Txn2 thioredoxin 2 [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Txn2provided by RGD
Official Full Name: thioredoxin 2provided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:71040
See related: Ensembl:ENSRNOG00000005614 AllianceGenome:RGD:71040
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: PROVISIONAL
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Summary: Contributes to peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase activity; peptide-methionine (S)-S-oxide reductase activity; and protein-disulfide reductase activity. Involved in several processes, including response to axon injury; response to glucose; and response to hypoxia. Located in dendrite; mitochondrion; and neuronal cell body. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 29. Orthologous to human TXN2 (thioredoxin 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
Expression: Biased expression in Adrenal (RPKM 699.1), Muscle (RPKM 438.2) and 9 other tissues See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 7q34

Exon count:: 4

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	7	NC_086025.1 (111377338..111390940, complement)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	7	NC_051342.1 (109496772..109510378, complement)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	7	NC_005106.4 (119144350..119158173, complement)

Chromosome 7 - NC_086025.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Loss of TXN2 alters mitochondrial respiratory function and induces cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.
Title: Loss of thioredoxin 2 alters mitochondrial respiratory function and induces cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.
Estradiol-17beta upregulation of both PRX3 and TRX2 in the white adipose tissue, but not in the brown adipose tissue could play a key role in the sex dimorphism reported in the antioxidant defense of the white adipose tissue in order to alleviate the detrimental effect of the oxidative stress.
Title: Antioxidant peroxiredoxin 3 expression is regulated by 17beta-estradiol in rat white adipose tissue.
Data show that the redox state of cyclophilin D was stimulated by thioredoxin 1 and 2 and peroxiredoxin 3 in heart mitochondria.
Title: Mitochondrial Thioredoxin System as a Modulator of Cyclophilin D Redox State.
Age-related changes in Trx2 and the TXNIP-Trx2-ASK1 signal pathway in the auditory cortex
Title: Age-related changes in mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme Trx2 and TXNIP-Trx2-ASK1 signal pathways in the auditory cortex of a mimetic aging rat model: changes to Trx2 in the auditory cortex.
Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion mediates procaspase-3 denitrosylation and activation through GluR6-FasL-Trx2 pathway, which leads to neuronal apoptosis and cell death.
Title: GluR6-FasL-Trx2 mediates denitrosylation and activation of procaspase-3 in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in rats.
TRX1 and TRX2 overexpression preserved approximately 45 and 37% of retinal ganglion cell, respectively, that were destined to die due to intraocular pressure increase.
Title: Thioredoxins 1 and 2 protect retinal ganglion cells from pharmacologically induced oxidative stress, optic nerve transection and ocular hypertension.
Both thioredoxin 2 and glutaredoxin 2 contribute to the reduction of the mitochondrial 2-Cys peroxiredoxin Prx3.
Title: Both thioredoxin 2 and glutaredoxin 2 contribute to the reduction of the mitochondrial 2-Cys peroxiredoxin Prx3.
aging is associated with a TrxR2 reduction in skeletal muscle and heart, which enhances susceptibility to apoptotic stimuli but is renormalized after short-term caloric restriction
Title: The thioredoxin system in aging muscle: key role of mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase in the protective effects of caloric restriction?
These results provided the first expression profile of thiol-related genes in a model of diabetes and demonstrated a novel role for endogenous thioredoxin 2 in protecting cells against high ambient glucose.
Title: Thiol-related genes in diabetic complications: a novel protective role for endogenous thioredoxin 2.
TRx2 has a role scavenging reactive oxygen species in mitochondria and is involved in regulating apoptotic cascades
Title: The mitochondrial antioxidants thioredoxin-2 and Mn-superoxide dismutase are involved in the mechanisms of brain hypoxic tolerance.

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General gene information

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Markers

RH132125 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:215408

RH127320 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:210630

Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
contributes_to peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
contributes_to peptide-methionine (S)-S-oxide reductase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein-containing complex binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
contributes_to protein-disulfide reductase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in cell redox homeostasis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in cellular response to nutrient levels	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to axon injury	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to glucose	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to hormone	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to hypoxia	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to nutrient	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info
involved_in response to organic cyclic compound	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to oxidative stress	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to xenobiotic stimulus	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in dendrite	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in mitochondrion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in mitochondrion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in neuronal cell body	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in nucleolus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in nucleolus	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: thioredoxin, mitochondrial

Names: MTRX; mt-Trx

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_053331.2 → NP_445783.1 thioredoxin, mitochondrial precursor

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_445783.1

Status: PROVISIONAL

Source sequence(s)

BC081760

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P97615

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A6HSH0, A6HSH4

Related

ENSRNOP00000060694.1, ENSRNOT00000067483.4

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd02947
Location:72 → 162

TRX_family; TRX family; composed of two groups: Group I, which includes proteins that exclusively encode a TRX domain; and Group II, which are composed of fusion proteins of TRX and additional domains. Group I TRX is a small ancient protein that alter the redox ...