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Early repolarization

MedGen UID:
744414
•Concept ID:
C1997354
•
Finding
Synonyms: Early Repolarization; Early Repolarization Pattern; Early Ventricular Repolarization
SNOMED CT: Early repolarization (428417006)

Definition

An electrocardiographic finding of J point and ST segment elevation in the absence of other signs of acute ischemia or pericarditis. (CDISC) [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVEarly repolarization

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Channelopathies, genetic testing and risk stratification.
Wilde AAM, Amin A
Int J Cardiol 2017 Jun 15;237:53-55. Epub 2017 Mar 18 doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.03.063. PMID: 28343764
Brugada syndrome: diagnosis, risk stratification, and management.
Adler A
Curr Opin Cardiol 2016 Jan;31(1):37-45. doi: 10.1097/HCO.0000000000000238. PMID: 26569084
ST-segment elevation: Differential diagnosis, caveats.
Hanna EB, Glancy DL
Cleve Clin J Med 2015 Jun;82(6):373-84. doi: 10.3949/ccjm.82a.14026. PMID: 26086496

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Exploring the Relationship Between Schizophrenia and Cardiovascular Disease: A Genetic Correlation and Multivariable Mendelian Randomization Study.
Veeneman RR, Vermeulen JM, Abdellaoui A, Sanderson E, Wootton RE, Tadros R, Bezzina CR, Denys D, Munafò MR, Verweij KJH, Treur JL
Schizophr Bull 2022 Mar 1;48(2):463-473. doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbab132. PMID: 34730178Free PMC Article
J-Wave Syndromes: Electrocardiographic and Clinical Aspects.
Priori SG, Napolitano C
Card Electrophysiol Clin 2018 Jun;10(2):355-369. doi: 10.1016/j.ccep.2018.02.009. PMID: 29784488
J-wave syndromes: Brugada and early repolarization syndromes.
Antzelevitch C, Yan GX
Heart Rhythm 2015 Aug;12(8):1852-66. Epub 2015 Apr 11 doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2015.04.014. PMID: 25869754Free PMC Article
Repolarization syndromes.
Bhatia A, Sra J, Akhtar M
Curr Probl Cardiol 2012 Aug;37(8):317-62. doi: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2012.03.004. PMID: 22749026
J wave syndromes.
Antzelevitch C, Yan GX
Heart Rhythm 2010 Apr;7(4):549-58. Epub 2009 Dec 11 doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2009.12.006. PMID: 20153265Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Purkinje-Related Ventricular Tachycardia and Ventricular Fibrillation: Solved and Unsolved Questions.
Nogami A, Komatsu Y, Talib AK, Phanthawimol W, Naeemah QJ, Haruna T, Morishima I
JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2023 Oct;9(10):2172-2196. Epub 2023 Jul 26 doi: 10.1016/j.jacep.2023.05.040. PMID: 37498247
Latent Causes of Sudden Cardiac Arrest.
Krahn AD, Tfelt-Hansen J, Tadros R, Steinberg C, Semsarian C, Han HC
JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2022 Jun;8(6):806-821. doi: 10.1016/j.jacep.2021.12.014. PMID: 35738861
Exploring the Relationship Between Schizophrenia and Cardiovascular Disease: A Genetic Correlation and Multivariable Mendelian Randomization Study.
Veeneman RR, Vermeulen JM, Abdellaoui A, Sanderson E, Wootton RE, Tadros R, Bezzina CR, Denys D, Munafò MR, Verweij KJH, Treur JL
Schizophr Bull 2022 Mar 1;48(2):463-473. doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbab132. PMID: 34730178Free PMC Article
Diagnostic and prognostic role of electrocardiogram in acute myocarditis: A comprehensive review.
Buttà C, Zappia L, Laterra G, Roberto M
Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2020 May;25(3) Epub 2019 Nov 28 doi: 10.1111/anec.12726. PMID: 31778001Free PMC Article
Repolarization syndromes.
Bhatia A, Sra J, Akhtar M
Curr Probl Cardiol 2012 Aug;37(8):317-62. doi: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2012.03.004. PMID: 22749026

Therapy

Exploring the Relationship Between Schizophrenia and Cardiovascular Disease: A Genetic Correlation and Multivariable Mendelian Randomization Study.
Veeneman RR, Vermeulen JM, Abdellaoui A, Sanderson E, Wootton RE, Tadros R, Bezzina CR, Denys D, Munafò MR, Verweij KJH, Treur JL
Schizophr Bull 2022 Mar 1;48(2):463-473. doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbab132. PMID: 34730178Free PMC Article
Is Exercise Helpful or Harmful in Dealing With Specific Arrhythmia.
El Masri I, Kayali SM, Blount C, Kirolos I, Khouzam JP, Kabra R
Curr Probl Cardiol 2021 Mar;46(3):100740. Epub 2020 Nov 2 doi: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2020.100740. PMID: 33213943
Heart failure as a substrate and trigger for ventricular tachycardia.
Alvarez CK, Cronin E, Baker WL, Kluger J
J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2019 Dec;56(3):229-247. Epub 2019 Oct 9 doi: 10.1007/s10840-019-00623-x. PMID: 31598875
Clinical aspects of inherited J-wave syndromes.
Huikuri HV, Juhani Junttila M
Trends Cardiovasc Med 2015 Jan;25(1):24-30. Epub 2014 Sep 6 doi: 10.1016/j.tcm.2014.08.008. PMID: 25442737
A practical guide to early repolarization.
Adler A, Gollob MH
Curr Opin Cardiol 2015 Jan;30(1):8-16. doi: 10.1097/HCO.0000000000000126. PMID: 25389652

