U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination

Disorder of testis

MedGen UID:
11743
•Concept ID:
C0039584
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Testicular disease; Testicular disorder
SNOMED CT: Disorder of testis (64910008); Testicular disorder (64910008); Testicular disease (236763001)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0002329

Definition

A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder affecting the testis. Representative examples include torsion, infarction, germ cell tumor, sex cord-stromal tumor, lymphoma, and leukemia. [from NCI]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

EAA clinical practice guidelines-gynecomastia evaluation and management.
Kanakis GA, Nordkap L, Bang AK, Calogero AE, Bártfai G, Corona G, Forti G, Toppari J, Goulis DG, Jørgensen N
Andrology 2019 Nov;7(6):778-793. Epub 2019 May 16 doi: 10.1111/andr.12636. PMID: 31099174
Testicular Cancer: Diagnosis and Treatment.
Baird DC, Meyers GJ, Hu JS
Am Fam Physician 2018 Feb 15;97(4):261-268. PMID: 29671528
Testicular Cancer: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Management.
Smith ZL, Werntz RP, Eggener SE
Med Clin North Am 2018 Mar;102(2):251-264. Epub 2017 Dec 21 doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2017.10.003. PMID: 29406056

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Association between testicular cancer and microlithiasis.
Betancourt Sevilla MD, Granda González DF
Actas Urol Esp (Engl Ed) 2022 Dec;46(10):587-599. Epub 2022 Jul 29 doi: 10.1016/j.acuroe.2022.07.002. PMID: 36216765
When to ask for an MRI of the scrotum.
Tsili AC, Argyropoulou MI, Dolciami M, Ercolani G, Catalano C, Manganaro L
Andrology 2021 Sep;9(5):1395-1409. Epub 2021 Jun 11 doi: 10.1111/andr.13032. PMID: 33964115Free PMC Article
Cryptorchidism.
Lee PA, Houk CP
Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2013 Jun;20(3):210-6. doi: 10.1097/MED.0b013e32835ffc7d. PMID: 23493040
Scrotal calculi.
Artas H, Orhan I
J Ultrasound Med 2007 Dec;26(12):1775-9. doi: 10.7863/jum.2007.26.12.1775. PMID: 18029930
Testicular injuries.
Cass AS, Luxenberg M
Urology 1991 Jun;37(6):528-30. doi: 10.1016/0090-4295(91)80317-z. PMID: 2038785

Diagnosis

Male infertility due to testicular disorders.
Sharma A, Minhas S, Dhillo WS, Jayasena CN
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021 Jan 23;106(2):e442-e459. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa781. PMID: 33295608Free PMC Article
Testosterone deficiency syndrome: Diagnosis and treatment.
García-Cruz E, Alcaraz A
Actas Urol Esp (Engl Ed) 2020 Jun;44(5):294-300. Epub 2020 May 15 doi: 10.1016/j.acuro.2019.10.009. PMID: 32423612
Scrotal Ultrasound.
Rebik K, Wagner JM, Middleton W
Radiol Clin North Am 2019 May;57(3):635-648. Epub 2019 Feb 14 doi: 10.1016/j.rcl.2019.01.007. PMID: 30928082
Pediatric scrotal ultrasound: review and update.
Alkhori NA, Barth RA
Pediatr Radiol 2017 Aug;47(9):1125-1133. Epub 2017 Aug 4 doi: 10.1007/s00247-017-3923-9. PMID: 28779199
Cryptorchidism.
Lee PA, Houk CP
Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2013 Jun;20(3):210-6. doi: 10.1097/MED.0b013e32835ffc7d. PMID: 23493040

Therapy

Atypical testicular pain.
Bedi N, Rahimi MNC, Menzies S, Kalsi J
BMJ Case Rep 2019 Feb 19;12(2) doi: 10.1136/bcr-2018-226697. PMID: 30787023Free PMC Article
Cryptorchidism --disease or symptom?
Toppari J, Rodprasert W, Virtanen HE
Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2014 May;75(2):72-6. Epub 2014 Apr 29 doi: 10.1016/j.ando.2014.04.010. PMID: 24786701
The undescended testis.
MacKinnon AE
Indian J Pediatr 2005 May;72(5):429-32. doi: 10.1007/BF02731742. PMID: 15973027
Maldescendus testis.
Toppari J, Kaleva M
Horm Res 1999 Dec;51(6):261-9. doi: 10.1159/000023412. PMID: 10640886
Henoch-Schönlein purpura.
Robson WL, Leung AK
Adv Pediatr 1994;41:163-94. PMID: 7992683

