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Dystonia with cerebellar atrophy(DYTCA)

MedGen UID:
392987
Concept ID:
C2673697
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: DYTCA
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0012712
OMIM®: 611694

Clinical features

From HPO
Dysphagia
MedGen UID:
41440
Concept ID:
C0011168
Disease or Syndrome
Difficulty in swallowing.
Dysarthria
MedGen UID:
8510
Concept ID:
C0013362
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Dysarthric speech is a general description referring to a neurological speech disorder characterized by poor articulation. Depending on the involved neurological structures, dysarthria may be further classified as spastic, flaccid, ataxic, hyperkinetic and hypokinetic, or mixed.
Dystonic disorder
MedGen UID:
3940
Concept ID:
C0013421
Sign or Symptom
An abnormally increased muscular tone that causes fixed abnormal postures. There is a slow, intermittent twisting motion that leads to exaggerated turning and posture of the extremities and trunk.
Torticollis
MedGen UID:
11859
Concept ID:
C0040485
Sign or Symptom
Torticollis is a twisted neck as a result of shortening of sternocleidomastoid muscle. This short and fibrotic muscle pulls the head laterally and rotates the chin and face to the opposite end. Facial asymmetry may be a manifestation (summary by Engin et al., 1997).
Progressive cerebellar ataxia
MedGen UID:
140727
Concept ID:
C0393525
Disease or Syndrome
Cerebellar atrophy
MedGen UID:
196624
Concept ID:
C0740279
Disease or Syndrome
Cerebellar atrophy is defined as a cerebellum with initially normal structures, in a posterior fossa with normal size, which displays enlarged fissures (interfolial spaces) in comparison to the foliae secondary to loss of tissue. Cerebellar atrophy implies irreversible loss of tissue and result from an ongoing progressive disease until a final stage is reached or a single injury, e.g. an intoxication or infectious event.
Brisk reflexes
MedGen UID:
382164
Concept ID:
C2673700
Finding
Tendon reflexes that are noticeably more active than usual (conventionally denoted 3+ on clinical examination). Brisk reflexes may or may not indicate a neurological lesion. They are distinguished from hyperreflexia by the fact that hyerreflexia is characterized by hyperactive repeating (clonic) reflexes, which are considered to be always abnormal.
Craniofacial dystonia
MedGen UID:
868612
Concept ID:
C4023011
Disease or Syndrome
A form of focal dystonia affecting the face and especially the jaw that is induced by the act of speaking. It is an involuntary contraction of the masticatory muscles, resulting in dysarthria or dysphagia.
Dysphonia
MedGen UID:
282893
Concept ID:
C1527344
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Difficulty in speaking due to a physical disorder of the mouth, tongue, throat, or vocal cords. Associated with a known physical or neurological cause.
Gaze-evoked horizontal nystagmus
MedGen UID:
377895
Concept ID:
C1853394
Finding
Horizontal nystagmus made apparent by looking to the right or to the left.
Abnormality of the eye
MedGen UID:
1370071
Concept ID:
C4316870
Anatomical Abnormality
Any abnormality of the eye, including location, spacing, and intraocular abnormalities.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Dehnavi AZ, Bemanalizadeh M, Kahani SM, Ashrafi MR, Rohani M, Toosi MB, Heidari M, Hosseinpour S, Amini B, Zokaei S, Rezaei Z, Aryan H, Amanat M, Vahidnezhad H, Mohammadi P, Garshasbi M, Tavasoli AR
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2023 Jul 5;18(1):177. doi: 10.1186/s13023-023-02780-9. PMID: 37403138Free PMC Article
Magrinelli F, Mehta S, Di Lazzaro G, Latorre A, Edwards MJ, Balint B, Basu P, Kobylecki C, Groppa S, Hegde A, Mulroy E, Estevez-Fraga C, Arora A, Kumar H, Schneider SA, Lewis PA, Jaunmuktane Z, Revesz T, Gandhi S, Wood NW, Hardy JA, Tinazzi M, Lal V, Houlden H, Bhatia KP
Mov Disord 2022 Jan;37(1):148-161. Epub 2021 Oct 8 doi: 10.1002/mds.28807. PMID: 34622992
Duat-Rodríguez A, Prochazkova M, Sebastian IP, Extremera VC, Legido MJ, Palero SR, Ortiz Cabrera NV
Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2021 Sep;34:105-109. Epub 2021 Aug 26 doi: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2021.08.005. PMID: 34464766

