U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Abnormality of the calcaneus

MedGen UID:
870251
•Concept ID:
C4024689
•
Anatomical Abnormality
Synonym: Abnormal heel bone
 
HPO: HP:0008364

Definition

An abnormality of the calcaneus, also known as the heel bone, one of the or heel bone, one of the components of the tarsus of the foot which make up the heel. [from HPO]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

The Heel Complex: Anatomy, Imaging, Pathologic Conditions, and Treatment.
Flores DV, Goes PK, Damer A, Huang BK
Radiographics 2024 Apr;44(4):e230163. doi: 10.1148/rg.230163. PMID: 38512730
Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of congenital vertical talus.
Xiu Y, Wang Y, He F, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Sun W, Wang B, Chen L
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2023 Dec;36(1):2192323. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2023.2192323. PMID: 36948222
Management of Müller-Weiss Disease.
Monteagudo M, Maceira E
Foot Ankle Clin 2019 Mar;24(1):89-105. doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2018.09.006. PMID: 30685016

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

An Update on Pediatric Flatfoot.
Madden CM, Mahan KT
Clin Podiatr Med Surg 2023 Apr;40(2):365-379. Epub 2022 Dec 28 doi: 10.1016/j.cpm.2022.11.006. PMID: 36841586
Medical imaging for plantar heel pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Drake C, Whittaker GA, Kaminski MR, Chen J, Keenan AM, Rathleff MS, Robinson P, Landorf KB
J Foot Ankle Res 2022 Jan 22;15(1):4. doi: 10.1186/s13047-021-00507-2. PMID: 35065676Free PMC Article
The effect of short foot exercise using visual feedback on the balance and accuracy of knee joint movement in subjects with flexible flatfoot.
Kim JS, Lee MY
Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 Mar;99(13):e19260. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000019260. PMID: 32221061Free PMC Article
Apophysitis and Osteochondrosis: Common Causes of Pain in Growing Bones.
Achar S, Yamanaka J
Am Fam Physician 2019 May 15;99(10):610-618. PMID: 31083875
The Undercorrected Flatfoot Reconstruction.
Hunt KJ, Farmer RP
Foot Ankle Clin 2017 Sep;22(3):613-624. Epub 2017 Jun 3 doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2017.04.003. PMID: 28779811

Diagnosis

Medical imaging for plantar heel pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Drake C, Whittaker GA, Kaminski MR, Chen J, Keenan AM, Rathleff MS, Robinson P, Landorf KB
J Foot Ankle Res 2022 Jan 22;15(1):4. doi: 10.1186/s13047-021-00507-2. PMID: 35065676Free PMC Article
Tarsal coalition.
Soni JF, Valenza W, Matsunaga C
Curr Opin Pediatr 2020 Feb;32(1):93-99. doi: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000000858. PMID: 31789975
Apophysitis and Osteochondrosis: Common Causes of Pain in Growing Bones.
Achar S, Yamanaka J
Am Fam Physician 2019 May 15;99(10):610-618. PMID: 31083875
Management of Müller-Weiss Disease.
Monteagudo M, Maceira E
Foot Ankle Clin 2019 Mar;24(1):89-105. doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2018.09.006. PMID: 30685016
Gastrocnemius recession.
Anderson JG, Bohay DR, Eller EB, Witt BL
Foot Ankle Clin 2014 Dec;19(4):767-86. Epub 2014 Nov 25 doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2014.09.001. PMID: 25456721

Therapy

The effect of short foot exercise using visual feedback on the balance and accuracy of knee joint movement in subjects with flexible flatfoot.
Kim JS, Lee MY
Medicine (Baltimore) 2020 Mar;99(13):e19260. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000019260. PMID: 32221061Free PMC Article
Pediatric Flatfoot: Pearls and Pitfalls.
Ford SE, Scannell BP
Foot Ankle Clin 2017 Sep;22(3):643-656. Epub 2017 Jun 3 doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2017.04.008. PMID: 28779814
Evans Osteotomy Complications.
Jara ME
Foot Ankle Clin 2017 Sep;22(3):573-585. Epub 2017 Jun 13 doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2017.04.006. PMID: 28779808
Calcaneal Osteotomies: Pearls and Pitfalls.
Greenfield S, Cohen B
Foot Ankle Clin 2017 Sep;22(3):563-571. Epub 2017 Jun 9 doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2017.04.011. PMID: 28779807
Minimally Invasive Osteotomies of the Calcaneus.
Guyton GP
Foot Ankle Clin 2016 Sep;21(3):551-66. doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2016.04.007. PMID: 27524705

