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Ischemic encephalopathy

MedGen UID:
3322
•Concept ID:
C0007786
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Brain Ischemia; Brain Ischemias; Encephalopathy, Ischemic; Ischemia, Brain; Ischemic Encephalopathies; Ischemic Encephalopathy
SNOMED CT: Ischemic encephalopathy (389100007)

Definition

Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION. [from MeSH]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Treatment of seizures in the neonate: Guidelines and consensus-based recommendations-Special report from the ILAE Task Force on Neonatal Seizures.
Pressler RM, Abend NS, Auvin S, Boylan G, Brigo F, Cilio MR, De Vries LS, Elia M, Espeche A, Hahn CD, Inder T, Jette N, Kakooza-Mwesige A, Mader S, Mizrahi EM, Moshé SL, Nagarajan L, Noyman I, Nunes ML, Samia P, Shany E, Shellhaas RA, Subota A, Triki CC, Tsuchida T, Vinayan KP, Wilmshurst JM, Yozawitz EG, Hartmann H
Epilepsia 2023 Oct;64(10):2550-2570. Epub 2023 Sep 1 doi: 10.1111/epi.17745. PMID: 37655702
Neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy: an update on disease pathogenesis and treatment.
Yıldız EP, Ekici B, Tatlı B
Expert Rev Neurother 2017 May;17(5):449-459. Epub 2016 Nov 23 doi: 10.1080/14737175.2017.1259567. PMID: 27830959
Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of cerebral palsy.
O'Shea TM
Clin Obstet Gynecol 2008 Dec;51(4):816-28. doi: 10.1097/GRF.0b013e3181870ba7. PMID: 18981805Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Placental pathology and neonatal encephalopathy.
Fox A, Doyle E, Geary M, Hayes B
Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2023 Jan;160(1):22-27. Epub 2022 Jul 3 doi: 10.1002/ijgo.14301. PMID: 35694848Free PMC Article
Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) in Term and Preterm Infants.
Ristovska S, Stomnaroska O, Danilovski D
Pril (Makedon Akad Nauk Umet Odd Med Nauki) 2022 Apr 22;43(1):77-84. doi: 10.2478/prilozi-2022-0013. PMID: 35451288
The Term Newborn: Evaluation for Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.
Bonifacio SL, Hutson S
Clin Perinatol 2021 Aug;48(3):681-695. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2021.05.014. PMID: 34353587
Therapeutic Hypothermia in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.
Wassink G, Davidson JO, Dhillon SK, Zhou K, Bennet L, Thoresen M, Gunn AJ
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2019 Jan 14;19(2):2. doi: 10.1007/s11910-019-0916-0. PMID: 30637551
Neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy: an update on disease pathogenesis and treatment.
Yıldız EP, Ekici B, Tatlı B
Expert Rev Neurother 2017 May;17(5):449-459. Epub 2016 Nov 23 doi: 10.1080/14737175.2017.1259567. PMID: 27830959

Diagnosis

Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) in Term and Preterm Infants.
Ristovska S, Stomnaroska O, Danilovski D
Pril (Makedon Akad Nauk Umet Odd Med Nauki) 2022 Apr 22;43(1):77-84. doi: 10.2478/prilozi-2022-0013. PMID: 35451288
Novel Therapeutics for Neonatal Seizures.
Ziobro JM, Eschbach K, Shellhaas RA
Neurotherapeutics 2021 Jul;18(3):1564-1581. Epub 2021 Aug 12 doi: 10.1007/s13311-021-01085-8. PMID: 34386906Free PMC Article
The Term Newborn: Evaluation for Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.
Bonifacio SL, Hutson S
Clin Perinatol 2021 Aug;48(3):681-695. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2021.05.014. PMID: 34353587
Neonatal Encephalopathy: Beyond Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.
Russ JB, Simmons R, Glass HC
Neoreviews 2021 Mar;22(3):e148-e162. doi: 10.1542/neo.22-3-e148. PMID: 33649088
Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: a review for the clinician.
Douglas-Escobar M, Weiss MD
JAMA Pediatr 2015 Apr;169(4):397-403. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.3269. PMID: 25685948

Therapy

Novel Therapeutics for Neonatal Seizures.
Ziobro JM, Eschbach K, Shellhaas RA
Neurotherapeutics 2021 Jul;18(3):1564-1581. Epub 2021 Aug 12 doi: 10.1007/s13311-021-01085-8. PMID: 34386906Free PMC Article
The Term Newborn: Evaluation for Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.
Bonifacio SL, Hutson S
Clin Perinatol 2021 Aug;48(3):681-695. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2021.05.014. PMID: 34353587
Neonatal encephalopathy and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.
Gunn AJ, Thoresen M
Handb Clin Neurol 2019;162:217-237. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-64029-1.00010-2. PMID: 31324312
Hypothermia therapy for newborns with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy.
Silveira RC, Procianoy RS
J Pediatr (Rio J) 2015 Nov-Dec;91(6 Suppl 1):S78-83. Epub 2015 Sep 4 doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2015.07.004. PMID: 26354871
Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: a review for the clinician.
Douglas-Escobar M, Weiss MD
JAMA Pediatr 2015 Apr;169(4):397-403. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.3269. PMID: 25685948

