Pax4 paired box 4 [Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Pax4provided by RGD
Official Full Name: paired box 4provided by RGD
Primary source: RGD:620433
See related: Ensembl:ENSRNOG00000008020 AllianceGenome:RGD:620433
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: PROVISIONAL
Organism: Rattus norvegicus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
Summary: Enables double-stranded DNA binding activity. Involved in several processes, including negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; response to cAMP; and retina development in camera-type eye. Located in nucleus. Used to study type 2 diabetes mellitus. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in diabetic ketoacidosis; maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 9; type 1 diabetes mellitus; and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Orthologous to human PAX4 (paired box 4). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
Expression: Low expression observed in reference dataset See more
Orthologs: human mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 4q22

Exon count:: 11

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1)	4	NC_086022.1 (58023873..58032265, complement)
RS_2023_06	previous assembly	mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2)	4	NC_051339.1 (57058453..57065995, complement)
106	previous assembly	Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5)	4	NC_005103.4 (55735640..55753461, complement)

Chromosome 4 - NC_086022.1 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

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Expression

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See details

Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
BioProject: PRJNA238328
Publication: PMID 24510058
Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Data show that Ngn3 and Pax4, a transcription factor that lies downstream of Ngn3 and plays an important role in beta-cell differentiation, were expressed in the alpha-cells of STZ-treated rats.
Title: Streptozotocin-induced expression of Ngn3 and Pax4 in neonatal rat pancreatic α-cells.
The daily rhythm in pineal Pax4 expression is controlled by a neural system which acts on pinealocytes through an adrenergic-cyclic AMP signalling mechanism.
Title: Developmental and diurnal dynamics of Pax4 expression in the mammalian pineal gland: nocturnal down-regulation is mediated by adrenergic-cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate signaling.
Pineal expression of Pax4 is undetectable prior to birth and increases thereafter; in the adult there is a daily rhythm in Pax4 expression with high levels during the day.
Title: Developmental and diurnal dynamics of Pax4 expression in the mammalian pineal gland: nocturnal down-regulation is mediated by adrenergic-cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate signaling.
Retinal expression of Pax4 is undetectable prior to birth but increases thereafter; in the adult there are daily changes which may influence retinal gene expression
Title: Developmental and daily expression of the Pax4 and Pax6 homeobox genes in the rat retina: localization of Pax4 in photoreceptor cells.
The daily changes in Pax4 expression may influence gene expression in the pineal gland.
Title: Developmental and diurnal dynamics of Pax4 expression in the mammalian pineal gland: nocturnal down-regulation is mediated by adrenergic-cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate signaling.
activation of Pax4 in Pdx1-VP16-expressing cells reprograms pancreatic precursor-like WB-1 cells into glucose-responsive, more mature insulin-producing cells
Title: Role of Pax4 in Pdx1-VP16-mediated liver-to-endocrine pancreas transdifferentiation.
The Pax4 transcripts were detected in adult rat islets, and levels were induced by the mitogens activin A and betacellulin.
Title: The diabetes-linked transcription factor PAX4 promotes {beta}-cell proliferation and survival in rat and human islets.
Causal association between Pax4 mRNA levels and susceptibility of rat insulinoma cells to apoptosis suggests an important physiological function for Pax4 in cell survival.
Title: The transcription factor PAX4 acts as a survival gene in INS-1E insulinoma cells.

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General gene information

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Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables DNA binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
enables double-stranded DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in anatomical structure development	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in circadian rhythm	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of apoptotic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of epithelial cell differentiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of cell differentiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in response to cAMP	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in response to xenobiotic stimulus	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in retina development in camera-type eye	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of type B pancreatic cell differentiation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in nucleus	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: paired box protein Pax-4

Names: paired box gene 4

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.