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Tetanus

MedGen UID:
21489
Concept ID:
C0039614
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: Lockjaw
SNOMED CT: Tetanus (76902006); Infection caused by Clostridium tetani (276202003); Infection due to Clostridium tetani (276202003)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0005526
Orphanet: ORPHA3299

Definition

A toxin-mediated infection due to the anaerobic bacteria <i>Clostridium tetani</i> and characterized by spasms and contractions of the skeletal muscles, the disease is often lethal. [from ORDO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVTetanus
Follow this link to review classifications for Tetanus in Orphanet.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Furer V, Rondaan C, Heijstek MW, Agmon-Levin N, van Assen S, Bijl M, Breedveld FC, D'Amelio R, Dougados M, Kapetanovic MC, van Laar JM, de Thurah A, Landewé RB, Molto A, Müller-Ladner U, Schreiber K, Smolar L, Walker J, Warnatz K, Wulffraat NM, Elkayam O
Ann Rheum Dis 2020 Jan;79(1):39-52. Epub 2019 Aug 14 doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-215882. PMID: 31413005
Hurt JB, Maday KR
JAAPA 2018 Apr;31(4):27-31. doi: 10.1097/01.JAA.0000531049.59137.cd. PMID: 30973531
Rhinesmith E, Fu L
Pediatr Rev 2018 Aug;39(8):430-432. doi: 10.1542/pir.2017-0238. PMID: 30068747

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Weinberger B
Clin Exp Immunol 2017 Jan;187(1):93-99. Epub 2016 Jul 12 doi: 10.1111/cei.12822. PMID: 27279025Free PMC Article
Poudel P, Budhathoki S, Manandhar S
Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2009 Jul-Sep;7(27):315-22. PMID: 20071883
Dhalla S
Can J Surg 2004 Oct;47(5):375-9. PMID: 15540694Free PMC Article
Groleau G
Emerg Med Clin North Am 1992 May;10(2):351-60. PMID: 1559474
Feery BJ
Aust Fam Physician 1981 Mar;10(3):177-80. PMID: 7247851

Diagnosis

Berkowitz AL
Continuum (Minneap Minn) 2018 Oct;24(5, Neuroinfectious Disease):1459-1488. doi: 10.1212/CON.0000000000000651. PMID: 30273248
Rhinesmith E, Fu L
Pediatr Rev 2018 Aug;39(8):430-432. doi: 10.1542/pir.2017-0238. PMID: 30068747
Gelbart D
JAAPA 2017 Dec;30(12):46-47. doi: 10.1097/01.JAA.0000526785.27024.bb. PMID: 29210909
Poudel P, Budhathoki S, Manandhar S
Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2009 Jul-Sep;7(27):315-22. PMID: 20071883
Groleau G
Emerg Med Clin North Am 1992 May;10(2):351-60. PMID: 1559474

Therapy

Zimakoff AC, Jensen A, Vittrup DM, Herlufsen EH, Sørensen JK, Malon M, Svensson J, Stensballe LG
BMJ 2023 Jun 7;381:e072724. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2022-072724. PMID: 37286215Free PMC Article
Abdullahi LH, Kagina BM, Ndze VN, Hussey GD, Wiysonge CS
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020 Jan 17;1(1):CD011895. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011895.pub2. PMID: 31978259Free PMC Article
Sampson JH, Gunn MD, Fecci PE, Ashley DM
Nat Rev Cancer 2020 Jan;20(1):12-25. Epub 2019 Dec 5 doi: 10.1038/s41568-019-0224-7. PMID: 31806885Free PMC Article
Munoz FM, Bond NH, Maccato M, Pinell P, Hammill HA, Swamy GK, Walter EB, Jackson LA, Englund JA, Edwards MS, Healy CM, Petrie CR, Ferreira J, Goll JB, Baker CJ
JAMA 2014 May 7;311(17):1760-9. doi: 10.1001/jama.2014.3633. PMID: 24794369Free PMC Article
Frampton JE
Paediatr Drugs 2011 Dec 1;13(6):401-15. doi: 10.2165/11207740-000000000-00000. PMID: 21999652

