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Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, demyelinating, IIA 1H(HNARMD; CMT1H)

MedGen UID:
1804752
Concept ID:
C5676926
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, demyelinating, type 1H; CHARCOT-MARIE-TOOTH NEUROPATHY, TYPE 1H; HEREDITARY MOTOR AND SENSORY NEUROPATHY, IH; NEUROPATHY, HEREDITARY, WITH OR WITHOUT AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION
 
Gene (location): FBLN5 (14q32.12)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0030689
OMIM®: 619764

Definition

Demyelinating Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease-1H (CMT1H) is an autosomal dominant peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy with onset usually in adulthood (third to fifth decades). Affected individuals present with foot deformities, upper or lower limb sensory disturbances, and motor deficits, mainly impaired gait. Of note, many patients complain of unpleasant sensory sensations in the upper extremities and hands. The disorder is slowly progressive and becomes more apparent with age, although patients usually remain ambulatory. Other features include hypo- or areflexia, limb muscle weakness, and impaired gait. Electrophysiologic studies are consistent with a demyelinating polyneuropathy. Rare patients may have hyperelastic skin or develop age-related macular degeneration (summary by Auer-Grumbach et al., 2011 and Safka Brozkova et al., 2020) For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1, see CMT1B (118200). [from OMIM]

Clinical features

From HPO
Absent patellar reflexes
MedGen UID:
643630
Concept ID:
C0558844
Finding
Absence of the knee jerk reflex, which can normally be elicited by tapping the patellar tendon with a reflex hammer just below the patella.
Distal lower limb muscle weakness
MedGen UID:
324514
Concept ID:
C1836450
Finding
Reduced strength of the distal musculature of the legs.
Distal upper limb muscle weakness
MedGen UID:
461970
Concept ID:
C3150620
Finding
Reduced strength of the distal musculature of the arms.
Distal sensory impairment
MedGen UID:
335722
Concept ID:
C1847584
Finding
An abnormal reduction in sensation in the distal portions of the extremities.
Distal lower limb amyotrophy
MedGen UID:
324515
Concept ID:
C1836451
Disease or Syndrome
Muscular atrophy of distal leg muscles.
Distal upper limb amyotrophy
MedGen UID:
867223
Concept ID:
C4021581
Disease or Syndrome
Muscular atrophy of distal arm muscles.
Hyperextensible skin
MedGen UID:
66023
Concept ID:
C0241074
Finding
A condition in which the skin can be stretched beyond normal, and then returns to its initial position.
Macular degeneration
MedGen UID:
7434
Concept ID:
C0024437
Disease or Syndrome
A nonspecific term denoting degeneration of the retinal pigment epithelium and/or retinal photoreceptor cells of the macula lutea.

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