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Nongerminomatous germ cell tumor

MedGen UID:
220426
•Concept ID:
C1266158
•
Neoplastic Process
Synonyms: Germ cell tumor, nonseminomatous; Non-seminomatous germ-cell tumors; NONSEMINOMATOUS GERM CELL TUMORS, SOMATIC
SNOMED CT: Germ cell tumor, nonseminomatous (128766005)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0021656
OMIM®: 273300

Definition

A term that refers to teratoma, embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, choriocarcinoma, or mixed forms of these tumors. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • Nongerminomatous germ cell tumor

Professional guidelines

PubMed

A multimodal approach including craniospinal irradiation improves the treatment outcome of high-risk intracranial nongerminomatous germ cell tumors.
Kim JW, Kim WC, Cho JH, Kim DS, Shim KW, Lyu CJ, Won SC, Suh CO
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012 Nov 1;84(3):625-31. Epub 2012 Mar 13 doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.12.077. PMID: 22420971
Central nervous system germ cell tumors: classification, clinical features, and treatment with a historical overview.
Fujimaki T
J Child Neurol 2009 Nov;24(11):1439-45. doi: 10.1177/0883073809342127. PMID: 19841431
Treatment of nongerminomatous germ-cell tumors of the pineal region.
Herrmann HD, Westphal M, Winkler K, Laas RW, Schulte FJ
Neurosurgery 1994 Mar;34(3):524-9; discussion 529. doi: 10.1227/00006123-199403000-00021. PMID: 7514765

Curated

NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines®), Testicular Cancer, 2024

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Clinical outcomes of pediatric patients with autism spectrum disorder and other neurodevelopmental disorders and intracranial germ cell tumors.
Liu KX, Sethi RV, Pulsifer MB, D'Gama AM, LaVally B, Ebb DH, Tarbell NJ, Yock TI, MacDonald SM
Pediatr Blood Cancer 2021 Aug;68(8):e28935. Epub 2021 Mar 10 doi: 10.1002/pbc.28935. PMID: 33694260
Primary and Recurrent Growing Teratoma Syndrome in Central Nervous System Nongerminomatous Germ Cell Tumors: Case Series and Review of the Literature.
Tsuyuguchi S, Sugiyama K, Kinoshita Y, Kolakshyapati M, Takayasu T, Usui S, Takano M, Yonezawa U, Taguchi A, Amatya VJ, Takeshima Y, Kurisu K, Yamasaki F
World Neurosurg 2020 Feb;134:e360-e371. Epub 2019 Nov 18 doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.10.074. PMID: 31751614
Optimal radiotherapy target volumes in intracranial nongerminomatous germ cell tumors: Long-term institutional experience with chemotherapy, surgery, and dose- and field-adapted radiotherapy.
Breen WG, Blanchard MJ, Rao AN, Daniels DJ, Buckner JC, Laack NNI
Pediatr Blood Cancer 2017 Nov;64(11) Epub 2017 Jul 11 doi: 10.1002/pbc.26637. PMID: 28695992
Long-term outcomes in patients with pineal nongerminomatous malignant germ cell tumors treated by radical resection during initial treatment combined with adjuvant therapy.
Jinguji S, Yoshimura J, Nishiyama K, Yoneoka Y, Sano M, Fukuda M, Fujii Y
Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2015 Dec;157(12):2175-83. Epub 2015 Oct 20 doi: 10.1007/s00701-015-2614-2. PMID: 26482943
Treatment of nongerminomatous germ-cell tumors of the pineal region.
Herrmann HD, Westphal M, Winkler K, Laas RW, Schulte FJ
Neurosurgery 1994 Mar;34(3):524-9; discussion 529. doi: 10.1227/00006123-199403000-00021. PMID: 7514765