Prognosis

Benn CS, Fisker AB, Rieckmann A, Sørup S, Aaby P
Lancet Infect Dis 2020 Oct;20(10):e274-e283. Epub 2020 Jul 6 doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(19)30742-X. PMID: 32645296
GBD 2016 Neurology Collaborators
Lancet Neurol 2019 May;18(5):459-480. Epub 2019 Mar 14 doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(18)30499-X. PMID: 30879893Free PMC Article
Thwaites CL, Beeching NJ, Newton CR
Lancet 2015 Jan 24;385(9965):362-70. Epub 2014 Aug 19 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60236-1. PMID: 25149223Free PMC Article
Lozano R, Naghavi M, Foreman K, Lim S, Shibuya K, Aboyans V, Abraham J, Adair T, Aggarwal R, Ahn SY, Alvarado M, Anderson HR, Anderson LM, Andrews KG, Atkinson C, Baddour LM, Barker-Collo S, Bartels DH, Bell ML, Benjamin EJ, Bennett D, Bhalla K, Bikbov B, Bin Abdulhak A, Birbeck G, Blyth F, Bolliger I, Boufous S, Bucello C, Burch M, Burney P, Carapetis J, Chen H, Chou D, Chugh SS, Coffeng LE, Colan SD, Colquhoun S, Colson KE, Condon J, Connor MD, Cooper LT, Corriere M, Cortinovis M, de Vaccaro KC, Couser W, Cowie BC, Criqui MH, Cross M, Dabhadkar KC, Dahodwala N, De Leo D, Degenhardt L, Delossantos A, Denenberg J, Des Jarlais DC, Dharmaratne SD, Dorsey ER, Driscoll T, Duber H, Ebel B, Erwin PJ, Espindola P, Ezzati M, Feigin V, Flaxman AD, Forouzanfar MH, Fowkes FG, Franklin R, Fransen M, Freeman MK, Gabriel SE, Gakidou E, Gaspari F, Gillum RF, Gonzalez-Medina D, Halasa YA, Haring D, Harrison JE, Havmoeller R, Hay RJ, Hoen B, Hotez PJ, Hoy D, Jacobsen KH, James SL, Jasrasaria R, Jayaraman S, Johns N, Karthikeyan G, Kassebaum N, Keren A, Khoo JP, Knowlton LM, Kobusingye O, Koranteng A, Krishnamurthi R, Lipnick M, Lipshultz SE, Ohno SL, Mabweijano J, MacIntyre MF, Mallinger L, March L, Marks GB, Marks R, Matsumori A, Matzopoulos R, Mayosi BM, McAnulty JH, McDermott MM, McGrath J, Mensah GA, Merriman TR, Michaud C, Miller M, Miller TR, Mock C, Mocumbi AO, Mokdad AA, Moran A, Mulholland K, Nair MN, Naldi L, Narayan KM, Nasseri K, Norman P, O'Donnell M, Omer SB, Ortblad K, Osborne R, Ozgediz D, Pahari B, Pandian JD, Rivero AP, Padilla RP, Perez-Ruiz F, Perico N, Phillips D, Pierce K, Pope CA 3rd, Porrini E, Pourmalek F, Raju M, Ranganathan D, Rehm JT, Rein DB, Remuzzi G, Rivara FP, Roberts T, De León FR, Rosenfeld LC, Rushton L, Sacco RL, Salomon JA, Sampson U, Sanman E, Schwebel DC, Segui-Gomez M, Shepard DS, Singh D, Singleton J, Sliwa K, Smith E, Steer A, Taylor JA, Thomas B, Tleyjeh IM, Towbin JA, Truelsen T, Undurraga EA, Venketasubramanian N, Vijayakumar L, Vos T, Wagner GR, Wang M, Wang W, Watt K, Weinstock MA, Weintraub R, Wilkinson JD, Woolf AD, Wulf S, Yeh PH, Yip P, Zabetian A, Zheng ZJ, Lopez AD, Murray CJ, AlMazroa MA, Memish ZA
Lancet 2012 Dec 15;380(9859):2095-128. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0. PMID: 23245604Free PMC Article
Lawn JE, Cousens S, Zupan J; Lancet Neonatal Survival Steering Team
Lancet 2005 Mar 5-11;365(9462):891-900. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)71048-5. PMID: 15752534

Clinical prediction guides

Kiefer MK, Mehl R, Costantine MM, Landon MB, Bartholomew A, Mallampati D, Manuck T, Grobman W, Rood KM, Venkatesh KK
Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2022 May;4(3):100603. Epub 2022 Feb 28 doi: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2022.100603. PMID: 35240346
Lodolce AE
Ann Pharmacother 2012 Jun;46(6):884-8. Epub 2012 Jun 5 doi: 10.1345/aph.1Q651. PMID: 22669800
Bozzo P, Narducci A, Einarson A
Can Fam Physician 2011 May;57(5):555-7. PMID: 21571717Free PMC Article
Dhalla S
Can J Surg 2004 Oct;47(5):375-9. PMID: 15540694Free PMC Article
Newman C, Jacobs C, Roberts B
Conn Med 1975 Dec;39(12):773-4. PMID: 1204340

Recent systematic reviews

GBD 2017 US Neurological Disorders Collaborators, Feigin VL, Vos T, Alahdab F, Amit AML, Bärnighausen TW, Beghi E, Beheshti M, Chavan PP, Criqui MH, Desai R, Dhamminda Dharmaratne S, Dorsey ER, Wilder Eagan A, Elgendy IY, Filip I, Giampaoli S, Giussani G, Hafezi-Nejad N, Hole MK, Ikeda T, Owens Johnson C, Kalani R, Khatab K, Khubchandani J, Kim D, Koroshetz WJ, Krishnamoorthy V, Krishnamurthi RV, Liu X, Lo WD, Logroscino G, Mensah GA, Miller TR, Mohammed S, Mokdad AH, Moradi-Lakeh M, Morrison SD, Shivamurthy VKN, Naghavi M, Nichols E, Norrving B, Odell CM, Pupillo E, Radfar A, Roth GA, Shafieesabet A, Sheikh A, Sheikhbahaei S, Shin JI, Singh JA, Steiner TJ, Stovner LJ, Wallin MT, Weiss J, Wu C, Zunt JR, Adelson JD, Murray CJL
JAMA Neurol 2021 Feb 1;78(2):165-176. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.4152. PMID: 33136137Free PMC Article
Yuan S, Xiong Y, Larsson SC
J Neurol 2021 Jan;268(1):114-124. Epub 2020 Jul 29 doi: 10.1007/s00415-020-10119-8. PMID: 32728946Free PMC Article
Abdullahi LH, Kagina BM, Ndze VN, Hussey GD, Wiysonge CS
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020 Jan 17;1(1):CD011895. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011895.pub2. PMID: 31978259Free PMC Article
Leidner AJ, Murthy N, Chesson HW, Biggerstaff M, Stoecker C, Harris AM, Acosta A, Dooling K, Bridges CB
Vaccine 2019 Jan 7;37(2):226-234. Epub 2018 Dec 4 doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.11.056. PMID: 30527660Free PMC Article
Jarrett C, Wilson R, O'Leary M, Eckersberger E, Larson HJ; SAGE Working Group on Vaccine Hesitancy
Vaccine 2015 Aug 14;33(34):4180-90. Epub 2015 Apr 18 doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.04.040. PMID: 25896377

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