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Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Not Otherwise Specified

MedGen UID:
1793788
•Concept ID:
C5557347
•
Neoplastic Process
Synonym: Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma, NOS

Definition

Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma in which information on the p16 immunohistochemistry or HPV testing status is not available. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVVulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Not Otherwise Specified

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Modern treatment of vulvar cancer.
Merlo S
Radiol Oncol 2020 Sep 22;54(4):371-376. doi: 10.2478/raon-2020-0053. PMID: 32960779Free PMC Article
Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment of Lichen Sclerosus: A Systematic Review.
Fergus KB, Lee AW, Baradaran N, Cohen AJ, Stohr BA, Erickson BA, Mmonu NA, Breyer BN
Urology 2020 Jan;135:11-19. Epub 2019 Oct 9 doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2019.09.034. PMID: 31605681
Diagnosis and treatment of lichen sclerosus: an update.
Fistarol SK, Itin PH
Am J Clin Dermatol 2013 Feb;14(1):27-47. doi: 10.1007/s40257-012-0006-4. PMID: 23329078Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

HPV-independent, p53-wild-type vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: a review of nomenclature and the journey to characterize verruciform and acanthotic precursor lesions of the vulva.
Parra-Herran C, Nucci MR, Singh N, Rakislova N, Howitt BE, Hoang L, Gilks CB, Bosse T, Watkins JC
Mod Pathol 2022 Oct;35(10):1317-1326. Epub 2022 Apr 18 doi: 10.1038/s41379-022-01079-7. PMID: 35437330
Cancer of the vulva: 2021 update.
Olawaiye AB, Cuello MA, Rogers LJ
Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2021 Oct;155 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):7-18. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.13881. PMID: 34669204Free PMC Article
Putative precancerous lesions of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma.
Jenkins TM, Mills AM
Semin Diagn Pathol 2021 Jan;38(1):27-36. Epub 2020 Sep 6 doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2020.09.006. PMID: 32948383
Major p53 immunohistochemical patterns in in situ and invasive squamous cell carcinomas of the vulva and correlation with TP53 mutation status.
Tessier-Cloutier B, Kortekaas KE, Thompson E, Pors J, Chen J, Ho J, Prentice LM, McConechy MK, Chow C, Proctor L, McAlpine JN, Huntsman DG, Gilks CB, Bosse T, Hoang LN
Mod Pathol 2020 Aug;33(8):1595-1605. Epub 2020 Mar 20 doi: 10.1038/s41379-020-0524-1. PMID: 32203095
Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment of Lichen Sclerosus: A Systematic Review.
Fergus KB, Lee AW, Baradaran N, Cohen AJ, Stohr BA, Erickson BA, Mmonu NA, Breyer BN
Urology 2020 Jan;135:11-19. Epub 2019 Oct 9 doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2019.09.034. PMID: 31605681

Diagnosis

HPV-independent, p53-wild-type vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: a review of nomenclature and the journey to characterize verruciform and acanthotic precursor lesions of the vulva.
Parra-Herran C, Nucci MR, Singh N, Rakislova N, Howitt BE, Hoang L, Gilks CB, Bosse T, Watkins JC
Mod Pathol 2022 Oct;35(10):1317-1326. Epub 2022 Apr 18 doi: 10.1038/s41379-022-01079-7. PMID: 35437330
Cancer of the vulva: 2021 update.
Olawaiye AB, Cuello MA, Rogers LJ
Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2021 Oct;155 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):7-18. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.13881. PMID: 34669204Free PMC Article
Cancer of the Vulva: A Review.
Michalski BM, Pfeifer JD, Mutch D, Council ML
Dermatol Surg 2021 Feb 1;47(2):174-183. doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000002584. PMID: 32947298
Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment of Lichen Sclerosus: A Systematic Review.
Fergus KB, Lee AW, Baradaran N, Cohen AJ, Stohr BA, Erickson BA, Mmonu NA, Breyer BN
Urology 2020 Jan;135:11-19. Epub 2019 Oct 9 doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2019.09.034. PMID: 31605681
Vulvar Cancer.
Weinberg D, Gomez-Martinez RA
Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 2019 Mar;46(1):125-135. doi: 10.1016/j.ogc.2018.09.008. PMID: 30683259