Diagnosis

Extraneural recurrence of an intracranial nongerminomatous germ cell tumor to cervical lymph nodes in a pediatric patient: Case report.
Howell J, Dandoy C, Wright JM, Chow L, El-Sheikh A, Dole M, Vatner RE, Kamian K
Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2022 Aug;5(8):e1586. Epub 2021 Nov 18 doi: 10.1002/cnr2.1586. PMID: 34796700Free PMC Article
Primary and Recurrent Growing Teratoma Syndrome in Central Nervous System Nongerminomatous Germ Cell Tumors: Case Series and Review of the Literature.
Tsuyuguchi S, Sugiyama K, Kinoshita Y, Kolakshyapati M, Takayasu T, Usui S, Takano M, Yonezawa U, Taguchi A, Amatya VJ, Takeshima Y, Kurisu K, Yamasaki F
World Neurosurg 2020 Feb;134:e360-e371. Epub 2019 Nov 18 doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.10.074. PMID: 31751614
Central Nervous System Germ Cell Tumors: A Review of the Literature.
Kong Z, Wang Y, Dai C, Yao Y, Ma W, Wang Y
J Child Neurol 2018 Aug;33(9):610-620. Epub 2018 May 30 doi: 10.1177/0883073818772470. PMID: 29848146
Germinoma with malignant transformation to nongerminomatous germ cell tumor.
Wong JM, Chi SN, Marcus KJ, Levine BS, Ullrich NJ, MacDonald S, Lechpammer M, Goumnerova LC
J Neurosurg Pediatr 2010 Sep;6(3):295-8. doi: 10.3171/2010.6.PEDS09541. PMID: 20809716
Central nervous system germ cell tumors: classification, clinical features, and treatment with a historical overview.
Fujimaki T
J Child Neurol 2009 Nov;24(11):1439-45. doi: 10.1177/0883073809342127. PMID: 19841431

Therapy

Feasibility of treating pediatric intracranial germ cell tumors in a middle-income country: The Jordanian experience.
Amayiri N, Sarhan N, Yousef Y, Ibrahimi AK, Abu-Shanab S, Al-Zebin Z, Al-Hussaini M, Musharbash A, Tawalbeh A, Bouffet E, Bartels U
Pediatr Blood Cancer 2022 Dec;69(12):e30011. Epub 2022 Sep 21 doi: 10.1002/pbc.30011. PMID: 36131594
Optimal radiotherapy target volumes in intracranial nongerminomatous germ cell tumors: Long-term institutional experience with chemotherapy, surgery, and dose- and field-adapted radiotherapy.
Breen WG, Blanchard MJ, Rao AN, Daniels DJ, Buckner JC, Laack NNI
Pediatr Blood Cancer 2017 Nov;64(11) Epub 2017 Jul 11 doi: 10.1002/pbc.26637. PMID: 28695992
Long-term outcomes in patients with pineal nongerminomatous malignant germ cell tumors treated by radical resection during initial treatment combined with adjuvant therapy.
Jinguji S, Yoshimura J, Nishiyama K, Yoneoka Y, Sano M, Fukuda M, Fujii Y
Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2015 Dec;157(12):2175-83. Epub 2015 Oct 20 doi: 10.1007/s00701-015-2614-2. PMID: 26482943
The growing teratoma syndrome in a nongerminomatous germ cell tumor of the pineal gland: a case report and review.
O'Callaghan AM, Katapodis O, Ellison DW, Theaker JM, Mead GM
Cancer 1997 Sep 1;80(5):942-7. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19970901)80:5<942::aid-cncr16>3.0.co;2-w. PMID: 9307195
Treatment of nongerminomatous germ-cell tumors of the pineal region.
Herrmann HD, Westphal M, Winkler K, Laas RW, Schulte FJ
Neurosurgery 1994 Mar;34(3):524-9; discussion 529. doi: 10.1227/00006123-199403000-00021. PMID: 7514765