Prognosis

Treatment and follow-up of rare testis tumours.
Fankhauser CD, Grogg JB, Rothermundt C, Clarke NW
J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022 Mar;148(3):667-671. Epub 2022 Jan 20 doi: 10.1007/s00432-021-03890-2. PMID: 35048196
Cryptorchidism.
Hutson JM, Balic A, Nation T, Southwell B
Semin Pediatr Surg 2010 Aug;19(3):215-24. doi: 10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2010.04.001. PMID: 20610195
Testicular cancer.
Kinkade S
Am Fam Physician 1999 May 1;59(9):2539-44, 2549-50. PMID: 10323360
Henoch-Schönlein purpura.
Robson WL, Leung AK
Adv Pediatr 1994;41:163-94. PMID: 7992683
Testicular injuries.
Cass AS, Luxenberg M
Urology 1991 Jun;37(6):528-30. doi: 10.1016/0090-4295(91)80317-z. PMID: 2038785

Clinical prediction guides

Treatment and follow-up of rare testis tumours.
Fankhauser CD, Grogg JB, Rothermundt C, Clarke NW
J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022 Mar;148(3):667-671. Epub 2022 Jan 20 doi: 10.1007/s00432-021-03890-2. PMID: 35048196
Causal Associations Between Educational Attainment and 14 Urological and Reproductive Health Outcomes: A Mendelian Randomization Study.
Wang M, Jian Z, Gao X, Yuan C, Jin X, Li H, Wang K
Front Public Health 2021;9:742952. Epub 2021 Oct 28 doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.742952. PMID: 34778177Free PMC Article
Cellular basis of ClC-2 Cl(-) channel-related brain and testis pathologies.
Göppner C, Soria AH, Hoegg-Beiler MB, Jentsch TJ
J Biol Chem 2021 Jan-Jun;296:100074. Epub 2020 Nov 23 doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA120.016031. PMID: 33187987Free PMC Article
Free radicals in adolescent varicocele testis.
Romeo C, Santoro G
Oxid Med Cell Longev 2014;2014:912878. Epub 2014 Dec 14 doi: 10.1155/2014/912878. PMID: 25580183Free PMC Article
Maldescendus testis.
Toppari J, Kaleva M
Horm Res 1999 Dec;51(6):261-9. doi: 10.1159/000023412. PMID: 10640886

Recent systematic reviews

Long-term health outcomes of children born to mothers with hyperemesis gravidarum: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Nijsten K, Jansen LAW, Limpens J, Finken MJJ, Koot MH, Grooten IJ, Roseboom TJ, Painter RC
Am J Obstet Gynecol 2022 Sep;227(3):414-429.e17. Epub 2022 Mar 30 doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.03.052. PMID: 35367190
KRAS and BRAF Mutations in Stage II and III Colon Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Formica V, Sera F, Cremolini C, Riondino S, Morelli C, Arkenau HT, Roselli M
J Natl Cancer Inst 2022 Apr 11;114(4):517-527. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djab190. PMID: 34542636Free PMC Article
Physical activity and risk of testicular cancer: a systematic review.
Huang S, Signal V, Sarfati D, Shaw C, Stanley J, McGlynn K, Gurney J
BMC Cancer 2018 Feb 14;18(1):189. doi: 10.1186/s12885-018-4093-3. PMID: 29444652Free PMC Article
Epidemiology of mesothelioma of the pericardium and tunica vaginalis testis.
Mezei G, Chang ET, Mowat FS, Moolgavkar SH
Ann Epidemiol 2017 May;27(5):348-359.e11. Epub 2017 Apr 14 doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2017.04.001. PMID: 28527639
Cannabis exposure and risk of testicular cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Gurney J, Shaw C, Stanley J, Signal V, Sarfati D
BMC Cancer 2015 Nov 11;15:897. doi: 10.1186/s12885-015-1905-6. PMID: 26560314Free PMC Article

Supplemental Content

Table of contents

    Clinical resources

    Practice guidelines

    • PubMed
      See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.
    • Bookshelf
      See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the FAQ for details.

    Consumer resources

    Reviews

    Related information

    • MeSH
      Related Medical Subject Headings
    • PMC Articles
      Related information in PubMed Central Links
    • PubMed
      Related literature resources in PubMed

    Recent activity

    Clear Turn Off Turn On

    Your browsing activity is empty.

    Activity recording is turned off.

    Turn recording back on

    See more...