Prognosis

Use of Calcaneal Osteotomies in the Correction of Inframalleolar Cavovarus Deformity.
Wolfe JR, McKee TD, Nicholes M
Clin Podiatr Med Surg 2021 Jul;38(3):379-389. doi: 10.1016/j.cpm.2021.03.002. PMID: 34053650
The role of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of talocalcaneal coalitions.
Wang T, Qi H, Rong K, Zhang S, Bao S, Cheng T, Teng J
Acta Radiol 2021 Jul;62(7):897-903. Epub 2020 Aug 5 doi: 10.1177/0284185120944911. PMID: 32757638
Talus Secundarius: Case Series.
Rammelt S, Manke E, Prescher A
Foot Ankle Int 2020 May;41(5):596-604. Epub 2020 Jan 28 doi: 10.1177/1071100720903298. PMID: 31989844
Overcorrected Flatfoot Reconstruction.
Irwin TA
Foot Ankle Clin 2017 Sep;22(3):597-611. Epub 2017 Jun 3 doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2017.04.004. PMID: 28779810
Lateral column lengthening osteotomies.
Roche AJ, Calder JD
Foot Ankle Clin 2012 Jun;17(2):259-70. doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2012.03.005. PMID: 22541524

Clinical prediction guides

Medical imaging for plantar heel pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Drake C, Whittaker GA, Kaminski MR, Chen J, Keenan AM, Rathleff MS, Robinson P, Landorf KB
J Foot Ankle Res 2022 Jan 22;15(1):4. doi: 10.1186/s13047-021-00507-2. PMID: 35065676Free PMC Article
The role of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of talocalcaneal coalitions.
Wang T, Qi H, Rong K, Zhang S, Bao S, Cheng T, Teng J
Acta Radiol 2021 Jul;62(7):897-903. Epub 2020 Aug 5 doi: 10.1177/0284185120944911. PMID: 32757638
Reliability of the talocalcaneal angle for the evaluation of hindfoot alignment.
Masquijo JJ, Tourn D, Torres-Gomez A
Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol (Engl Ed) 2019 Jan-Feb;63(1):20-23. Epub 2018 Dec 3 doi: 10.1016/j.recot.2018.08.003. PMID: 30522960
Talocalcaneal Coalitions.
Murphy JS, Mubarak SJ
Foot Ankle Clin 2015 Dec;20(4):681-91. Epub 2015 Oct 23 doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2015.07.009. PMID: 26589086
Pediatric calcaneal fractures.
Mora S, Thordarson DB, Zionts LE, Reynolds RA
Foot Ankle Int 2001 Jun;22(6):471-7. doi: 10.1177/107110070102200603. PMID: 11475453

Recent systematic reviews

Medical imaging for plantar heel pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Drake C, Whittaker GA, Kaminski MR, Chen J, Keenan AM, Rathleff MS, Robinson P, Landorf KB
J Foot Ankle Res 2022 Jan 22;15(1):4. doi: 10.1186/s13047-021-00507-2. PMID: 35065676Free PMC Article
Tarsal coalition: Systematic review of arthroscopic management.
Addar A, Marwan Y, Algarni N, Algarni N, Berry GK, Benaroch T
Foot (Edinb) 2021 Dec;49:101864. Epub 2021 Sep 22 doi: 10.1016/j.foot.2021.101864. PMID: 34597922
Lateral Fracture-Dislocation of the Calcaneus: Case Reports and a Systematic Review.
Zhang C, Ye ZM, Lin P, Miao XD
Orthop Surg 2021 May;13(3):682-691. Epub 2021 Mar 7 doi: 10.1111/os.12913. PMID: 33682359Free PMC Article
The Effect of Gastrocnemius Recession and Tendo-Achilles Lengthening on Adult Acquired Flatfoot Deformity Surgery: A Systematic Review.
Chang SH, Abdelatif NMN, Netto CC, Hagemeijer NC, Guss D, DiGiovanni CW
J Foot Ankle Surg 2020 Nov-Dec;59(6):1248-1253. Epub 2020 Aug 20 doi: 10.1053/j.jfas.2020.03.016. PMID: 32828633
Incidence of nonunion of the unfixated, isolated evans calcaneal osteotomy: a systematic review.
Prissel MA, Roukis TS
J Foot Ankle Surg 2012 May-Jun;51(3):323-5. Epub 2012 Feb 1 doi: 10.1053/j.jfas.2012.01.003. PMID: 22300686

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Clinical resources

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Consumer resources

    Reviews

    Related information

    • PMC Articles
      Related information in PubMed Central Links
    • PubMed
      Related literature resources in PubMed

    Recent activity

    Clear Turn Off Turn On

    Your browsing activity is empty.

    Activity recording is turned off.

    Turn recording back on

    See more...