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Viral esophagitis

MedGen UID:
87414
•Concept ID:
C0341110
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Viral Esophagitis; viral esophagitis; Viruses caused esophagitis (disease); Viruses esophagitis (disease)
SNOMED CT: Viral esophagitis (235603003)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0003846

Definition

Viral infection of the esophagus. It often occurs in immunocompromised patients and it is caused by cytomegalovirus or herpes simplex virus. Symptoms include pain on swallowing, fever, and retrosternal burning. [from NCI]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Opportunistic infections of the esophagus not responding to oral systemic antifungals in patients with AIDS: their frequency and treatment.
Parente F, Cernuschi M, Rizzardini G, Lazzarin A, Valsecchi L, Bianchi Porro G
Am J Gastroenterol 1991 Dec;86(12):1729-34. PMID: 1962617

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Prospective comparison of brush cytology, viral culture, and histology for the diagnosis of ulcerative esophagitis in AIDS.
Wilcox CM, Rodgers W, Lazenby A
Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2004 Jul;2(7):564-7. doi: 10.1016/s1542-3565(04)00239-3. PMID: 15224280
Prospective evaluation of biopsy number for the diagnosis of viral esophagitis in patients with HIV infection and esophageal ulcer.
Wilcox CM, Straub RF, Schwartz DA
Gastrointest Endosc 1996 Nov;44(5):587-93. doi: 10.1016/s0016-5107(96)70014-7. PMID: 8934167
The causes of esophageal symptoms in human immunodeficiency virus infection. A prospective study of 110 patients.
Bonacini M, Young T, Laine L
Arch Intern Med 1991 Aug;151(8):1567-72. PMID: 1651690
Infectious esophagitis following liver and renal transplantation.
Alexander JA, Brouillette DE, Chien MC, Yoo YK, Tarter RE, Gavaler JS, Van Thiel DH
Dig Dis Sci 1988 Sep;33(9):1121-6. doi: 10.1007/BF01535788. PMID: 2842120
Opportunistic esophagitis in AIDS: radiographic diagnosis.
Levine MS, Woldenberg R, Herlinger H, Laufer I
Radiology 1987 Dec;165(3):815-20. doi: 10.1148/radiology.165.3.2825235. PMID: 2825235

Diagnosis

Endoscopic tissue sampling - Part 1: Upper gastrointestinal and hepatopancreatobiliary tracts. European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Guideline.
Pouw RE, Barret M, Biermann K, Bisschops R, Czakó L, Gecse KB, de Hertogh G, Hucl T, Iacucci M, Jansen M, Rutter M, Savarino E, Spaander MCW, Schmidt PT, Vieth M, Dinis-Ribeiro M, van Hooft JE
Endoscopy 2021 Nov;53(11):1174-1188. Epub 2021 Sep 17 doi: 10.1055/a-1611-5091. PMID: 34535035
Clinical and Histopathologic Features Can Help Target Immunohistochemical Stain Use in the Diagnosis of Viral Esophagitis.
Desai N, Albahra S, Lucas E, Singal AG, Hammer STG, Gopal P
Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2021 Nov-Dec 01;29(10):713-719. doi: 10.1097/PAI.0000000000000962. PMID: 34369420
Prospective comparison of brush cytology, viral culture, and histology for the diagnosis of ulcerative esophagitis in AIDS.
Wilcox CM, Rodgers W, Lazenby A
Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2004 Jul;2(7):564-7. doi: 10.1016/s1542-3565(04)00239-3. PMID: 15224280
The value of endoscopy and endosonography in the diagnosis of the dysphagic patient.
Lorenz R, Jorysz G, Classen M
Dysphagia 1993;8(2):91-7. doi: 10.1007/BF02266987. PMID: 8467731
Herpes esophagitis: sensitivity of double-contrast esophagography.
Levine MS, Loevner LA, Saul SH, Rubesin SE, Herlinger H, Laufer I
AJR Am J Roentgenol 1988 Jul;151(1):57-62. doi: 10.2214/ajr.151.1.57. PMID: 3259822

Therapy

Clinical and Histopathologic Features Can Help Target Immunohistochemical Stain Use in the Diagnosis of Viral Esophagitis.
Desai N, Albahra S, Lucas E, Singal AG, Hammer STG, Gopal P
Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2021 Nov-Dec 01;29(10):713-719. doi: 10.1097/PAI.0000000000000962. PMID: 34369420
Esophageal involvement by extranodal natural killer T cell lymphoma, nasal type, mimicking Ebstein Barr viral esophagitis in a tonsillar lymphoma patient undergoing chemoradiation therapy.
Lee SR, Park EK, Won NH, Kim BS
Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2010 Sep;6(3):149-54. doi: 10.1111/j.1743-7563.2010.01314.x. PMID: 20887494
Prospective comparison of brush cytology, viral culture, and histology for the diagnosis of ulcerative esophagitis in AIDS.
Wilcox CM, Rodgers W, Lazenby A
Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2004 Jul;2(7):564-7. doi: 10.1016/s1542-3565(04)00239-3. PMID: 15224280
Symptom-specific use of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients yields high dividends.
Bashir RM, Wilcox CM
J Clin Gastroenterol 1996 Dec;23(4):292-8. doi: 10.1097/00004836-199612000-00011. PMID: 8957733
Opportunistic infections of the esophagus not responding to oral systemic antifungals in patients with AIDS: their frequency and treatment.
Parente F, Cernuschi M, Rizzardini G, Lazzarin A, Valsecchi L, Bianchi Porro G
Am J Gastroenterol 1991 Dec;86(12):1729-34. PMID: 1962617

Prognosis

Prospective comparison of brush cytology, viral culture, and histology for the diagnosis of ulcerative esophagitis in AIDS.
Wilcox CM, Rodgers W, Lazenby A
Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2004 Jul;2(7):564-7. doi: 10.1016/s1542-3565(04)00239-3. PMID: 15224280
Histopathology of human immunodeficiency virus-associated esophageal disease.
Bonacini M, Young T, Laine L
Am J Gastroenterol 1993 Apr;88(4):549-51. PMID: 8204115
The causes of esophageal symptoms in human immunodeficiency virus infection. A prospective study of 110 patients.
Bonacini M, Young T, Laine L
Arch Intern Med 1991 Aug;151(8):1567-72. PMID: 1651690

Clinical prediction guides

Aberrant esophageal HLA-DR expression in a high percentage of patients with Crohn's disease.
Oberhuber G, Püspök A, Peck-Radosavlevic M, Kutilek M, Lamprecht A, Chott A, Vogelsang H, Stolte M
Am J Surg Pathol 1999 Aug;23(8):970-6. doi: 10.1097/00000478-199908000-00016. PMID: 10435568
Barium studies in patients with Candida esophagitis: pseudoulcerations simulating viral esophagitis.
Glick SN
AJR Am J Roentgenol 1994 Aug;163(2):349-52. doi: 10.2214/ajr.163.2.8037028. PMID: 8037028
Histopathology of human immunodeficiency virus-associated esophageal disease.
Bonacini M, Young T, Laine L
Am J Gastroenterol 1993 Apr;88(4):549-51. PMID: 8204115
The causes of esophageal symptoms in human immunodeficiency virus infection. A prospective study of 110 patients.
Bonacini M, Young T, Laine L
Arch Intern Med 1991 Aug;151(8):1567-72. PMID: 1651690

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