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Pedroso JL, Vale TC, Freitas JL, Araújo FMM, Meira AT, Neto PB, França MC Junior, Tumas V, Teive HAG, Barsottini OGP
Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2023 Nov;81(11):1000-1007. Epub 2023 Nov 30 doi: 10.1055/s-0043-1777005. PMID: 38035585Free PMC Article
Jellinger KA
J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2022 Jun;129(5-6):521-543. Epub 2021 Aug 7 doi: 10.1007/s00702-021-02392-2. PMID: 34363531
Traschütz A, Cortese A, Reich S, Dominik N, Faber J, Jacobi H, Hartmann AM, Rujescu D, Montaut S, Echaniz-Laguna A, Erer S, Schütz VC, Tarnutzer AA, Sturm M, Haack TB, Vaucamps-Diedhiou N, Puccio H, Schöls L, Klockgether T, van de Warrenburg BP, Paucar M, Timmann D, Hilgers RD, Gazulla J, Strupp M, Moris G, Filla A, Houlden H, Anheim M, Infante J, Basak AN, Synofzik M; RFC1 Study Group
Neurology 2021 Mar 2;96(9):e1369-e1382. Epub 2021 Jan 25 doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000011528. PMID: 33495376Free PMC Article
Ercoli T, Defazio G, Muroni A
Cerebellum 2019 Oct;18(5):932-940. doi: 10.1007/s12311-019-01059-9. PMID: 31388971
Perlman SL
Handb Clin Neurol 2011;100:113-40. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-52014-2.00006-9. PMID: 21496573

Diagnosis

Pedroso JL, Vale TC, Freitas JL, Araújo FMM, Meira AT, Neto PB, França MC Junior, Tumas V, Teive HAG, Barsottini OGP
Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2023 Nov;81(11):1000-1007. Epub 2023 Nov 30 doi: 10.1055/s-0043-1777005. PMID: 38035585Free PMC Article
Vezyroglou A, Akilapa R, Barwick K, Koene S, Brownstein CA, Holder-Espinasse M, Fry AE, Németh AH, Tofaris GK, Hay E, Hughes I, Mansour S, Mordekar SR, Splitt M, Turnpenny PD, Demetriou D, Koopmann TT, Ruivenkamp CAL, Agrawal PB, Carr L, Clowes V, Ghali N, Holder SE, Radley J, Male A, Sisodiya SM, Kurian MA, Cross JH, Balasubramanian M
Neurology 2022 Oct 4;99(14):e1511-e1526. Epub 2022 Jul 18 doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000200927. PMID: 36192182Free PMC Article
Jellinger KA
J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2022 Jun;129(5-6):521-543. Epub 2021 Aug 7 doi: 10.1007/s00702-021-02392-2. PMID: 34363531
Traschütz A, Cortese A, Reich S, Dominik N, Faber J, Jacobi H, Hartmann AM, Rujescu D, Montaut S, Echaniz-Laguna A, Erer S, Schütz VC, Tarnutzer AA, Sturm M, Haack TB, Vaucamps-Diedhiou N, Puccio H, Schöls L, Klockgether T, van de Warrenburg BP, Paucar M, Timmann D, Hilgers RD, Gazulla J, Strupp M, Moris G, Filla A, Houlden H, Anheim M, Infante J, Basak AN, Synofzik M; RFC1 Study Group
Neurology 2021 Mar 2;96(9):e1369-e1382. Epub 2021 Jan 25 doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000011528. PMID: 33495376Free PMC Article
Perlman SL
Handb Clin Neurol 2011;100:113-40. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-52014-2.00006-9. PMID: 21496573

