stud 2024 Mar;151:104673. Epub 2023 Dec 9 doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2023.104673. PMID: 38142634
The Practice and Complications of Midline Catheters: A Systematic Review.
Tripathi S, Kumar S, Kaushik S
Crit Care Med 2021 Feb 1;49(2):e140-e150. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000004764. PMID: 33372744
Effectiveness of insertion and maintenance bundles in preventing peripheral intravenous catheter-related complications and bloodstream infection in hospital patients: A systematic review.
Ray-Barruel G, Xu H, Marsh N, Cooke M, Rickard CM
Infect Dis Health 2019 Aug;24(3):152-168. Epub 2019 Apr 18 doi: 10.1016/j.idh.2019.03.001. PMID: 31005606
Clinically-indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters.
Webster J, Osborne S, Rickard CM, Marsh N
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019 Jan 23;1(1):CD007798. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007798.pub5. PMID: 30671926Free PMC Article
Effectiveness, safety and comfort of StatLock securement for peripherally-inserted central catheters: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Luo X, Guo Y, Yu H, Li S, Yin X
Nurs Health Sci 2017 Dec;19(4):403-413. Epub 2017 Jul 21 doi: 10.1111/nhs.12361. PMID: 28730735

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