Prognosis

Extraneural recurrence of an intracranial nongerminomatous germ cell tumor to cervical lymph nodes in a pediatric patient: Case report.
Howell J, Dandoy C, Wright JM, Chow L, El-Sheikh A, Dole M, Vatner RE, Kamian K
Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2022 Aug;5(8):e1586. Epub 2021 Nov 18 doi: 10.1002/cnr2.1586. PMID: 34796700Free PMC Article
Optimal radiotherapy target volumes in intracranial nongerminomatous germ cell tumors: Long-term institutional experience with chemotherapy, surgery, and dose- and field-adapted radiotherapy.
Breen WG, Blanchard MJ, Rao AN, Daniels DJ, Buckner JC, Laack NNI
Pediatr Blood Cancer 2017 Nov;64(11) Epub 2017 Jul 11 doi: 10.1002/pbc.26637. PMID: 28695992
A multimodal approach including craniospinal irradiation improves the treatment outcome of high-risk intracranial nongerminomatous germ cell tumors.
Kim JW, Kim WC, Cho JH, Kim DS, Shim KW, Lyu CJ, Won SC, Suh CO
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012 Nov 1;84(3):625-31. Epub 2012 Mar 13 doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.12.077. PMID: 22420971
Germ cell tumors of the CNS in children: recent advances in therapy.
Diez B, Balmaceda C, Matsutani M, Weiner HL
Childs Nerv Syst 1999 Oct;15(10):578-85. doi: 10.1007/s003810050546. PMID: 10550589
Treatment of nongerminomatous germ-cell tumors of the pineal region.
Herrmann HD, Westphal M, Winkler K, Laas RW, Schulte FJ
Neurosurgery 1994 Mar;34(3):524-9; discussion 529. doi: 10.1227/00006123-199403000-00021. PMID: 7514765

Clinical prediction guides

Endoscopic aqueductal membrane fenestration was effective for intractable hydrocephalus after removal of a nongerminomatous germ cell tumor exhibiting growing teratoma syndrome: a case report.
Kajiwara S, Nakamura H, Sakata K, Komaki S, Negoto T, Morioka M
BMC Pediatr 2022 Nov 28;22(1):683. doi: 10.1186/s12887-022-03743-y. PMID: 36443673Free PMC Article
Primary intracranial pure endodermal sinus tumor: A retrospective series of 6 cases in a single center and a systematic review of overall survival.
Raynald, Yang H, Zhang X, Ma'ruf L, Li C, Jiang T
Neurochirurgie 2021 Nov;67(6):587-598. Epub 2021 Mar 19 doi: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2021.02.014. PMID: 33753128
Primary and Recurrent Growing Teratoma Syndrome in Central Nervous System Nongerminomatous Germ Cell Tumors: Case Series and Review of the Literature.
Tsuyuguchi S, Sugiyama K, Kinoshita Y, Kolakshyapati M, Takayasu T, Usui S, Takano M, Yonezawa U, Taguchi A, Amatya VJ, Takeshima Y, Kurisu K, Yamasaki F
World Neurosurg 2020 Feb;134:e360-e371. Epub 2019 Nov 18 doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.10.074. PMID: 31751614
Clinical features, radiologic findings, and treatment of pediatric germ cell tumors involving the basal ganglia and thalamus: a retrospective series of 15 cases at a single center.
Wang M, Zhou P, Zhang S, Liu X, Lv L, Wang Z, Ye F, Ju Y, Jiang S
Childs Nerv Syst 2018 Mar;34(3):423-430. Epub 2017 Oct 24 doi: 10.1007/s00381-017-3632-6. PMID: 29067503
Apparent diffusion coefficient of intracranial germ cell tumors.
Ogiwara H, Tsutsumi Y, Matsuoka K, Kiyotani C, Terashima K, Morota N
J Neurooncol 2015 Feb;121(3):565-71. Epub 2014 Nov 21 doi: 10.1007/s11060-014-1668-y. PMID: 25413617

Recent systematic reviews

Primary intracranial pure endodermal sinus tumor: A retrospective series of 6 cases in a single center and a systematic review of overall survival.
Raynald, Yang H, Zhang X, Ma'ruf L, Li C, Jiang T
Neurochirurgie 2021 Nov;67(6):587-598. Epub 2021 Mar 19 doi: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2021.02.014. PMID: 33753128

Supplemental Content

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    Clinical resources

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    Curated

    • NCCN, 2024
      NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines®), Testicular Cancer, 2024

    Reviews

    Related information

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