Therapy

Saffari A, Kellner M, Jordan C, Rosengarten H, Mo A, Zhang B, Strelko O, Neuser S, Davis MY, Yoshikura N, Futamura N, Takeuchi T, Nabatame S, Ishiura H, Tsuji S, Aldeen HS, Cali E, Rocca C, Houlden H, Efthymiou S, Assmann B, Yoon G, Trombetta BA, Kivisäkk P, Eichler F, Nan H, Takiyama Y, Tessa A, Santorelli FM, Sahin M, Blackstone C, Yang E, Schüle R, Ebrahimi-Fakhari D
Brain 2023 May 2;146(5):2003-2015. doi: 10.1093/brain/awac391. PMID: 36315648Free PMC Article
Traschütz A, Cortese A, Reich S, Dominik N, Faber J, Jacobi H, Hartmann AM, Rujescu D, Montaut S, Echaniz-Laguna A, Erer S, Schütz VC, Tarnutzer AA, Sturm M, Haack TB, Vaucamps-Diedhiou N, Puccio H, Schöls L, Klockgether T, van de Warrenburg BP, Paucar M, Timmann D, Hilgers RD, Gazulla J, Strupp M, Moris G, Filla A, Houlden H, Anheim M, Infante J, Basak AN, Synofzik M; RFC1 Study Group
Neurology 2021 Mar 2;96(9):e1369-e1382. Epub 2021 Jan 25 doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000011528. PMID: 33495376Free PMC Article
Traschütz A, Schirinzi T, Laugwitz L, Murray NH, Bingman CA, Reich S, Kern J, Heinzmann A, Vasco G, Bertini E, Zanni G, Durr A, Magri S, Taroni F, Malandrini A, Baets J, de Jonghe P, de Ridder W, Bereau M, Demuth S, Ganos C, Basak AN, Hanagasi H, Kurul SH, Bender B, Schöls L, Grasshoff U, Klopstock T, Horvath R, van de Warrenburg B, Burglen L, Rougeot C, Ewenczyk C, Koenig M, Santorelli FM, Anheim M, Munhoz RP, Haack T, Distelmaier F, Pagliarini DJ, Puccio H, Synofzik M
Ann Neurol 2020 Aug;88(2):251-263. Epub 2020 Jun 10 doi: 10.1002/ana.25751. PMID: 32337771Free PMC Article
Nunes MB, Martinez AR, Rezende TJ, Friedman JH, Lopes-Cendes I, D'Abreu A, França MC Jr
Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2015 Dec;21(12):1441-7. Epub 2015 Oct 30 doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2015.10.016. PMID: 26552869
Gazulla J, Ruiz-Gazulla C, Tintore M
Curr Pharm Des 2015;21(34):4989-95. doi: 10.2174/1381612821666150914120923. PMID: 26365142

Prognosis

Pavone P, Pappalardo XG, Ruggieri M, Falsaperla R, Parano E
Medicine (Baltimore) 2022 Aug 5;101(31):e29413. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000029413. PMID: 35945798Free PMC Article
Vetro A, Nielsen HN, Holm R, Hevner RF, Parrini E, Powis Z, Møller RS, Bellan C, Simonati A, Lesca G, Helbig KL, Palmer EE, Mei D, Ballardini E, Van Haeringen A, Syrbe S, Leuzzi V, Cioni G, Curry CJ, Costain G, Santucci M, Chong K, Mancini GMS, Clayton-Smith J, Bigoni S, Scheffer IE, Dobyns WB, Vilsen B, Guerrini R; ATP1A2/A3-collaborators
Brain 2021 Jun 22;144(5):1435-1450. doi: 10.1093/brain/awab052. PMID: 33880529
Traschütz A, Cortese A, Reich S, Dominik N, Faber J, Jacobi H, Hartmann AM, Rujescu D, Montaut S, Echaniz-Laguna A, Erer S, Schütz VC, Tarnutzer AA, Sturm M, Haack TB, Vaucamps-Diedhiou N, Puccio H, Schöls L, Klockgether T, van de Warrenburg BP, Paucar M, Timmann D, Hilgers RD, Gazulla J, Strupp M, Moris G, Filla A, Houlden H, Anheim M, Infante J, Basak AN, Synofzik M; RFC1 Study Group
Neurology 2021 Mar 2;96(9):e1369-e1382. Epub 2021 Jan 25 doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000011528. PMID: 33495376Free PMC Article
Ercoli T, Defazio G, Muroni A
Cerebellum 2019 Oct;18(5):932-940. doi: 10.1007/s12311-019-01059-9. PMID: 31388971
Rohrer G, Höglinger GU, Levin J
Auton Neurosci 2018 May;211:26-30. Epub 2017 Oct 27 doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2017.10.006. PMID: 29104019

