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AXL AXL receptor tyrosine kinase [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 558, updated on 4-Jan-2025

Summary

Official Symbol
AXLprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name
AXL receptor tyrosine kinaseprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:905
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000167601 MIM:109135; AllianceGenome:HGNC:905
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
ARK; UFO; AXL3; JTK11; Tyro7
Summary
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Tyro3-Axl-Mer (TAM) receptor tyrosine kinase subfamily. The encoded protein possesses an extracellular domain which is composed of two immunoglobulin-like motifs at the N-terminal, followed by two fibronectin type-III motifs. It transduces signals from the extracellular matrix into the cytoplasm by binding to the vitamin K-dependent protein growth arrest-specific 6 (Gas6). This gene may be involved in several cellular functions including growth, migration, aggregation and anti-inflammation in multiple cell types. The encoded protein acts as a host cell receptor for multiple viruses, including Marburg, Ebola and Lassa viruses and is a candidate receptor for the SARS-CoV2 virus. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2021]
Annotation information
Note: This gene has been reviewed for its involvement in coronavirus biology, and is involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in spleen (RPKM 20.7), endometrium (RPKM 15.3) and 23 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

See AXL in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
19q13.2
Exon count:
21
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 19 NC_000019.10 (41219223..41261766)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 19 NC_060943.1 (44040107..44082625)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 19 NC_000019.9 (41725128..41767671)

Chromosome 19 - NC_000019.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124904790 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:41698650-41699150 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:41700461-41700973 Neighboring gene RNA, 7SL, cytoplasmic 718, pseudogene Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:41712923-41713700 Neighboring gene cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily S member 1 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr19:41718918-41719078 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:41724269-41725093 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:41727344-41728281 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:41730156-41731091 Neighboring gene tRNA-Lys (anticodon TTT) 10-1 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 14670 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 14671 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:41768709-41769248 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:41769249-41769788 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:41769789-41770327 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 10653 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 10654 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 10655 Neighboring gene heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U like 1 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak3484 silencer Neighboring gene RNA, 7SL, cytoplasmic 34, pseudogene Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 15507 Neighboring gene BRD4-independent group 4 enhancer GRCh37_chr19:41806393-41807592 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 14672 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105372401 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 14673

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Expression

  • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
  • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
  • BioProject: PRJNA270632
  • Publication: PMID 26076956
  • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Bibliography

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

HIV-1 interactions

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Vpr vpr HIV-1 Vpr upregulates the gene expression of AXL in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells PubMed
capsid gag AXL inhibits the release of HIV-1 in terms of reduced levels of CA in virus particles and induces the accumulation of cell-associated CA PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

Interactions

General gene information

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Items 1 - 25 of 26
Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables ATP binding  
enables GPI-linked ephrin receptor activity  
enables boss receptor activity  
enables brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor activity  
enables epidermal growth factor receptor activity  
enables fibroblast growth factor receptor activity  
enables hepatocyte growth factor receptor activity  
enables histone H2AXY142 kinase activity  
enables histone H3Y41 kinase activity  
enables insulin receptor activity  
enables insulin-like growth factor receptor activity  
enables macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor activity  
enables myosin heavy chain binding  
enables phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase binding  
enables phosphatidylserine binding PubMed 
enables placental growth factor receptor activity  
enables platelet-derived growth factor alpha-receptor activity  
enables platelet-derived growth factor beta-receptor activity  
enables protein binding PubMed 
enables protein tyrosine kinase activity PubMed 
enables protein tyrosine kinase collagen receptor activity  
enables stem cell factor receptor activity  
enables transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity  
enables transmembrane-ephrin receptor activity  
enables vascular endothelial growth factor receptor activity  
enables virus receptor activity PubMed 
Items 1 - 25 of 26
Items 1 - 25 of 59
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in Kit signaling pathway  
involved_in animal organ regeneration  
involved_in blood vessel remodeling  
involved_in brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor signaling pathway  
involved_in cell maturation PubMed 
involved_in cell migration  
involved_in cell surface receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway  
involved_in cellular response to hydrogen peroxide  
involved_in cellular response to interferon-alpha PubMed 
involved_in cellular response to lipopolysaccharide PubMed 
involved_in chromatin remodeling  
involved_in collagen-activated tyrosine kinase receptor signaling pathway  
involved_in dendritic cell differentiation PubMed 
involved_in ephrin receptor signaling pathway  
involved_in epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway  
involved_in erythrocyte homeostasis  
involved_in establishment of localization in cell  
involved_in fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway  
involved_in forebrain cell migration  
involved_in hepatocyte growth factor receptor signaling pathway  
involved_in inflammatory response  
involved_in innate immune response  
involved_in insulin receptor signaling pathway  
involved_in insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway  
involved_in macrophage colony-stimulating factor signaling pathway  
involved_in multicellular organism development  
involved_in natural killer cell differentiation  
involved_in negative regulation of apoptotic process  
involved_in negative regulation of dendritic cell apoptotic process PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of lymphocyte activation  
involved_in negative regulation of macrophage cytokine production  
involved_in negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process  
involved_in negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production  
involved_in negative regulation of type II interferon production PubMed 
involved_in nervous system development  
involved_in neuron apoptotic process  
involved_in neuron migration  
involved_in neutrophil clearance  
involved_in ovulation cycle  
involved_in phagocytosis  
involved_in phagocytosis PubMed 
involved_in platelet activation  
involved_in platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha signaling pathway  
involved_in platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta signaling pathway  
involved_in positive regulation of cytokine-mediated signaling pathway PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of natural killer cell differentiation PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction  
involved_in positive regulation of pinocytosis PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of viral life cycle PubMed 
involved_in response to axon injury  
involved_in secretion by cell  
involved_in signal transduction PubMed 
involved_in spermatogenesis  
involved_in substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading  
involved_in symbiont entry into host cell PubMed 
involved_in vagina development  
involved_in vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway  
involved_in vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 signaling pathway  
involved_in vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway  
Items 1 - 25 of 59
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in actin cytoskeleton  
located_in cell surface PubMed 
located_in cell surface PubMed 
located_in extracellular exosome PubMed 
located_in extracellular space PubMed 
located_in intracellular membrane-bounded organelle  
is_active_in plasma membrane  
located_in plasma membrane  
located_in plasma membrane  
part_of receptor complex  

