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EMG: myokymic discharges

MedGen UID:
867776
•Concept ID:
C4022166
•
Finding
HPO: HP:0100288

Definition

The presence of spontaneous bursts of rapidly firing potentials that recur at regular intervals of 2-10 per second and are unaffected by voluntary effort. This is an electromyographic (EMG) finding. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVEMG: myokymic discharges

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Systematic Review of the Clinical Characteristics and Management of Isaac Syndrome.
Al-Chalabi M, Hegde P, Moore SR, Abouainain Y, Keener M, Parvez H, Eid J, Saleem S, Sheikh A
J Clin Neuromuscul Dis 2023 Dec 1;25(2):94-106. doi: 10.1097/CND.0000000000000460. PMID: 37962197
Neuromuscular complications of cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Falah M, Schiff D, Burns TM
J Support Oncol 2005 Jul-Aug;3(4):271-82. PMID: 16092597

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Distinct phenotypes in a cohort of anti-CASPR2 associated neurological syndromes.
Moura J, Samões R, Cardoso M, Sousa AP, Damásio J, Marinho A, Carneiro P, Neves E, Silva AM, Santos E
Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2023 Nov;234:107994. Epub 2023 Sep 30 doi: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2023.107994. PMID: 37797365
Quantitative analysis of myokymic discharges in radiation versus nonradiation cases.
Oishi T, Ryan CS, Vazquez Do Campo R, Laughlin RS, Rubin DI
Muscle Nerve 2021 Jun;63(6):861-867. Epub 2021 Mar 24 doi: 10.1002/mus.27219. PMID: 33675544
Myokymic discharges in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS): a rare electrophysiologic finding?
Whaley NR, Rubin DI
Muscle Nerve 2010 Jan;41(1):107-9. doi: 10.1002/mus.21540. PMID: 20014246
Phenotypic variants of autoimmune peripheral nerve hyperexcitability.
Hart IK, Maddison P, Newsom-Davis J, Vincent A, Mills KR
Brain 2002 Aug;125(Pt 8):1887-95. doi: 10.1093/brain/awf178. PMID: 12135978
Fasciculation-myokymic activity and prolonged nerve conduction block. A physiopathological relationship in radiation-induced brachial plexopathy.
Esteban A, Traba A
Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1993 Dec;89(6):382-91. doi: 10.1016/0168-5597(93)90111-2. PMID: 7507424

Diagnosis

Quantitative analysis of myokymic discharges in radiation versus nonradiation cases.
Oishi T, Ryan CS, Vazquez Do Campo R, Laughlin RS, Rubin DI
Muscle Nerve 2021 Jun;63(6):861-867. Epub 2021 Mar 24 doi: 10.1002/mus.27219. PMID: 33675544
Normal and abnormal spontaneous activity.
Rubin DI
Handb Clin Neurol 2019;160:257-279. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-64032-1.00017-5. PMID: 31277853
Peripheral nerve hyperexcitability syndromes.
Küçükali CI, Kürtüncü M, Akçay Hİ, Tüzün E, Öge AE
Rev Neurosci 2015;26(2):239-51. doi: 10.1515/revneuro-2014-0066. PMID: 25719304
Facial nerve palsy and hemifacial spasm.
Valls-Solé J
Handb Clin Neurol 2013;115:367-80. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-52902-2.00020-5. PMID: 23931790
Limb myokymia.
Albers JW, Allen AA 2nd, Bastron JA, Daube JR
Muscle Nerve 1981 Nov-Dec;4(6):494-504. doi: 10.1002/mus.880040606. PMID: 7311989

