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Testicular mass

MedGen UID:
66026
•Concept ID:
C0241353
•
Finding
Synonyms: Lump in testis; Mass of testicle; Mass of testis; Testicular lump; Testicular Mass
SNOMED CT: Testicular mass (87860000); Testicular lump (87860000); Mass of testis (87860000); Lump in testis (87860000); Mass of testicle (87860000)
 
HPO: HP:0032404

Definition

An abnormal bulge or lump in a testis. A testicular mass has a long differential diagnosis including testicular torsion, epididymitis, acute orchitis, strangulated hernia and testicular cancer. [from HPO]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

The clinical features and treatment options of intratesticular epidermoid cysts.
Topuz B, Coğuplugil AE, Yılmaz S, Sarıkaya S, Zor M, Uğuz S, Kaya E, Bedir S
Arch Esp Urol 2020 Mar;73(2):126-131. PMID: 32124843
Management of Primary Testicular Tumor.
Ghoreifi A, Djaladat H
Urol Clin North Am 2019 Aug;46(3):333-339. doi: 10.1016/j.ucl.2019.04.006. PMID: 31277728
Diagnosis and treatment of testicular cancer.
Shaw J
Am Fam Physician 2008 Feb 15;77(4):469-74. PMID: 18326165

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

MRI of testicular malignancies.
Tsili AC, Sofikitis N, Stiliara E, Argyropoulou MI
Abdom Radiol (NY) 2019 Mar;44(3):1070-1082. doi: 10.1007/s00261-018-1816-5. PMID: 30386879
Ultrasound of the scrotum.
Akin EA, Khati NJ, Hill MC
Ultrasound Q 2004 Dec;20(4):181-200. doi: 10.1097/00013644-200412000-00004. PMID: 15602220
Testicular cancer.
Kinkade S
Am Fam Physician 1999 May 1;59(9):2539-44, 2549-50. PMID: 10323360
Testicular neuroblastoma.
Kellie SJ, Waters KD
J Surg Oncol 1985 Jul;29(3):201-4. doi: 10.1002/jso.2930290315. PMID: 4079401
Polyorchidism.
Hancock RA, Hodgins TE
Urology 1984 Oct;24(4):303-7. doi: 10.1016/0090-4295(84)90196-1. PMID: 6385438

Diagnosis

MRI of testicular malignancies.
Tsili AC, Sofikitis N, Stiliara E, Argyropoulou MI
Abdom Radiol (NY) 2019 Mar;44(3):1070-1082. doi: 10.1007/s00261-018-1816-5. PMID: 30386879
Scrotal swelling in the neonate.
Basta AM, Courtier J, Phelps A, Copp HL, MacKenzie JD
J Ultrasound Med 2015 Mar;34(3):495-505. doi: 10.7863/ultra.34.3.495. PMID: 25715370Free PMC Article
Primary testicular lymphoma.
Ahmad SS, Idris SF, Follows GA, Williams MV
Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2012 Jun;24(5):358-65. Epub 2012 Mar 17 doi: 10.1016/j.clon.2012.02.005. PMID: 22424983
Ultrasound of the scrotum.
Akin EA, Khati NJ, Hill MC
Ultrasound Q 2004 Dec;20(4):181-200. doi: 10.1097/00013644-200412000-00004. PMID: 15602220
Testicular cancer.
Kinkade S
Am Fam Physician 1999 May 1;59(9):2539-44, 2549-50. PMID: 10323360

Therapy

Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor of the Testis.
Demir T, Aliyev A, Seker M, Ersoz C, Coban G, Turk HM
J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2021 Nov;31(11):1362-1365. doi: 10.29271/jcpsp.2021.11.1362. PMID: 34689500
Testicular choriocarcinoma: a rare variant that requires a unique treatment approach.
Reilley MJ, Pagliaro LC
Curr Oncol Rep 2015 Feb;17(2):2. doi: 10.1007/s11912-014-0430-0. PMID: 25645112
Granulocytic sarcoma of the testis.
Eggener SE, Abrahams A, Keeler TC
Urology 2004 Mar;63(3):584-5. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2003.10.059. PMID: 15028471
Testicular neuroblastoma.
Kellie SJ, Waters KD
J Surg Oncol 1985 Jul;29(3):201-4. doi: 10.1002/jso.2930290315. PMID: 4079401
Testicular sarcoidosis.
Opal SM, Pittman DL, Hofeldt FE
Am J Med 1979 Jul;67(1):147-50. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(79)90091-3. PMID: 463907