Therapy

Cancer of the Vulva: A Review.
Michalski BM, Pfeifer JD, Mutch D, Council ML
Dermatol Surg 2021 Feb 1;47(2):174-183. doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000002584. PMID: 32947298
Recommendations for the use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) for patients with metastatic cancers: a report from the ESMO Precision Medicine Working Group.
Mosele F, Remon J, Mateo J, Westphalen CB, Barlesi F, Lolkema MP, Normanno N, Scarpa A, Robson M, Meric-Bernstam F, Wagle N, Stenzinger A, Bonastre J, Bayle A, Michiels S, Bièche I, Rouleau E, Jezdic S, Douillard JY, Reis-Filho JS, Dienstmann R, André F
Ann Oncol 2020 Nov;31(11):1491-1505. Epub 2020 Aug 24 doi: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.07.014. PMID: 32853681
Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment of Lichen Sclerosus: A Systematic Review.
Fergus KB, Lee AW, Baradaran N, Cohen AJ, Stohr BA, Erickson BA, Mmonu NA, Breyer BN
Urology 2020 Jan;135:11-19. Epub 2019 Oct 9 doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2019.09.034. PMID: 31605681
Hormone Replacement Therapy in Cancer Survivors - Review of the Literature.
Deli T, Orosz M, Jakab A
Pathol Oncol Res 2020 Jan;26(1):63-78. Epub 2019 Jan 8 doi: 10.1007/s12253-018-00569-x. PMID: 30617760Free PMC Article
Diagnosis and treatment of lichen sclerosus: an update.
Fistarol SK, Itin PH
Am J Clin Dermatol 2013 Feb;14(1):27-47. doi: 10.1007/s40257-012-0006-4. PMID: 23329078Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Putative precancerous lesions of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma.
Jenkins TM, Mills AM
Semin Diagn Pathol 2021 Jan;38(1):27-36. Epub 2020 Sep 6 doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2020.09.006. PMID: 32948383
Vulval squamous cell carcinoma and its precursors.
Singh N, Gilks CB
Histopathology 2020 Jan;76(1):128-138. doi: 10.1111/his.13989. PMID: 31846523
Surgical Management of Vulvar Cancer.
Dellinger TH, Hakim AA, Lee SJ, Wakabayashi MT, Morgan RJ, Han ES
J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2017 Jan;15(1):121-128. doi: 10.6004/jnccn.2017.0009. PMID: 28040722
Risk factors and treatment for recurrent vulvar squamous cell carcinoma.
Nooij LS, Brand FA, Gaarenstroom KN, Creutzberg CL, de Hullu JA, van Poelgeest MI
Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2016 Oct;106:1-13. Epub 2016 Jul 25 doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2016.07.007. PMID: 27637349
Sentinel node dissection is safe in the treatment of early-stage vulvar cancer.
Van der Zee AG, Oonk MH, De Hullu JA, Ansink AC, Vergote I, Verheijen RH, Maggioni A, Gaarenstroom KN, Baldwin PJ, Van Dorst EB, Van der Velden J, Hermans RH, van der Putten H, Drouin P, Schneider A, Sluiter WJ
J Clin Oncol 2008 Feb 20;26(6):884-9. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2007.14.0566. PMID: 18281661

Clinical prediction guides

DEVIL, VAAD and vLSC constitute a spectrum of HPV-independent, p53-independent intra-epithelial neoplasia of the vulva.
Roy SF, Wong J, Le Page C, Tran-Thanh D, Barkati M, Pina A, Trinh VQ, Rahimi K
Histopathology 2021 Dec;79(6):975-988. Epub 2021 Sep 20 doi: 10.1111/his.14451. PMID: 34265101
Molecular Landscape of Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
Carreras-Dieguez N, Guerrero J, Rodrigo-Calvo MT, Ribera-Cortada I, Trias I, Jares P, López Del Campo R, Saco A, Munmany M, Marimon L, Ferrando M, Vega N, Del Pino M, Torné A, Ordi J, Rakislova N
Int J Mol Sci 2021 Jun 30;22(13) doi: 10.3390/ijms22137069. PMID: 34209172Free PMC Article
Genomic characterization of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma.
Prieske K, Alawi M, Oliveira-Ferrer L, Jaeger A, Eylmann K, Burandt E, Schmalfeldt B, Joosse SA, Woelber L
Gynecol Oncol 2020 Sep;158(3):547-554. Epub 2020 Jun 24 doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.06.482. PMID: 32591094
Major p53 immunohistochemical patterns in in situ and invasive squamous cell carcinomas of the vulva and correlation with TP53 mutation status.
Tessier-Cloutier B, Kortekaas KE, Thompson E, Pors J, Chen J, Ho J, Prentice LM, McConechy MK, Chow C, Proctor L, McAlpine JN, Huntsman DG, Gilks CB, Bosse T, Hoang LN
Mod Pathol 2020 Aug;33(8):1595-1605. Epub 2020 Mar 20 doi: 10.1038/s41379-020-0524-1. PMID: 32203095
Sentinel node dissection is safe in the treatment of early-stage vulvar cancer.
Van der Zee AG, Oonk MH, De Hullu JA, Ansink AC, Vergote I, Verheijen RH, Maggioni A, Gaarenstroom KN, Baldwin PJ, Van Dorst EB, Van der Velden J, Hermans RH, van der Putten H, Drouin P, Schneider A, Sluiter WJ
J Clin Oncol 2008 Feb 20;26(6):884-9. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2007.14.0566. PMID: 18281661

Recent systematic reviews

Prevalence of human papillomavirus DNA and p16(INK4a) positivity in vulvar cancer and vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Li Z, Liu P, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Chen Z, Chu R, Li G, Han Q, Zhao Y, Li L, Miao J, Kong B, Song K
Lancet Oncol 2023 Apr;24(4):403-414. Epub 2023 Mar 15 doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(23)00066-9. PMID: 36933562
Risk of Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Lichen Sclerosus and Lichen Planus: A Systematic Review.
Leis M, Singh A, Li C, Ahluwalia R, Fleming P, Lynde CW
J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2022 Feb;44(2):182-192. Epub 2021 Oct 19 doi: 10.1016/j.jogc.2021.09.023. PMID: 34678521
Precursor lesions of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma - histology and biomarkers: A systematic review.
Dasgupta S, Ewing-Graham PC, Swagemakers SMA, van der Spek PJ, van Doorn HC, Noordhoek Hegt V, Koljenović S, van Kemenade FJ
Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2020 Mar;147:102866. Epub 2020 Jan 15 doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2020.102866. PMID: 32058913
Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment of Lichen Sclerosus: A Systematic Review.
Fergus KB, Lee AW, Baradaran N, Cohen AJ, Stohr BA, Erickson BA, Mmonu NA, Breyer BN
Urology 2020 Jan;135:11-19. Epub 2019 Oct 9 doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2019.09.034. PMID: 31605681
Vulvar, Perianal and Perineal Cancer After Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Systematic Review and Pooled Analysis.
Makris GM, Poulakaki N, Papanota AM, Kotsifa E, Sergentanis TN, Psaltopoulou T
Dermatol Surg 2017 Jan;43(1):107-115. doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000000944. PMID: 27755170

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