Prognosis

Outcome of patients with early repolarization pattern and syncope.
Kamakura T, Gourraud JB, Clementy N, Maury P, Mansourati J, Klug D, Da Costa A, Pasquie JL, Mabo P, Chavernac P, Laurent G, Defaye P, Laborderie J, Leenhardt A, Sadoul N, Deharo JC, Giraudeau C, Quentin A, Jesel L, Thollet A, Tixier R, Derval N, Haissaguerre M, Probst V, Sacher F
Heart Rhythm 2022 Aug;19(8):1306-1314. Epub 2022 Apr 5 doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2022.03.1233. PMID: 35395407
Diagnostic and prognostic role of electrocardiogram in acute myocarditis: A comprehensive review.
Buttà C, Zappia L, Laterra G, Roberto M
Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2020 May;25(3) Epub 2019 Nov 28 doi: 10.1111/anec.12726. PMID: 31778001Free PMC Article
J-Wave Syndromes: Electrocardiographic and Clinical Aspects.
Priori SG, Napolitano C
Card Electrophysiol Clin 2018 Jun;10(2):355-369. doi: 10.1016/j.ccep.2018.02.009. PMID: 29784488
Channelopathies, genetic testing and risk stratification.
Wilde AAM, Amin A
Int J Cardiol 2017 Jun 15;237:53-55. Epub 2017 Mar 18 doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.03.063. PMID: 28343764
A practical guide to early repolarization.
Adler A, Gollob MH
Curr Opin Cardiol 2015 Jan;30(1):8-16. doi: 10.1097/HCO.0000000000000126. PMID: 25389652

Clinical prediction guides

Outcome of patients with early repolarization pattern and syncope.
Kamakura T, Gourraud JB, Clementy N, Maury P, Mansourati J, Klug D, Da Costa A, Pasquie JL, Mabo P, Chavernac P, Laurent G, Defaye P, Laborderie J, Leenhardt A, Sadoul N, Deharo JC, Giraudeau C, Quentin A, Jesel L, Thollet A, Tixier R, Derval N, Haissaguerre M, Probst V, Sacher F
Heart Rhythm 2022 Aug;19(8):1306-1314. Epub 2022 Apr 5 doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2022.03.1233. PMID: 35395407
Two siblings with early repolarization syndrome: clinical and genetic characterization by whole-exome sequencing.
Steinfurt J, Bezzina CR, Biermann J, Staudacher D, Marschall C, Trolese L, Faber TS, Duerschmied D, Zehender M, Bode C, Wilde AAM, Odening KE, Lodder EM
Europace 2021 May 21;23(5):775-780. doi: 10.1093/europace/euaa357. PMID: 33324992Free PMC Article
Channelopathies, genetic testing and risk stratification.
Wilde AAM, Amin A
Int J Cardiol 2017 Jun 15;237:53-55. Epub 2017 Mar 18 doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.03.063. PMID: 28343764
Early repolarization syndrome: electrocardiographic signs and clinical implications.
Rezus C, Floria M, Moga VD, Sirbu O, Dima N, Ionescu SD, Ambarus V
Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2014 Jan;19(1):15-22. Epub 2013 Sep 30 doi: 10.1111/anec.12113. PMID: 24118137Free PMC Article
"Benign" early repolarization versus malignant early abnormalities: clinical-electrocardiographic distinction and genetic basis.
Pérez-Riera AR, Abreu LC, Yanowitz F, Barros RB, Femenía F, McIntyre WF, Baranchuk A
Cardiol J 2012;19(4):337-46. doi: 10.5603/cj.2012.0063. PMID: 22825893

Recent systematic reviews

Cardiac ventricular false tendons: A meta-analysis.
Carrasco M, Cabrito TMS, Montalbano MJ, Hołda MK, Walocha J, Tubbs RS, Loukas M
Clin Anat 2024 Jan;37(1):114-129. Epub 2023 Oct 11 doi: 10.1002/ca.24116. PMID: 37819143
Investigation of High-Risk Electrocardiographic Markers as Predictors of Major Arrhythmic Events in Brugada Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Achmad C, Kamarullah W, Putra ICS, Firmansyah DK, Iqbal M, Karwiky G, Pramudyo M, Martha JW, Akbar MR
Curr Probl Cardiol 2023 Aug;48(8):101727. Epub 2023 Mar 28 doi: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.101727. PMID: 36997139
Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator in patients with inherited arrhythmia syndromes: A systematic review.
Medeiros P, Santos M, Arantes C, Pereira VH, Rocha S
Heart Lung 2023 Jul-Aug;60:1-7. Epub 2023 Feb 28 doi: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2023.02.012. PMID: 36863123
Association of early repolarization pattern and ventricular fibrillation in patients with vasospastic angina: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Wang G, Zhao N, Zhong S, Wang H
Clin Cardiol 2022 May;45(5):461-473. Epub 2022 Mar 7 doi: 10.1002/clc.23804. PMID: 35253242Free PMC Article
Worldwide prevalence of early repolarization pattern in general population and physically active individuals: A meta-analysis.
Ji HY, Hu N, Liu R, Zhou HR, Gao WL, Quan XQ
Medicine (Baltimore) 2021 Jun 4;100(22):e25978. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000025978. PMID: 34087840Free PMC Article

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