Therapy

Systematic Review of the Clinical Characteristics and Management of Isaac Syndrome.
Al-Chalabi M, Hegde P, Moore SR, Abouainain Y, Keener M, Parvez H, Eid J, Saleem S, Sheikh A
J Clin Neuromuscul Dis 2023 Dec 1;25(2):94-106. doi: 10.1097/CND.0000000000000460. PMID: 37962197
Clinical and electromyographic features of radiation-induced lower cranial neuropathy.
Shin HY, Park HJ, Choi YC, Kim SM
Clin Neurophysiol 2013 Mar;124(3):598-602. Epub 2012 Sep 26 doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2012.08.013. PMID: 23022037
Peripheral (limb) myokymic discharges in motor neuron disease.
Rauf J, Akhtar J, Khealani BA, Ali L
BMJ Case Rep 2012 Jul 30;2012 doi: 10.1136/bcr-2012-006399. PMID: 22850564Free PMC Article
Electrodiagnostic findings in syringomyelia.
Nogués MA, Stålberg E
Muscle Nerve 1999 Dec;22(12):1653-9. PMID: 10567077
Fasciculation-myokymic activity and prolonged nerve conduction block. A physiopathological relationship in radiation-induced brachial plexopathy.
Esteban A, Traba A
Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1993 Dec;89(6):382-91. doi: 10.1016/0168-5597(93)90111-2. PMID: 7507424

Prognosis

Distinct phenotypes in a cohort of anti-CASPR2 associated neurological syndromes.
Moura J, Samões R, Cardoso M, Sousa AP, Damásio J, Marinho A, Carneiro P, Neves E, Silva AM, Santos E
Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2023 Nov;234:107994. Epub 2023 Sep 30 doi: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2023.107994. PMID: 37797365
Myasthenia gravis coexisting with HINT1-related motor axonal neuropathy without neuromyotonia: a case report.
Fang J, Huang H, Lei Q, Luo Y, Tang Z, Shi X, Tang JG
BMC Neurol 2022 May 3;22(1):168. doi: 10.1186/s12883-022-02690-6. PMID: 35501818Free PMC Article
Normal and abnormal spontaneous activity.
Rubin DI
Handb Clin Neurol 2019;160:257-279. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-64032-1.00017-5. PMID: 31277853
Facial nerve palsy and hemifacial spasm.
Valls-Solé J
Handb Clin Neurol 2013;115:367-80. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-52902-2.00020-5. PMID: 23931790
Myokymic discharges in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS): a rare electrophysiologic finding?
Whaley NR, Rubin DI
Muscle Nerve 2010 Jan;41(1):107-9. doi: 10.1002/mus.21540. PMID: 20014246

Clinical prediction guides

Hyperexcitability of the facial nerve in tuberculous meningitis.
Aiguabella M, Gascón-Bayarri J, Montero J, Santín M, Peña C
Acta Neurol Belg 2011 Sep;111(3):245-8. PMID: 22141294
Myokymic discharges and enhanced facial nerve reflex responses after recovery from idiopathic facial palsy.
Valls-Sole J, Tolosa ES, Pujol M
Muscle Nerve 1992 Jan;15(1):37-42. doi: 10.1002/mus.880150107. PMID: 1732759
Myokymic discharges: prompt cessation following nerve root decompression during spine surgery.
Calancie B, Ayyar DR, Eismont FJ
Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol 1992 Sep;32(9):443-7. PMID: 1396296
Distinction between neoplastic and radiation-induced brachial plexopathy, with emphasis on the role of EMG.
Harper CM Jr, Thomas JE, Cascino TL, Litchy WJ
Neurology 1989 Apr;39(4):502-6. doi: 10.1212/wnl.39.4.502. PMID: 2538777
Myokymia in the course of Bell's palsy. An electromyographic study.
Bettoni L, Bortone E, Ghizzoni P, Lechi A
J Neurol Sci 1988 Mar;84(1):69-76. doi: 10.1016/0022-510x(88)90175-x. PMID: 3367153

Recent systematic reviews

Systematic Review of the Clinical Characteristics and Management of Isaac Syndrome.
Al-Chalabi M, Hegde P, Moore SR, Abouainain Y, Keener M, Parvez H, Eid J, Saleem S, Sheikh A
J Clin Neuromuscul Dis 2023 Dec 1;25(2):94-106. doi: 10.1097/CND.0000000000000460. PMID: 37962197

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