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CRY2 cryptochrome circadian regulator 2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 1408, updated on 4-Jan-2025

Summary

Official Symbol
CRY2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
cryptochrome circadian regulator 2provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:2385
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000121671 MIM:603732; AllianceGenome:HGNC:2385
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
HCRY2; PHLL2
Summary
This gene encodes a flavin adenine dinucleotide-binding protein that is a key component of the circadian core oscillator complex, which regulates the circadian clock. This gene is upregulated by CLOCK/ARNTL heterodimers but then represses this upregulation in a feedback loop using PER/CRY heterodimers to interact with CLOCK/ARNTL. Polymorphisms in this gene have been associated with altered sleep patterns. The encoded protein is widely conserved across plants and animals. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2014]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in heart (RPKM 24.1), brain (RPKM 22.3) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

See CRY2 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
11p11.2
Exon count:
13
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 11 NC_000011.10 (45847118..45883244)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 11 NC_060935.1 (46003044..46039180)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 11 NC_000011.9 (45868669..45904795)

Chromosome 11 - NC_000011.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:45792675-45793176 Neighboring gene long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 2716 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 4665 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 3287 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 3288 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 4666 Neighboring gene solute carrier family 35 member C1 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 4667 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 4668 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 4669 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:45869217-45869738 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 9087 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 4671 Neighboring gene BRD4-independent group 4 enhancer GRCh37_chr11:45880664-45881863 Neighboring gene CDK7 strongly-dependent group 2 enhancer GRCh37_chr11:45882374-45883573 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:45887051-45887552 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 3290 Neighboring gene mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 interacting protein 1 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:45917073-45917944 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:45917945-45918814 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124902668 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 31 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 10000 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:45927125-45927626 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr11:45927627-45928126 Neighboring gene Frey regulator of sperm-oocyte fusion 1

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Expression

  • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
  • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
  • BioProject: PRJNA270632
  • Publication: PMID 26076956
  • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Bibliography

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Phenotypes

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
A genome-wide approach accounting for body mass index identifies genetic variants influencing fasting glycemic traits and insulin resistance.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genome-wide association for abdominal subcutaneous and visceral adipose reveals a novel locus for visceral fat in women.
EBI GWAS Catalog
New genetic loci implicated in fasting glucose homeostasis and their impact on type 2 diabetes risk.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Nine loci for ocular axial length identified through genome-wide association studies, including shared loci with refractive error.
EBI GWAS Catalog

Pathways from PubChem

Interactions

General gene information

Clone Names

  • FLJ10332, KIAA0658

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
NOT enables DNA (6-4) photolyase activity PubMed 
enables DNA binding  
enables DNA binding PubMed 
enables FAD binding  
enables FAD binding  
enables blue light photoreceptor activity PubMed 
enables damaged DNA binding PubMed 
NOT enables deoxyribodipyrimidine photo-lyase activity PubMed 
enables nuclear receptor binding  
enables phosphatase binding PubMed 
enables protein binding PubMed 
enables protein kinase binding  
enables protein phosphatase inhibitor activity PubMed 
enables single-stranded DNA binding PubMed 
enables transcription cis-regulatory region binding  
Items 1 - 25 of 26
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in blue light signaling pathway PubMed 
involved_in circadian regulation of gene expression  
involved_in circadian regulation of gene expression  
involved_in circadian regulation of gene expression PubMed 
involved_in circadian rhythm  
involved_in entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiod  
involved_in entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiod  
involved_in glucose homeostasis  
involved_in lipid storage  
involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription  
involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription  
involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription  
involved_in negative regulation of circadian rhythm  
involved_in negative regulation of circadian rhythm PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathway  
involved_in negative regulation of glucocorticoid secretion  
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II PubMed 
NOT involved_in photoreactive repair PubMed 
involved_in protein import into nucleus  
involved_in regulation of circadian rhythm  
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of sodium-dependent phosphate transport PubMed 
involved_in response to activity  
involved_in response to insulin  
involved_in response to light stimulus PubMed 
involved_in response to light stimulus  
Items 1 - 25 of 26
Component Evidence Code Pubs
part_of Cry-Per complex  
is_active_in cytoplasm  
located_in cytosol  
located_in extracellular region PubMed 
located_in mitochondrion  
located_in nuclear speck  
is_active_in nucleus  
located_in nucleus  

General protein information

Preferred Names
cryptochrome-2
Names
cryptochrome 2 (photolyase-like)
cryptochrome circadian clock 2
growth-inhibiting protein 37

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001127457.3NP_001120929.1  cryptochrome-2 isoform 2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate first exon which contains the predicted translation start site; the resulting protein has a distinct N-terminus.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC068385, BC041814, DC330290
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS44576.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A8K5E5
    Related
    ENSP00000397419.2, ENST00000417225.6
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    COG0415
    Location:2449
    PhrB; Deoxyribodipyrimidine photolyase [Replication, recombination and repair]
    pfam00875
    Location:11111
    DNA_photolyase; DNA photolyase
    pfam03441
    Location:171444
    FAD_binding_7; FAD binding domain of DNA photolyase
  2. NM_021117.5NP_066940.3  cryptochrome-2 isoform 1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) uses an alternate first exon which contains the predicted translation start site; the resulting protein has a distinct N-terminus.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC068385, AK302865, BC041814
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS7915.3
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B4DH32, B4DZD6, O75148, Q49AN0, Q8IV71
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A2I2P1, A8K5E5
    Related
    ENSP00000484684.1, ENST00000616080.2
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    COG0415
    Location:22510
    PhrB; Deoxyribodipyrimidine photolyase [Replication, recombination and repair]
    pfam03441
    Location:307505
    FAD_binding_7; FAD binding domain of DNA photolyase

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000011.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    45847118..45883244
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060935.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    46003044..46039180
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
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