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GSTA4 glutathione S-transferase alpha 4 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 2941, updated on 4-Jan-2025

Summary

Official Symbol
GSTA4provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
glutathione S-transferase alpha 4provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:4629
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000170899 MIM:605450; AllianceGenome:HGNC:4629
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
GTA4; GSTA4-4
Summary
Cytosolic and membrane-bound forms of glutathione S-transferase are encoded by two distinct supergene families. These enzymes are involved in cellular defense against toxic, carcinogenic, and pharmacologically active electrophilic compounds. At present, eight distinct classes of the soluble cytoplasmic mammalian glutathione S-transferases have been identified: alpha, kappa, mu, omega, pi, sigma, theta and zeta. This gene encodes a glutathione S-tranferase belonging to the alpha class. The alpha class genes, which are located in a cluster on chromosome 6, are highly related and encode enzymes with glutathione peroxidase activity that function in the detoxification of lipid peroxidation products. Reactive electrophiles produced by oxidative metabolism have been linked to a number of degenerative diseases including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, cataract formation, and atherosclerosis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression
Broad expression in adrenal (RPKM 149.4), skin (RPKM 38.6) and 16 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

See GSTA4 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
6p12.2
Exon count:
7
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 6 NC_000006.12 (52977953..52995284, complement)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 6 NC_060930.1 (52817518..52834853, complement)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 6 NC_000006.11 (52842751..52860082, complement)

Chromosome 6 - NC_000006.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105375091 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:52774000-52774692 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:52774693-52775386 Neighboring gene glutathione S-transferase alpha 3 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:52787535-52788194 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 1037 Neighboring gene glutathione S-transferase alpha 9, pseudogene Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak5857 silencer Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:52841001-52841876 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr6:52841877-52842750 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_92160 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr6:52860003-52860234 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 24693 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 17287 Neighboring gene RNA component of 7SK nuclear ribonucleoprotein Neighboring gene ciliogenesis associated kinase 1 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC128092246

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Expression

  • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
  • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
  • BioProject: PRJNA270632
  • Publication: PMID 26076956
  • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Bibliography

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Phenotypes

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
A genome-wide association study and biological pathway analysis of epilepsy prognosis in a prospective cohort of newly treated epilepsy.
EBI GWAS Catalog

HIV-1 interactions

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Vif vif HIV-1 Vif downregulates the expression of glutathione S-transferase alpha 4 (GSTA4) in Vif-expression T cells PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

Interactions

General gene information

Clone Names

  • DKFZp686D21185

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables glutathione transferase activity  
enables glutathione transferase activity PubMed 
enables identical protein binding PubMed 
enables protein binding PubMed 
enables protein homodimerization activity PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in cytosol PubMed 
located_in cytosol  

General protein information

Preferred Names
glutathione S-transferase A4
Names
GST class-alpha member 4
S-(hydroxyalkyl)glutathione lyase A4
glutathione S-alkyltransferase A4
glutathione S-aralkyltransferase A4
glutathione S-aryltransferase A4
glutathione S-transferase A4-4
glutathione transferase A4-4
NP_001503.1
XP_005249092.1
XP_011512836.1
XP_011512837.1
XP_054211236.1
XP_054211237.1
XP_054211238.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001512.4NP_001503.1  glutathione S-transferase A4

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001503.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AA709059, AK315369, BC063439, DA521337
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS4948.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B2RD15, O15217, Q5T7Q8, Q6P4G1, Q9BX18, Q9H414
    Related
    ENSP00000360002.4, ENST00000370963.9
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd03208
    Location:86220
    GST_C_Alpha; C-terminal, alpha helical domain of Class Alpha Glutathione S-transferases
    cl00388
    Location:482
    Thioredoxin_like; Protein Disulfide Oxidoreductases and Other Proteins with a Thioredoxin fold

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000006.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    52977953..52995284 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_011514534.4XP_011512836.1  glutathione S-transferase A4 isoform X2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011512836.1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B3KNR3
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd03208
    Location:49183
    GST_C_Alpha; C-terminal, alpha helical domain of Class Alpha Glutathione S-transferases
    cl00388
    Location:1245
    Thioredoxin_like; Protein Disulfide Oxidoreductases and Other Proteins with a Thioredoxin fold
  2. XM_011514535.4XP_011512837.1  glutathione S-transferase A4 isoform X2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011512837.1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B3KNR3
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd03208
    Location:49183
    GST_C_Alpha; C-terminal, alpha helical domain of Class Alpha Glutathione S-transferases
    cl00388
    Location:1245
    Thioredoxin_like; Protein Disulfide Oxidoreductases and Other Proteins with a Thioredoxin fold
  3. XM_005249035.5XP_005249092.1  glutathione S-transferase A4 isoform X1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_005249092.1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B2RD15, O15217, Q5T7Q8, Q6P4G1, Q9BX18, Q9H414
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd03208
    Location:86220
    GST_C_Alpha; C-terminal, alpha helical domain of Class Alpha Glutathione S-transferases
    cl00388
    Location:482
    Thioredoxin_like; Protein Disulfide Oxidoreductases and Other Proteins with a Thioredoxin fold

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060930.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    52817518..52834853 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054355262.1XP_054211237.1  glutathione S-transferase A4 isoform X2

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B3KNR3
  2. XM_054355263.1XP_054211238.1  glutathione S-transferase A4 isoform X2

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B3KNR3
  3. XM_054355261.1XP_054211236.1  glutathione S-transferase A4 isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B2RD15, O15217, Q5T7Q8, Q6P4G1, Q9BX18, Q9H414
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