Prognosis

Testicular mass: do not forget filariasis.
Ho CC, Ideris N
Infection 2013 Aug;41(4):893-6. Epub 2013 Mar 8 doi: 10.1007/s15010-013-0443-x. PMID: 23471824
Diagnosis and treatment of testicular cancer.
Shaw J
Am Fam Physician 2008 Feb 15;77(4):469-74. PMID: 18326165
Testicular cancer.
Kinkade S
Am Fam Physician 1999 May 1;59(9):2539-44, 2549-50. PMID: 10323360
Adenocarcinoma of the rete testis.
Sánchez-Chapado M, Angulo JC, Haas GP
Urology 1995 Oct;46(4):468-75. doi: 10.1016/S0090-4295(99)80257-X. PMID: 7571213
Testicular neuroblastoma.
Kellie SJ, Waters KD
J Surg Oncol 1985 Jul;29(3):201-4. doi: 10.1002/jso.2930290315. PMID: 4079401

Clinical prediction guides

Radiological features characterising indeterminate testes masses: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Ager M, Donegan S, Boeri L, de Castro JM, Donaldson JF, Omar MI, Dimitropoulos K, Tharakan T, Janisch F, Muilwijk T, Yuan C, Tudur-Smith C, Nijman RJM, Radmayr C, Salonia A, Laguna Pes MP, Minhas S
BJU Int 2023 Mar;131(3):288-300. Epub 2022 Oct 9 doi: 10.1111/bju.15869. PMID: 35980855
MRI of testicular malignancies.
Tsili AC, Sofikitis N, Stiliara E, Argyropoulou MI
Abdom Radiol (NY) 2019 Mar;44(3):1070-1082. doi: 10.1007/s00261-018-1816-5. PMID: 30386879
Testicular microlithiasis: prevalence and association with primary testicular neoplasm.
Heller HT, Oliff MC, Doubilet PM, O'Leary MP, Benson CB
J Clin Ultrasound 2014 Sep;42(7):423-6. Epub 2014 Feb 28 doi: 10.1002/jcu.22144. PMID: 24585495
Testicular cancer.
Kinkade S
Am Fam Physician 1999 May 1;59(9):2539-44, 2549-50. PMID: 10323360
Adenocarcinoma of the rete testis.
Sánchez-Chapado M, Angulo JC, Haas GP
Urology 1995 Oct;46(4):468-75. doi: 10.1016/S0090-4295(99)80257-X. PMID: 7571213

Recent systematic reviews

What Is the Malignant Potential of Small (<2 cm), Nonpalpable Testicular Incidentalomas in Adults? A Systematic Review.
Bertolotto M, Campo I, Pavan N, Buoite Stella A, Cantisani V, Drudi FM, Cova MA, Derchi LE
Eur Urol Focus 2023 Mar;9(2):361-370. Epub 2022 Oct 17 doi: 10.1016/j.euf.2022.10.001. PMID: 36257887
Radiological features characterising indeterminate testes masses: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Ager M, Donegan S, Boeri L, de Castro JM, Donaldson JF, Omar MI, Dimitropoulos K, Tharakan T, Janisch F, Muilwijk T, Yuan C, Tudur-Smith C, Nijman RJM, Radmayr C, Salonia A, Laguna Pes MP, Minhas S
BJU Int 2023 Mar;131(3):288-300. Epub 2022 Oct 9 doi: 10.1111/bju.15869. PMID: 35980855
Testicular schistosomiasis: a systematic review of the literature.
Nazemi A, Persily J, Wysock JS
Can J Urol 2022 Dec;29(6):11366-11370. PMID: 36495578
Oncological and functional outcomes of testis sparing surgery in small testicular mass: a systematic review.
Favilla V, Cannarella R, Tumminaro A, DI Mauro D, Condorelli RA, LA Vignera S, Ficarra V, Cimino S, Calogero AE
Minerva Urol Nephrol 2021 Aug;73(4):431-441. Epub 2021 May 5 doi: 10.23736/S2724-6051.21.04330-5. PMID: 33949185
Testis-sparing surgery and scrotal violation for testicular masses suspicious for malignancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Patel HD, Gupta M, Cheaib JG, Sharma R, Zhang A, Bass EB, Pierorazio PM
Urol Oncol 2020 May;38(5):344-353. Epub 2020 Mar 17 doi: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2020.02.023. PMID: 32192891

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