Prognosis

Biomarkers of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: a systematic review.
Caramelo I, Coelho M, Rosado M, Cardoso CMP, Dinis A, Duarte CB, Grãos M, Manadas B
World J Pediatr 2023 Jun;19(6):505-548. Epub 2023 Apr 21 doi: 10.1007/s12519-023-00698-7. PMID: 37084165Free PMC Article
Outcome and prognostication after cardiac arrest.
Henson T, Rawanduzy C, Salazar M, Sebastian A, Weber H, Al-Mufti F, Mayer SA
Ann N Y Acad Sci 2022 Feb;1508(1):23-34. Epub 2021 Sep 27 doi: 10.1111/nyas.14699. PMID: 34580886
The Term Newborn: Evaluation for Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.
Bonifacio SL, Hutson S
Clin Perinatol 2021 Aug;48(3):681-695. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2021.05.014. PMID: 34353587
Neonatal Epileptic Encephalopathies.
Ahmad SF, Ahmad KA, Ng YT
Semin Pediatr Neurol 2021 Apr;37:100880. Epub 2021 Mar 4 doi: 10.1016/j.spen.2021.100880. PMID: 33892847
Methods for assessing the severity of perinatal asphyxia and early prognostic tools in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy treated with therapeutic hypothermia.
Walas W, Wilińska M, Bekiesińska-Figatowska M, Halaba Z, Śmigiel R
Adv Clin Exp Med 2020 Aug;29(8):1011-1016. doi: 10.17219/acem/124437. PMID: 32820870

Clinical prediction guides

Methods for assessing the severity of perinatal asphyxia and early prognostic tools in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy treated with therapeutic hypothermia.
Walas W, Wilińska M, Bekiesińska-Figatowska M, Halaba Z, Śmigiel R
Adv Clin Exp Med 2020 Aug;29(8):1011-1016. doi: 10.17219/acem/124437. PMID: 32820870
Two-Year Neurodevelopmental Outcomes After Mild Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy in the Era of Therapeutic Hypothermia.
Finder M, Boylan GB, Twomey D, Ahearne C, Murray DM, Hallberg B
JAMA Pediatr 2020 Jan 1;174(1):48-55. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.4011. PMID: 31710357Free PMC Article
Neurology of cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Mulder M, Geocadin RG
Handb Clin Neurol 2017;141:593-617. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-63599-0.00032-6. PMID: 28190437
Determinants of prognosis in neurocatastrophes.
Sharma K, Stevens RD
Handb Clin Neurol 2017;140:379-395. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-63600-3.00021-0. PMID: 28187811
Outcomes in childhood following therapeutic hypothermia for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).
Natarajan G, Pappas A, Shankaran S
Semin Perinatol 2016 Dec;40(8):549-555. Epub 2016 Nov 15 doi: 10.1053/j.semperi.2016.09.007. PMID: 27863707Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Treatment of seizures in the neonate: Guidelines and consensus-based recommendations-Special report from the ILAE Task Force on Neonatal Seizures.
Pressler RM, Abend NS, Auvin S, Boylan G, Brigo F, Cilio MR, De Vries LS, Elia M, Espeche A, Hahn CD, Inder T, Jette N, Kakooza-Mwesige A, Mader S, Mizrahi EM, Moshé SL, Nagarajan L, Noyman I, Nunes ML, Samia P, Shany E, Shellhaas RA, Subota A, Triki CC, Tsuchida T, Vinayan KP, Wilmshurst JM, Yozawitz EG, Hartmann H
Epilepsia 2023 Oct;64(10):2550-2570. Epub 2023 Sep 1 doi: 10.1111/epi.17745. PMID: 37655702
Biomarkers of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: a systematic review.
Caramelo I, Coelho M, Rosado M, Cardoso CMP, Dinis A, Duarte CB, Grãos M, Manadas B
World J Pediatr 2023 Jun;19(6):505-548. Epub 2023 Apr 21 doi: 10.1007/s12519-023-00698-7. PMID: 37084165Free PMC Article
To feed or not to feed during therapeutic hypothermia in asphyxiated neonates: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Kumar J, Anne RP, Meena J, Sundaram V, Dutta S, Kumar P
Eur J Pediatr 2023 Jun;182(6):2759-2773. Epub 2023 Apr 4 doi: 10.1007/s00431-023-04950-0. PMID: 37014443
Advances in Neonatal Acute Kidney Injury.
Starr MC, Charlton JR, Guillet R, Reidy K, Tipple TE, Jetton JG, Kent AL, Abitbol CL, Ambalavanan N, Mhanna MJ, Askenazi DJ, Selewski DT, Harer MW; Neonatal Kidney Collaborative Board
Pediatrics 2021 Nov;148(5) Epub 2021 Oct 1 doi: 10.1542/peds.2021-051220. PMID: 34599008
Neonatal seizures as onset of Inborn Errors of Metabolism (IEMs): from diagnosis to treatment. A systematic review.
Falsaperla R, Sciuto L, La Spina L, Sciuto S, Praticò AD, Ruggieri M
Metab Brain Dis 2021 Dec;36(8):2195-2203. Epub 2021 Aug 17 doi: 10.1007/s11011-021-00798-1. PMID: 34403026Free PMC Article

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