Clinical prediction guides

Pedroso JL, Vale TC, Freitas JL, Araújo FMM, Meira AT, Neto PB, França MC Junior, Tumas V, Teive HAG, Barsottini OGP
Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2023 Nov;81(11):1000-1007. Epub 2023 Nov 30 doi: 10.1055/s-0043-1777005. PMID: 38035585Free PMC Article
Vezyroglou A, Akilapa R, Barwick K, Koene S, Brownstein CA, Holder-Espinasse M, Fry AE, Németh AH, Tofaris GK, Hay E, Hughes I, Mansour S, Mordekar SR, Splitt M, Turnpenny PD, Demetriou D, Koopmann TT, Ruivenkamp CAL, Agrawal PB, Carr L, Clowes V, Ghali N, Holder SE, Radley J, Male A, Sisodiya SM, Kurian MA, Cross JH, Balasubramanian M
Neurology 2022 Oct 4;99(14):e1511-e1526. Epub 2022 Jul 18 doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000200927. PMID: 36192182Free PMC Article
Vetro A, Nielsen HN, Holm R, Hevner RF, Parrini E, Powis Z, Møller RS, Bellan C, Simonati A, Lesca G, Helbig KL, Palmer EE, Mei D, Ballardini E, Van Haeringen A, Syrbe S, Leuzzi V, Cioni G, Curry CJ, Costain G, Santucci M, Chong K, Mancini GMS, Clayton-Smith J, Bigoni S, Scheffer IE, Dobyns WB, Vilsen B, Guerrini R; ATP1A2/A3-collaborators
Brain 2021 Jun 22;144(5):1435-1450. doi: 10.1093/brain/awab052. PMID: 33880529
Traschütz A, Cortese A, Reich S, Dominik N, Faber J, Jacobi H, Hartmann AM, Rujescu D, Montaut S, Echaniz-Laguna A, Erer S, Schütz VC, Tarnutzer AA, Sturm M, Haack TB, Vaucamps-Diedhiou N, Puccio H, Schöls L, Klockgether T, van de Warrenburg BP, Paucar M, Timmann D, Hilgers RD, Gazulla J, Strupp M, Moris G, Filla A, Houlden H, Anheim M, Infante J, Basak AN, Synofzik M; RFC1 Study Group
Neurology 2021 Mar 2;96(9):e1369-e1382. Epub 2021 Jan 25 doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000011528. PMID: 33495376Free PMC Article
Ercoli T, Defazio G, Muroni A
Cerebellum 2019 Oct;18(5):932-940. doi: 10.1007/s12311-019-01059-9. PMID: 31388971

Recent systematic reviews

Öz Yıldız S, Yalnızoğlu D, Şimsek Kiper PÖ, Göçmen R, Soğukpınar M, Utine GE, Haliloğlu G
Neuropediatrics 2024 Jun;55(3):156-165. Epub 2024 Feb 16 doi: 10.1055/s-0044-1779618. PMID: 38365196
Magrinelli F, Mehta S, Di Lazzaro G, Latorre A, Edwards MJ, Balint B, Basu P, Kobylecki C, Groppa S, Hegde A, Mulroy E, Estevez-Fraga C, Arora A, Kumar H, Schneider SA, Lewis PA, Jaunmuktane Z, Revesz T, Gandhi S, Wood NW, Hardy JA, Tinazzi M, Lal V, Houlden H, Bhatia KP
Mov Disord 2022 Jan;37(1):148-161. Epub 2021 Oct 8 doi: 10.1002/mds.28807. PMID: 34622992
Chaudhry D, Chaudhry A, Muzaffar J, Monksfield P, Bance M
J Int Adv Otol 2020 Dec;16(3):411-431. doi: 10.5152/iao.2020.9035. PMID: 33136025Free PMC Article

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