General protein information

Preferred Names
tyrosine-protein kinase receptor UFO
Names
AXL oncogene
AXL transforming sequence/gene
NP_001265528.1
NP_001690.2
NP_068713.2

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001278599.2NP_001265528.1  tyrosine-protein kinase receptor UFO isoform 3

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 5' UTR, lacks four alternate exons in the 5' coding region and initiates translation at a downstream AUG, compared to variant 1. It encodes isoform 3 which has a shorter N-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AI300772, AI309979, AK309139, CA437238, X66029
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS62677.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    M0R0W6
    Related
    ENSP00000471497.1, ENST00000593513.1
    Conserved Domains (4) summary
    smart00221
    Location:270535
    STYKc; Protein kinase; unclassified specificity
    cd00063
    Location:2060
    FN3; Fibronectin type 3 domain; One of three types of internal repeats found in the plasma protein fibronectin. Its tenth fibronectin type III repeat contains an RGD cell recognition sequence in a flexible loop between 2 strands. Approximately 2% of all ...
    cd05075
    Location:267543
    PTKc_Axl; Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine Kinase, Axl
    pfam00041
    Location:67150
    fn3; Fibronectin type III domain
  2. NM_001699.6NP_001690.2  tyrosine-protein kinase receptor UFO isoform 2 precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001690.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an alternate in-frame exon in the 5' coding region compared to variant 1. It encodes isoform 2, which lacks an internal segment and is shorter than isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AI300772, AI309979, AK309139, AL556721, BC032229, CA437238, HY045208, M76125, X66029
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS12574.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P30530
    Related
    ENSP00000351995.2, ENST00000359092.7
    Conserved Domains (7) summary
    cd00096
    Location:53126
    Ig; Immunoglobulin domain
    cd05749
    Location:141222
    Ig2_Tyro3_like; Second immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain of Axl/Tyro3 receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs)
    smart00221
    Location:529794
    STYKc; Protein kinase; unclassified specificity
    smart00410
    Location:145223
    IG_like; Immunoglobulin like
    cd00063
    Location:225328
    FN3; Fibronectin type 3 domain; One of three types of internal repeats found in the plasma protein fibronectin. Its tenth fibronectin type III repeat contains an RGD cell recognition sequence in a flexible loop between 2 strands. Approximately 2% of all ...
    cd05075
    Location:526802
    PTKc_Axl; Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine Kinase, Axl
    pfam00041
    Location:335418
    fn3; Fibronectin type III domain
  3. NM_021913.5NP_068713.2  tyrosine-protein kinase receptor UFO isoform 1 precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_068713.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript and encodes the longest isoform (1).
    Source sequence(s)
    AI300772, AI309979, AK309139, AL556721, BC032229, CA437238, HY045208, X66029
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS12575.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P30530, Q8N5L2, Q9UD27
    Related
    ENSP00000301178.3, ENST00000301178.9
    Conserved Domains (5) summary
    cd05749
    Location:141222
    Ig2_Axl_Tyro3_like; Second immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain of Axl/Tyro3 family receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs)
    cd00063
    Location:225328
    FN3; Fibronectin type 3 domain; One of three types of internal repeats found in the plasma protein fibronectin. Its tenth fibronectin type III repeat contains an RGD cell recognition sequence in a flexible loop between 2 strands. Approximately 2% of all ...
    cd05075
    Location:535811
    PTKc_Axl; Catalytic domain of the Protein Tyrosine Kinase, Axl
    pfam00041
    Location:335418
    fn3; Fibronectin type III domain
    cd00096
    Location:53119
    Ig; Immunoglobulin domain

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000019.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    41219223..41261766
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060943.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    44040107..44082625
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
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